Intel Mobile Processors

The following sections detail the specific mobile processors that Intel has introduced, starting with the SL Enhanced 486 processors, all the way up through the latest Mobile Pentium 4, Mobile Pentium 4-M, and Pentium M processors.

SL-Enhanced 486 Processors

The Intel486SL and SL-enhanced SX, DX2, and DX4 processors (with SL technology) were used in a number of laptop and other portable systems during the 1990s. The DX2 and DX4 versions are clock-doubled and -tripled versions, respectively, greatly adding to the speed and performance of the chip.

The following is a summary of features for the 486:

• 32-Bit RISC (reduced instruction set computer) integer core

• 8KB (SL/SX, DX2) or 16KB (DX4) on-die unified L1 cache

• Support for 4GB of physical memory

• Support for 64TB of virtual memory

• On-chip floating-point unit (math coprocessor)

• One cycle per instruction execution

• 33MHz 32-bit CPU bus (133MBps throughput)

• SL technology

• System Management Mode (SMM)

• 32-bit external data bus address range

The 486 uses a 32-bit wide (4-byte) processor data bus, which means that it moves 4 bytes per cycle on the processor bus. With a bus speed of 33MHz, that equates to 133MBps total throughput. The 486 also has a 32-bit address bus, which means that it can address 2³² bytes of memory, which is 4GB. However, most chipsets used with the 486 limit maximum memory to 64MB or less.

See "SL Technology," p. 136.

Mobile Pentium

The main idea with most mobile processors is to shrink them as small as possible, which then lets them run at lower voltages; this saves power. The 200MHz and 233MHz Mobile Pentium processors with MMX technology (code-named Tillamook) were the first products manufactured using 0.25-micron process technology. Intel also made 300MHz, 266MHz, and 166MHz Mobile Pentium/MMX processors on the 0.25-micron process.

The 0.25-micron manufacturing process and Intel's voltage-reduction technology decreased the core voltage from 2.45V to 1.8V (2.0V for the 266MHz version), and the I/O interface from 3.3V to 2.5V, relative to previous-generation processors. The 0.25-micron manufacturing process increased chip speed up to 60%, while reducing power consumption (up to 53%) when compared to 166MHz Mobile Pentium processors with MMX technology on the 0.35-micron process. This reduction in voltages allows for higher speeds with less battery power use and less heat production. Typical power consumption can be reduced from 7.7W for 166MHz Mobile Pentium processors with MMX technology on the 0.35 process to 3.9W for the 233MHz processor. These improvements represent nearly a 50% decrease in power consumption.

Although Intel has largely replaced its Mobile Pentium processors with Mobile Pentium II/III/4/M and Mobile Celeron processors, the power and heat savings pioneered in the Mobile Pentium line live on in improved form in these newer processors for portable systems.

Intel also manufactured regular (non-MMX) Pentium chips at speeds of 75, 100, 120, 133, and 150MHz for use in low-end portable systems. These chips used voltage-reduction technology (VRT), which means that they draw the standard 3.3V from the motherboard, but internally they operate on only 2.9V (3.1V for the 150MHz model). Although this is not as dramatic of a reduction as that evidenced in the 0.25-micron process chips, VRT still reduces the overall power consumption and heat production of these processors. These processors are no longer being manufactured, but they will appear in older laptop computers that you might have or encounter.

Mobile Pentium II and III

In April 1998, Intel announced the first Mobile Pentium II processors. Running at 233MHz and 266MHz, these processors were also manufactured using the same 0.25-micron process used by the Mobile Pentium MMX. With a core voltage of 1.7V and an I/O buffer voltage of 1.8V, they run at even lower voltage levels than their Pentium MMX counterparts. Although at 8.6W, a 266MHz Pentium II consumes more power overall than a Pentium MMX running at the same speed, you must take into account that the Pentium II includes an integrated L2 cache, whereas the Pentium MMX, at 4.5W, does not.

To reduce power consumption and heat buildup while preserving speed, Intel redesigned the Mobile Pentium II in late 1998 to use a different method for accessing the L2 cache. The original Mobile Pentium II used a 512KB L2 cache running at half CPU speed, just like the desktop Pentium II processor, but the revised design changed to an integrated on-die L2 cache of just 256KB, but running at the same speed as the CPU. Because this cache is manufactured directly on the processor die, it runs at the same speed as the processor core and uses less power than slower external cache.

The Mobile Pentium III is an improved version of the Mobile Pentium II, also using an on-die 256KB L2 cache, but with several design improvements, including the use of the .18-micron architecture, core voltages ranging from 1.7V (for the 1GHz and 900MHz versions) to as low as 1.1V (for the 500MHz versions), and SpeedStep power-saving technology for the 600MHz and faster versions. To reduce size, most versions of the Mobile Pentium III use the BGA-2 and micro-PGA2 packaging. The Mobile Pentium III also supports seven clock states for a wider range of power-saving modes than on earlier mobile processors.

