S

sector, 156

secure shell (SSH)

fundamentals, 210–211

Internet and, 210

major security risk of, 209–210

protocol, 210

Solaris and, 210

security, 197–231

rights, 495

switching user, 204–205

segment length, 324

servers, 11, 12, 345, 348

servers, clients and, 12

Service Management Facility (SMF), 88–91, 93, 98

components, 129

directory and, 127

disabling, 356

milestones and, 89, 91

phases of boot process and, 88

run levels and, 64, 94

Solaris 10 and, 88, 89

UNIX startup scripts and, 349

session-layer protocols, 317

setgid, 226, 231

permissions, 220, 224, 228

setuid, 226

core file and, 427

permissions, 220, 229, 230

S field, values and, 268

shadow file, 172–173, 192

fields in, 173, 173

password and, 172

superuser and, 173

syntax of, 172–173

shared file system, mounting, 415

shared resources, commands for, 439

shell, 8, 12, 24, 225

access and, 208

Bourne shell, 12

commands, 8, 176

C shell, 12

initialization files, 166, 184–187

kernel and, 12

Korn shell, 12

script, 12, 229

user interaction and, 208

shutdown procedures, performing, 93

signal 9, kill and, 265

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), 317

site initialization files, 185, 193

/etc directory, 185

work environments and, 185

skeleton files, 184

sleeping state (state S), 237

snapshots, 276, 301, 307

deleting, 299, 300, 302, 303

with reboot, 300

direct backups and restores, 299

memory and, 431

mounted file system and, 303

restoring data from, 299

with ufsrestore command, 299

retrieving information about, 300

snoop utility, 340

socket, 212, 223, 316

soft partition, 464, 465, 467, 470

software, components, 4

software, uninstalling, 48

software groups, 31, 53

clusters, 31

core system support, 53

developer support, 53

end user support, 53

entire plus OEM support, 53

entire support, 53

functionality and, 33, 33

packages and, 53

reduced network support, 53

upgrades and, 31

software packages, 31

prefixes and, 33

software releases, patches and, 53

Solaris, 8, 234, 243, 279, 290, 317

automount service, 433

backup tools, 274

backup types and, 276

Booling screen, 38

boot process, 64–75, 93

boot program, 85

command console and, 15

commands, 21

device-naming conventions, 134

directories and, 122

directory tree, 107

DNS product and, 393

files and, 121, 122

file systems, 107–114

GUI option and, 15

history of, 9–10

installation utility, 142

kernel, 64, 86

machine

logging in, 18–19

logging out, 18–19

Print Manager, 252

print process, 252–254

reboot in earlier versions, 149

releases, 10

history of, 10

run levels, 72, 93

software, 254

disk space requirements and, 32

terminology, 31–33

SPARC hardware and, 27

system machine, 11

UNIX and, 6

Solaris 7, 29, 54

upgrading, 26, 53

Solaris 8, 29

Solaris 9, 29

Solaris 10 OS, 4, 24, 54, 123, 349

admin tool and, 187

Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) 64-bit and 32-bit micro-processors and, 27