Table 4.3 lists the speed, manufacturing process, and voltage specifications for the Mobile Pentium II and III and Mobile Celeron CPUs manufactured by Intel.

Table 4.3. Intel Mobile Processor Specifications

Processor Voltage	Core Speed	Bus Speed	Manufacturing Process	Core Voltage	I/O Buffer
Pentium	75MHz	50MHz	0.35 micron	2.9V	3.3V
Pentium	100MHz	66MHz	0.35 micron	2.9V	3.3V
Pentium	120MHz	60MHz	0.35 micron	2.9V	3.3V
Pentium	133MHz	66MHz	0.35 micron	2.9V	3.3V
Pentium	150MHz	60MHz	0.35 micron	3.1V	3.3V
Pentium/MMX	120MHz	60MHz	0.35 micron	2.45V	3.3V
Pentium/MMX	133MHz	66MHz	0.35 micron	2.45V	3.3V
Pentium/MMX	150MHz	60MHz	0.35 micron	2.45V	3.3V
Pentium/MMX	166MHz	66MHz	0.35 micron	2.45V	3.3V
Pentium/MMX	166MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.8V	2.5V
Pentium/MMX	200MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.8V	2.5V
Pentium/MMX	233MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.8V	2.5V
Pentium/MMX	266MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	2.0V	2.5V
Pentium/MMX	300MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	2.0V	2.5V
Pentium II	233MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.7V	1.8V
Pentium II	266MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.7V	1.8V
Pentium II	300MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Pentium II	333MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Pentium II	366MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Pentium II	400MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Celeron	266MHz-LV	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.5V	1.8V
Celeron	266MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Celeron	300MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Celeron	333MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Celeron	366MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Celeron	400MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.6V	1.8V
Celeron	433MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.9V	1.8V
Celeron	466MHz	66MHz	0.25 micron	1.9V	1.8V
Celeron	400MHz-LV	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.35V	1.5V
Celeron	450MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Celeron	500MHz-LV	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.35V	1.5V
Celeron	500MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Celeron	550MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Celeron	600MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Celeron	650MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Celeron	700MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Celeron	750MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Pentium III	400MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.35V	1.5V
Pentium III	450MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Pentium III	500MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6V	1.5V
Pentium III	500MHz-ULV	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.1/0.975V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	600MHz-LV	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.35/1.1V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	600MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	650MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	700MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	700MHz-LV	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.35/1.1V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	750MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	800MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	850MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.6/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	900MHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.7/1.35V[1]	1.5V
Pentium III	1GHz	100MHz	0.18 micron	1.7/1.35V[1]	1.5V
LV = Low Voltage
ULV = Ultra Low Voltage

^[1] Uses Intel SpeedStep technology, optionally switching to lower speed and voltage to conserve battery life

Mobile Pentium Processor Steppings

As with Intel's desktop processor, the chips of the mobile processor line undergo continual development and are modified in the form of steppings that incorporate corrections and refinements into the hardware-manufacturing process.

Note

The Mobile Pentium, Mobile Pentium MMX, and Mobile Pentium II processors are no longer being produced, but you might still encounter them in the field.

Tables 4.4 and 4.5 list various versions and steppings for the Mobile Pentium and Mobile Pentium MMX processors.

Table 4.4. Mobile Pentium Processor Versions and Steppings

Type	Family	Model	Stepping	Mfg. Stepping	Core/Bus	Spec. Number	Comments
0	5	2	1	B1	75/50	Q0601	TCP
0	5	2	2	B3	75/50	Q0606	TCP
0	5	2	2	B3	75/50	SX951	TCP
0/2	5	2	4	B5	75/50	Q0704	TCP
0	5	2	4	B5	75/50	SX975	TCP
0	5	2	5	C2	75/50	Q0725	TCP
0	5	2	5	C2	75/50	SK079	TCP
0	5	2	5	mA1	75/50	Q0686	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	5	mA1	75/50	Q0689	VRT
0	5	2	5	mA1	90/60	Q0694	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	5	mA1	90/60	Q0695	VRT
0	5	2	5	mA1	75/50	SK089	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	5	mA1	75/50	SK091	VRT
0	5	2	5	mA1	90/60	SK090	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	5	mA1	90/60	SK092	VRT
0	5	2	B	mcB1	100/66	Q0884	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	B	mcB1	120/60	Q0779	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	B	mcB1	120/60	Q0808
0	5	2	B	mcB1	100/66	SY029	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	B	mcB1	120/60	SK113	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	B	mcB1	120/60	SK118	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	B	mcB1	120/60	SX999
0	5	7	0	mA4	75/50	Q0848	VRT, TCP
0	5	7	0	mA4	75/50	Q0851	VRT
0	5	7	0	mA4	90/60	Q0849	VRT, TCP
0	5	7	0	mA4	90/60	Q0852	VRT
0	5	7	0	mA4	100/66	Q0850	VRT, TCP
0	5	7	0	mA4	100/66	Q0853	VRT
0	5	7	0	mA4	75/50	SK119	VRT, TCP
0	5	7	0	mA4	75/50	SK122	VRT
0	5	7	0	mA4	90/60	SK120	VRT, TCP
0	5	7	0	mA4	90/60	SK123	VRT
0	5	7	0	mA4	100/66	SK121	VRT, TCP
0	5	7	0	mA4	100/66	SK124	VRT
0	5	2	C	mcC0	100/66	Q0887	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	120/60	Q0879	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	120/60	Q0880	3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	133/66	Q0881	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	133/66	Q0882	3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	150/60	Q024	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	150/60	Q0906	TCP, 3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	150/60	Q040	VRT
0	5	2	C	mcC0	75/50	SY056	VRT/TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	100/66	SY020	VRT/TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	100/66	SY046	3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	120/60	SY021	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	120/60	SY027	3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	120/60	SY030
0	5	2	C	mcC0	133/66	SY019	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	133/66	SY028	3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	150/60	SY061	VRT, TCP
0	5	2	C	mcC0	150/60	SY043	TCP, 3.1V
0	5	2	C	mcC0	150/60	SY058	VRT
0	5	2	6	E0	75/50	Q0846	TCP
0	5	2	6	E0	75/50	SY009	TCP

Table 4.5. Mobile Pentium MMX Processor Versions and Steppings

Type	Family	Model	Stepping	Mfg. Stepping	Core/Bus	Spec. Number	Comments
0	5	4	4	mxA3	150/60	Q016	ES, TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	150/60	Q061	ES, PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	166/66	Q017	ES, TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	166/66	Q062	ES, PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	150/60	SL22G	TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	150/60	SL246	PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	166/66	SL22F	TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	4	mxA3	166/66	SL23Z	PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	120/60	Q230	ES, TCP, 2.2V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	133/66	Q130	ES, TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	133/66	Q129	ES, PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	150/60	Q116	ES, TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	150/60	Q128	ES, PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	166/66	Q115	ES, TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	166/66	Q127	ES, PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	133/66	SL27D	TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	133/66	SL27C	PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	150/60	SL26U	TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	150/60	SL27B	PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	166/66	SL26T	TCP, 2.285V
0	5	4	3	mxB1	166/66	SL27A	PPGA, 2.285V
0	5	8	1	myA0	166/66	Q255	TCP, 1.8V
0	5	8	1	myA0	200/66	Q146	TCP, 1.8V
0	5	8	1	myA0	233/66	Q147	TCP, 1.8V
0	5	8	1	myA0	200/66	SL28P	TCP, 1.8V
0	5	8	1	myA0	233/66	SL28Q	TCP, 1.8V
0	5	8	1	myA0	266/66	Q250	TCP, 2.0V
ES = Engineering Sample. These chips were not sold through normal channels but were designed for development and testing purposes.
STP = The cB1 stepping is logically equivalent to the C2 step but on a different manufacturing process. The mcB1 step is logically equivalent to the cB1 step (except that it does not support DP, APIC, or FRC). The mcB1, mA1, mA4, and mcC0 steps also use Intel's VRT (voltage-reduction technology) and are available in the TCP or SPGA package, primarily to support mobile applications. The mxA3 is logically equivalent to the xA3 stepping (except that it does not support DP or APIC).
TCP = tape carrier package
PPGA = Plastic PGA
VRT = voltage-reduction technology
2.285V = This is a Mobile Pentium processor with MMX technology with a core operating voltage of 2.285V2.665V.
1.8V = This is a Mobile Pentium processor with MMX technology with a core operating voltage of 1.665V1.935V and an I/O operating voltage of 2.375V2.625V.
2.2V = This is a Mobile Pentium processor with MMX technology with a core operating voltage of 2.10V2.34V.
2.0V = This is a Mobile Pentium processor with MMX technology with a core operating voltage of 1.850V2.150V and an I/O operating voltage of 2.375V2.625V.

Table 4.6 lists the steppings for Mobile Pentium II processors in the Mobile Module, mobile minicartridge, and other forms.