default, inittab file, 72–74

default run levels, changing, 95, 99

devices and, 126

directory hierarchy, 102

file system, 107, 150

resolving inconsistencies, 113

installation, 26

hardware requirements, 28

initial, 53

methods, 57

Intel 32-bit microprocessors and, 27

naming services and, 394

PC hardware support and, 27

printing and, 255

RAM and, 57

rewritten TCP/IP stack, 320

run control (rc) scripts, 90, 91

run level 3 and, 74

Service Management Facility (SMF), 90, 91, 92, 352

software, 35

installation, performing, 34–42

installation requirements and options, 26–34

installing, 25–55

packages and patches, working with, 42–55

software groups and, 57

SPARC processors, 26, 55

system security and, 198

upgrade options, CD/DVD and, 26

user administration, 166

x86 processors, 26, 27, 55

Solaris Device Configuration Assistant (DCA), 39, 512

Solaris Directory Hierarchy, 17, 102–107, 122, 123

Solaris installation

from CD-ROM, 53

Custom JumpStart and, 53

from DVD, 53

flash archives and, 53

live upgrade and, 53

minimum memory requirement for, 53

network-based, S3

patches and, 53

program, 34

CD/DVD and, 34

software, 53

SPARC processors, 53

WAN boot and, 53

x86 processor, 53

zones and, 53

Solaris Installation Program screen, 39

Solaris Live Upgrade, 523

Solaris Management Console (SMC) GUI, 175, 176, 182, 187

Solaris Network Services, Service Management Facility (SMF), 346

Solaris OS

booting and, 156

files and, 223

initial installation of, 54

installation, 142

rebooting, 64, 91

reports on disk space, 117

run levels and, 71

shutdown, 64, 91

emergencies and, 76

upgrading, 53, 54

Solaris System Administration Certification, 4

Solaris Volume Management (SVM), 464, 465, 467

administration of large storage devices, 451

concepts, 450–453

disk set, 451

hot spare, 451

hot spare pool, 451

soft partition, 451

state database, 452

data availability, 451

logical volumes and, 468

logical volumes per disk, 471

logical volumes supported by, 453–457

RAID 0+1 and RAID 1+0 volumes, 457

RAID 0 volumes, 453

RAID 1 volumes, 454–456

RAID 5 volumes, 456

read policies, 454

Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID), 453–457

storage capacity, 451

submirrors and, 454

submirrors in RAID 1 volume, 471

uses of, 451

Solaris Volume Management (SVM) GUI

accessing, 457

Solaris SMC (Solaris Management Console) and, 457

state database and, 465

source facility

activating, 491

error condition sources, 491

SPARC-based systems, 26, 27, 156, 157

64-bit, 27

controllers and, 138

hardware support and, 28

installation and, 34

restores on, 293

STOP-D key and, 97

systems supported (list), 27

spare slice, 468

special file permissions (setuid, setgid, and sticky bit), 198, 219–223

spindle, 134

S state, 265

state database, 457, 462, 463

creating, 458, 458–463, 465

replicas, 452, 463, 465

state flags, 110, 115

state O, 271

sticky bit, 226, 229, 231

security and, 221, 229

Stop-A combination, 98

Stop-D key combination, SPARC system and, 99

storage medium, data structure of, 107

storage volumes, 443–470

stripe volume, 463

benefits of, 457

existing file system, 454

interlace and, 463

striping, 448, 465, 470

block level, 449

performance improvement and, 464, 470

read/write performance, 447

Structured Query Language (SQL), 317

subnet mask, 35

subnetting, 334

substitution wildcards, 286

Sun Alert notification, 49

Sun Certified System Administrator, 4

Sun OS, 9

4.x, BSD and, 10

5.x, first reference to Solaris, 10

SUN (Stanford University Network) Microsystems

Java and, 8

Solaris and, 8

superblock, 115, 163

superuser, 407, 461

access

observing, 205–206

remote prevented by default, 206

restricting, 206

system and, 205

access attempts, monitoring, 205–207

becoming, 206–207

changing variables and, 83

cron.deny and cron.allow files and, 250

kill command and, 244

print scheduler and, 257

security administration and, 204

superuser policy, four keys and, 482

swap

area, on system, 438

devices, 435

files, 435

root, 408

slices, 400, 435

space, 400, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438

adding and removing, 406–407

adding without repartitioning the disk, 407–408

additional memory and, 405

with boot, 438

guidelines for setting up, 404

initial configuration of, 403–404

managing, 403–409

monitoring, 404–406

new software and, 406

secondary, 407–408, 435

TEMPDIR and, 403

/tmp directory and, 403

swapadd script, 436, 441

swap file system (SWAPFS), 400, 432, 436

file, 434

kernel and swapping, 110

virtual swap space addresses, 435

swap slices and swap files, swapadd script and, 435

switch, 330, 351

hardware addresses and, 329

switch files

content of, 365–366

databases supported by, 365

naming services and, 391

switching user (su), 204

SYM, concepts, 444–458

symbolic links, 122, 124, 128

files and, 121

symbolic mode options, 216

syslog, 499, 501

configuration files, 492

function, 489

managing, 491

messages, common priority levels, 492

messaging, 489

Service Management Facility (SMF), 495

UNIX and, 489

syslogd daemon, 489–490, 491, 495

configuration file, 497

debugging and, 492

messages and, 493

SMF commands and, 497

syslogd service, Service Management Facility (SMF), 492

system

access, 223

monitoring, 198–203, 223, 225

accounts, 169

backing up, 35

backups and restores, 273–308

boot, 79–80

configuration variables, 91

procedures and, 160

concepts, 11–13

configuration variables, startup system configuration and, 95

crash dump, SMF and, 431

crashes, Solaris and, 430

defined, 11

message logging, fundamentals of, 490–491

messages, 493

managing, 473–502, 489–494

network and, 35

processes, managing, 233–272

recognition of devices and, 146

security, 187, 198, 223

controlling, 207–211, 225–226

performing, 203–207, 225

switching user and, 204–205

shutdown, 76, 90

commands for, 78

performing, 76–79

run levels and, 76

users and, 77, 79

ways to, 77

system administrator, 42

backups and, 274, 301

control over boot process and, 75

control over shutdown process and, 75

mounting new files and, 152

System V Interface Definition, 42