Table 4.6. Mobile Pentium II Processor Steppings

Family	Model	Core Stepping	L2 Cache Size (KB)	L2 Cache Speed	S-Spec	Core/Bus	Notes
6	5	mdA0	512	1/2 core	SL2KH	233/66	MC, 1.7V
6	5	mdA0	512	1/2 core	SL2KJ	266/66	MC, 1.7V
6	5	mmdA0	512	1/2 core	PMD233	233/66	MMO, 1.7V
6	5	mmdA0	512	1/2 core	PMD266	266/66	MMO, 1.7V
6	5	mdB0	512	1/2 core	SL2RS	300/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdB0	512	1/2 core	SL2RR	266/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdB0	512	1/2 core	SL2RQ	233/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdxA0	256	core	SL32M	266/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdxA0	256	core	SL32N	300/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdxA0	256	core	SL32P	333/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdxA0	256	core	SL36Z	366/66	MC, 1.6V1
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL32Q	266/66	BG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL32R	300/66	BG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL32S	333/66	BG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL3AG	366/66	BG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL3DR	266/66	BG, 1.5V
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL3HH	266/66	PG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL3HJ	300/66	PG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL3HK	333/66	PG, 1.6V2
6	5	mdbA0	256	core	SL3HL	366/66	PG, 1.6V2
1.7V = Core processor voltage is 1.7V for these Mobile Pentium processors.
1.6V1 = Core processor voltage is 1.6V +/ 120mV for these processors.
1.6V2 = Core processor voltage is 1.6V +/ 135mV for these processors.
1.5V = Core processor voltage is 1.6V +/ 135mV for this processor.
MC = Mobile Pentium II processor mounted in a minicartridge.
MMO = Mobile Pentium II processor mounted in a Mobile Module, including the 440BX North Bridge.
BG = Mobile Pentium II processor in BGA packaging for low-profile surface mounting.
PG = Mobile Pentium II processor in a micro-PGA1 package.

Mobile Pentium III Processors and Steppings

The Mobile Pentium III has also been available in a number of models and steppings, which can be distinguished by their specification numbers and other details (see Table 4.7).

Table 4.7. Mobile Pentium III Processor Models and Revisions

Speed (MHz)	Speed Step (MHz)	S-Spec	Stepping	CPUID	L2 Cache	Power (W)	Speed Step (W)	Voltage	Form Factor
400		SL3DU	BA2	0681	256K	10.1		1.35V	BGA2
400		SL43K	BB0	0683	256K	10.1		1.35V	BGA2
400		SL4JN	BC0	0686	256K	10.1		1.35V	BGA2
450		SL3KX	PA2	0681	256K	15.5		1.6V	BGA2
450		SL43L	BB0	0683	256K	15.5		1.6V	BGA2
450		SL4JA	BC0	0686	256K	15.5		1.6V	BGA2
450		SL4JQ	PC0	0686	256K	15.5		1.6V	PGA2
450		SL3RF	PA2	0681	256K	15.5		1.6V	PGA2
450		SL3LG	PA2	0681	256K	15.5		1.6V	PGA2
450		SL43N	PB0	0683	256K	15.5		1.6V	PGA2
450		PML45	MA2	0681	256K	14.1		1.6/	MMC-2
		00200						1.35V
		1AA
450		PML45	MB0	0683	256K	14.1		1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AB
450		PML45	MC0	0686	256K	14.1		1.6V	MMC-2
		00220
		1AC
500		SL3DT	BA2	0681	256K	16.8		1.6V	BGA2
500		SL43M	BB0	0683	256K	16.8		1.6V	BGA2
500		SL3PK	BA2	0681	256K	10.1		1.35V	BGA2
500		SL43Z	BB0	0683	256K	10.1		1.35V	BGA2
500		SL4JB	BC0	0686	256K	15.5		1.6V	BGA2
500		SL4JP	BC0	0686	256K	10.1		1.35V	BGA2
500	300	SL4ZH	BC0	0686	256K	8.1	4.5	1.1/	BGA2
								0.975V
500		SL4JR	PC0	0686	256K	16.8		1.6V	PGA2
500		SL3RG	PA2	0681	256K	16.8		1.6V	PGA2
500		SL3DW	PA2	0681	256K	16.8		1.6V	PGA2
500		SL43P	PB0	0683	256K	16.8		1.6V	PGA2
500		PML50	MA2	0681	256K	15.0		1.6V	MMC-2
		00200
		1AA
500		PML50	MB0	0683	256K	15.0		1.6V	MMC-2
		00210
		1AB
500		PML50	MC0	0686	256K	15.0		1.6V	MMC-2
		00220
		1AC
600	500	SL3PM	PA2	0681	256K	20.0	12.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
600	500	SL43Y	BA2	0683	256K	20.0	12.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
600	500	SL4GH	BB0	0683	256K	14.4	8.1	1.35/	BGA2
								1.1V
600	500	SL4JH	BC0	0686	256K	15.8	8.7	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
600	500	SL4JM	BC0	0686	256K	14.4	8.1	1.35/	BGA2
								1.1V
600	500	SL4JX	PC0	0686	256K	20.0	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
600	500	SL3TP	PA2	0681	256K	20.0	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
600	500	SL3PM	PA2	0681	256K	20.0	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
600	500	SL443	PB0	0683	256K	20.0	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
600	500	PML60	MA2	0681	256K	16.6	12.2	1.6/	MMC-2
		00200						1.35V
		1AA
600	500	PML60	MB0	0683	256K	16.6	12.2	1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AB
600	500	PMM60	MC0	0686	256K	16.6	12.2	1.6/	MMC-2
		00220						1.35V
		1AC
650	500	SL3PG	BA2	0681	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
650	500	SL43X	BB0	0683	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
650	500	SL4JJ	BC0	0686	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
650	500	SL4JY	PC0	0686	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
650	500	SL3TQ	PA2	0681	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
650	500	SL3PL	PA2	0681	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
650	500	SL442	PB0	0683	256K	21.5	12.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
650	500	PML65	MA2	0681	256K	17.8	12.2	1.6/	MMC-2
		00200						1.35V
		1AA
650	500	PMM65	MB0	0683	256K	17.8	12.2	1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AB
650	500	PMM65	MC0	0686	256K	17.8	12.2	1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AC
700	500	SL56R	BC0	0686	256K	16.1	8.1	1.35/	BGA2
								1.1V
700	550	SL3Z7	BB0	0683	256K	22.0	13.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
700	550	SL4JK	BC0	0686	256K	22.0	13.2	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
700	550	SL4JZ	PC0	0683	256K	22.0	13.2	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
700	550	SL4DL	PB0	0683	256K	22.0	13.4	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
700	550	SL3Z8	PB0	0683	256K	22.0	13.4	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
700	550	PMM70	MB0	0683	256K	19.1	13.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AA
700	550	PMM70	MC0	0686	256K	19.1	13.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00220						1.35V
		1AB
750	600	SL4JL	BC0	0686	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
750	600	SL54A	BD0	068A	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
750	600	SL4K2	PC0	0686	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
750	600	SL53P	PD0	068A	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
750	600	SL4DM	MB0	0683	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
750	600	SL44T	MB0	0683	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
750	600	SL4AS	MB0	0683	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
750	600	PMM75	MB0	0683	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AB
750	600	PMM75	MB0	0683	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00210						1.35V
		1AA
750	600	PMM75	MC0	0686	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00220						1.35V
		1AB
800	650	SL4AK	BC0	0686	256K	25.9	15.1	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
800	650	SL548	BD0	068A	256K	25.9	15.1	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
800	650	SL4GT	PC0	0686	256K	25.9	15.1	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
800	650	SL53M	PD0	068A	256K	25.9	15.1	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
800	650	PMM80	MC0	0686	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00220						1.35V
		1AA
850	700	SL4AG	BC0	0686	256K	27.5	16.1	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
850	700	SL547	BD0	068A	256K	27.5	16.1	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
850	700	SL4AH	PC0	0686	256K	27.5	16.1	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
850	700	SL53L	PD0	068A	256K	27.5	16.1	1.6/	PGA2
								1.35V
850	700	PMM85	MC0	0686	256K	24.6	14.4	1.6/	MMC-2
		00220						1.35V
		1AA
900	700	SL59H	BC0	0686	256K	30.7	16.1	1.6/	BGA2
								1.35V
900	700	SL59J	PC0	0686	256K	30.7	16.1	1.7/	BGA2
								1.35V
1000	700	SL54F	BD0	068A	256K	34.0	16.1	1.7/	BGA2
								1.35V
1000	700	SL53S	PD0	068A	256K	34.0	16.1	1.7/	PGA2
								1.35V
PGA2 = 495-pin micro-PGA2 (pin grid array 2) form factor
BGA2 = 495-pin BGA2 (ball grid array 2) form factor
MMC-2 = Mobile Module Connector 2 form factor
SpeedStep = Technology that optionally runs the processor at a lower speed and voltage in a battery-optimized mode

Mobile Pentium 4 and Pentium 4-M Processors

The mobile Pentium 4-M, introduced in March 2002, represents a new generation in processors. If this one had a number instead of a name, it might be called the 786 because it represents a generation beyond the previous sixth-generation or 686-class processors. The Mobile Pentium 4-M utilizes a 478-pin, micro flip chip pin grid array (micro-FCPGA) package and plugs into a micro-479 PGA mobile (mPGA479M) socket (see Figure 4.15).

Figure 4.15. Mobile Pentium 4-M micro-FCPGA processor.

The main technical details for the Pentium 4-M include these:

• Speeds that range from 1.4GHz to 2.6GHz

• 55 million transistors, 0.13-micron process, 131mm² die (Northwood, see Figure 4.16) or 125 million transistors, 112mm² die, on the 0.09-micron process (Prescott)

  Figure 4.16. Pentium 4 Northwood die (0.13-micron process, 55 million transistors, 131mm²). (Photograph used by permission of Intel Corporation.)

  

• Software compatible with previous Intel 32-bit processors

• Processor (front-side) bus that runs at 400MHz

• Arithmetic logic units (ALUs) that run at twice the processor core frequency

• Hyperpipelined (up to 20-stage) technology

• Very deep out-of-order instruction execution

• Enhanced branch prediction

• 20KB L1 cache (12KB L1 execution trace cache plus 8KB L1 data cache)

• 512KB of on-die, full-core speed 128-bit L2 cache with eight-way associativity (Northwood) or 1MB on-die, full-core speed 128-bit L2 cache with eight-way associativity (Prescott)

• L2 cache that can handle up to 4GB RAM and that supports ECC

• SSE2144 new SSE2 instructions for graphics and sound processing (Northwood)

• SSE313 new SIMD instructions to supplement SSE2 (Prescott)

• Enhanced floating-point unit

• Multiple low-power states

Intel has abandoned Roman numerals for a standard Arabic numeral 4 designation. Internally, the Pentium 4-M introduces a new architecture that Intel calls NetBurst microarchitecture, which is a marketing term, not a technical term. Intel uses NetBurst to describe hyperpipelined technology, a rapid-execution engine, a high-speed (400MHz) system bus, and an execution trace cache. The hyperpipelined technology doubles the instruction pipeline depth as compared to the Pentium III, meaning that more and smaller steps are required to execute instructions. This might seem less efficient, but it enables much higher clock speeds to be more easily attained. The rapid-execution engine enables the two integer arithmetic logic units (ALUs) to run at twice the processor core frequency, which means that instructions can execute in half a clock cycle. The 400MHz system bus is a quad-pumped bus running off a 100MHz system clock transferring data four times per clock cycle. The execution trace cache is a high-performance Level 1 cache that stores approximately 12KB decoded micro-operations. This removes the instruction decoder from the main execution pipeline, increasing performance.

Of these, the high-speed processor bus is most notable. Technically, the processor bus is a 100MHz quad-pumped bus that transfers four times per cycle (4x), for a 400MHz effective rate. Because the bus is 64 bits (8 bytes) wide, this results in a throughput rate of 3200MBps.

In the new 20-stage pipelined internal architecture, individual instructions are broken down into many more substages, making this almost like a RISC processor. Unfortunately, this can add to the number of cycles taken to execute instructions if they are not optimized for this processor. Early benchmarks running existing software showed that existing Pentium III or AMD Athlon processors could easily keep pace with or even exceed the Pentium 4 in specific tasks; however, this is changing now that applications are being recompiled to work smoothly with the Pentium 4's deep pipelined architecture.

When used in conjunction with the requisite Intel SpeedStep technology driver, the Mobile Pentium 4-M supports Enhanced SpeedStep technology, which enables real-time dynamic switching of the voltage and frequency between two performance modes. This allows switching of the bus ratios, core operating voltage, and core processor speeds without resetting the system.

Table 4.8 lists the various models of the Pentium 4-M processors that Intel has released.

Table 4.8. Pentium 4-M Processor Models and Revisions

Speed	Bus Speed	S-Spec	Stepping	CPUID	L2-Cache	Thermal Design Power (W)
1.40GHz	400MHz	SL5ZX	PB0	0F24	512KB	25.8
1.50GHz	400MHz	SL5ZY	PB0	0F24	512KB	26.9
1.60GHz	400MHz	SL5ZY	PB0	0F24	512KB	30.0
	400MHz	SL5YU	PB0	0F24	512KB	30.0
1.70GHz	400MHz	SL5ZZ	PB0	0F24	512KB	30.0
	400MHz	SL5YT	PB0	0F24	512KB	30.0
1.80GHz	400MHz	SL69D	PB0	0F24	512KB	30.0
1.90GHz	400MHz	SL6DE	PB0	0F24	512KB	32.0
2.00GHz	400MHz	SL6DF	PB0	0F24	512KB	32.0
2.20GHz	400MHz	SL6LR	PC1	0F27	512KB	35.0
2.40GHz	400MHz	SL6K5	PC1	0F27	512KB	35.0
2.50GHz	400MHz	SL6P2	PC1/PD1	0F29	512KB	35.0
2.60GHz	400MHz	SL6WZ	PD1	0F29	512KB	35.0

In June 2003, Intel introduced the Mobile Pentium 4, which is different from the Mobile Pentium 4-M. The main differences between the Mobile Pentium 4 and the Mobile Pentium 4-M are shown Table 4.9.

Table 4.9. Mobile Pentium 4-M and Mobile Pentium 4 Processor Differences

Feature	Mobile Pentium 4-M	Mobile Pentium 4
Bus speed	400MHz	533MHz
CPU speed	Up to 2.6GHz	Up to 3.2GHz
SpeedStep	Yes	Yes
Hyperthreading	No	Optional
Voltage	1.3/1.2V	1.5/1.2V
Power	35W	70W

In essence, the Mobile Pentium 4 is based on the desktop Pentium 4 processor but is designed to run on a marginally lower voltage and with the addition of enhanced SpeedStep. This processor is designed for high-powered laptops that are used more as transportable desktop systems, in which battery life is not a big concern. Hence, this processor is meant for laptops used around the office that are more often plugged into the power socket than not, and not so much for use on the road.

Although the Pentium 4 is close to being a desktop chip, it still offers power-management and reduced voltage operation features that make it much more suitable for use in a laptop than the full desktop version of the Pentium 4. Table 4.10 shows the specifications for the Mobile Pentium 4 processors.

Table 4.10. Mobile Pentium 4 Processor Specifications

CPU Max Speed	CPU Min Speed	CPU Bus Speed	S-Spec	Power (Watts)
3.06GHz	1.6GHz	533MHz	SL726	70
2.80GHz	1.6GHz	533MHz	SL725	68.4
2.66GHz	1.6GHz	533MHz	SL724	66.1
2.40GHz	1.6GHz	533MHz	SL723	59.8

Pentium M

The Pentium M is the first Intel processor designed exclusively for mobile use. The Pentium M processor (code-named Banias) was officially introduced in March 2003 along with the 855 chipset family and the PRO/Wireless 2100 Mini PCI network adapter, which fall under what Intel calls the Centrino brand name when combined in a single system. Today, these components have been updated to offer either the Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG or Intel PRO/Wireless 2915ABG network adapter, able to connect to 802.11b/g or 802.11a/ b/g wireless networks, respectively. The 855 chipset has been superseded by the Mobile Intel 915 PCI Express chipset, offering DDR2 SDRAM and PCI Express support. Figure 4.17 shows all of the components that make up the Centrino brand.

Figure 4.17. Pentium M and Centrino components. (Photograph used by permission of Intel Corporation.)

The core of Centrino is the Pentium M processor, which, in many ways, seems to be a combination of the best features of both the Pentium III and Pentium 4 processor cores, with a Pentium 4 bus and other major enhancements and features added. The major enhancements come in the form of several new internal architectural features, including the following:

• Micro-operation fusion. Micro-operations derived from the same instruction or macro-operation are fused together, resulting in greater throughput using less power.

• Extended Stack Pointer (ESP) Folding. High-level code often requires intensive stack manipulation. ESP Folding eliminates ESP-manipulation micro-operations in stack-related operations, enabling faster execution.

• 32KB L1 cache.

• Massive 1MB (Banias) or 2MB (Dothan) on-die L2 cache (twice as large as the Pentium 4 cache).

• Wider queues and translation lookaside buffers (TLBs).

• 128 entries in TLBs.

• Improved branch prediction.

The Pentium M offers performance equal to or even greater than that of the Pentium 4, while consuming much less power and generating much less heat. Other features include these:

• 77 million transistors, 0.13-micron process, and 84mm² die (Banias, see Figure 4.18) or 140 million transistors, 0.09-micron process, 84mm² die (Dothan)

  Figure 4.18. Pentium M Die, 0.09 micron Dothan core. (Photograph used by permission of Intel Corporation.)

  

• Software compatible with previous Intel 32-bit processors

• Processor (front-side) bus that runs at 400MHz

• SSE2144 new SSE2 instructions for graphics and sound processing (Banias)

• SSE313 new SIMD instructions to supplement SSE2 (Dothan)

• Enhanced floating-point unit

• Multiple low-power states, including the capability to power off portions of the processor and cache that aren't being used

The Pentium M processor with the Banias core contains 77 million transistors and is manufactured using 0.13-micron process technology. It is available in speeds ranging from 1.3GHz to 1.7GHz. A new version of the Pentium M, code-named Dothan, manufactured with a 0.09-micron process, was introduced in May 2004, offering higher clock speeds, 1.8GHz and up, as well as even lower power consumption and better performance. Dothan increased the transistor count to 140 million, largely due to the 2MB L2 cache that takes up about 56% of the die. Despite the higher transistor count and doubling in size of the cache, power consumption of the Dothan was lower, clock for clock, than the previous Pentium M. The Pentium M includes Enhanced SpeedStep technology with multiple voltage and frequency operating points to conserve power and Streaming SIMD Extensions 2 (SSE2), which is the latest version of MMX technology also included with the Pentium 4. The Pentium M die is shown in Figure 4.18.

Notice that the Pentium M die is dominated by the huge 1MB L2 cache, which takes up nearly half the space on the chip. The large cache is responsible for the high transistor count because, in general, it takes about six transistors for each bit of cache memory.

Table 4.11 lists the various models of the Pentium M processors that Intel has released.

Table 4.11. Pentium M Processor Models and Revisions

Processor Number	Speed	Bus Speed	Process	S-Spec	Stepping	CPUID	L2-Cache	Power (W)
N/A	1.30GHz	400MHz	0.13u	SL6N4	PB1	0695	1MB	22.0
N/A	1.40GHz	400MHz	0.13u	SL6F8	PB1	0695	1MB	22.0
N/A	1.50GHz	400MHz	0.13u	SL6F9	PB1	0695	1MB	24.5
N/A	1.60GHz	400MHz	0.13u	SL6FA	PB1	0695	1MB	24.5
N/A	1.70GHz	400MHz	0.13u	SL6N5	PB1	0695	1MB	24.5
715	1.50GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7GL	PB1	06D6	2MB	21.0
725	1.60GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7EG	PB1	06D6	2MB	21.0
730	1.60GHz	533MHz	0.09u	SL86G	PC0	06D8	2MB	27.0
735	1.70GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7EP	PB1	06D6	2MB	21.0
740	1.73GHz	533MHz	0.09u	SL7SA	PC0	06D8	2MB	27.0
745	1.80GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7EN	PB1	06D6	2MB	21.0
750	1.86GHz	533MHz	0.09u	SL7S9	PC0	06D8	2MB	27.0
755	2GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7EM	PB1	06D6	2MB	21.0
760	2GHz	533MHz	0.09u	SL7SM	PC0	06D8	2MB	27.0
765	2.1GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7V3	PB1	06D6	2MB	21.0
770	2.13GHz	533MHz	0.09u	SL7SL	PC0	06D8	2MB	27.0
780	2.26GHz	533MHz	0.09u	SL7VB	PC0	06D8	2MB	27.0

Mobile Celeron Processors

The mobile Celeron processor is available in several versions, including those based on Pentium III, Pentium 4, and Pentium M processors.

Currently, the 1.10GHz and faster versions of the Celeron processor are based on the Mobile Pentium 4-M design. They are essentially identical to Mobile Pentium 4-M processors, except that they include only half the amount of L2 cache and clock speed has been reduced slightly. Most of these processors, like the Mobile Pentium 4, utilize a 478-pin, micro-FCPGA package and plug into a micro-479 PGA mobile (mPGA479M) socket.

The Pentium 4-Mbased Celeron is designed for low-cost, high-value portable systems. Features of the processor are the same as the Pentium 4, with the exception of cache size and, in some cases, bus speed.

Table 4.12 lists the various models of the Celeron processors that Intel has released.

Table 4.12. Celeron Processor Models and Revisions

Processor Number	Speed Thermal	Process	S-Spec	Stepping	CPUID	L2-Cache	Power (W)
N/A	1.10GHz	0.013u	SL5XR	cD0	068A	128KB	33.0
N/A	1.10A GHz	0.013u	SL5ZE	tA1	06B1	256KB	28.9
		0.013u	SL6JR	tB1	06B4	256KB	28.9
N/A	1.20GHz	0.013u	SL5Y5	tA1	06B1	256KB	29.9
		0.013u	SL68P	tA1	06B1	256KB	32.1
		0.013u	SL6JS	tB1	06B4	256KB	32.1
N/A	1.30GHz	0.013u	SL5ZJ	tA1	06B1	256KB	33.4
		0.013u	SL6JT	tB1	06B4	256KB	33.4
N/A	1.40GHz	0.013u	SL68G	tA1	06B1	256KB	38.8
		0.013u	SL6JU	tB1	06B4	256KB	38.8
N/A	1.70GHz	0.013u	SL69Z	E0	0F13	128KB	63.5
N/A	1.80GHz	0.013u	SL6A2	E0	0F13	128KB	66.1
N/A	1.80A GHz	0.013u	SL7RU	T0	0F29	128KB	59.1
N/A	2.00GHz	0.013u	SL6LC	C1	0F27	128KB	52.8
N/A	2.10GHz	0.013u	SL6SY	B1	0F27	128KB	55.5
N/A	2.20GHz	0.013u	SL6SX	B1	0F27	128KB	57.1
N/A	2.30GHz	0.013u	SL6T5	C1	0F27	128KB	58.3
315	2.26GHz	0.09u	SL7XY	D0	0F34	256KB	73
320	2.40GHz	0.09u	SL7KX	D0	0F34	256KB	73
N/A	2.40GHz	0.013u	SL6XG	C1	0F27	128KB	59.8
N/A	2.50GHz	0.013u	SL72B	D1	0F29	128KB	61.0
325	2.53GHz	0.09u	SL7KY	D0	0F34	256KB	73
325J	2.53GHz	0.09u	SL7VR	E0	0F41	256KB	84
N/A	2.60GHz	0.13u	SL6W5	D1	0F29	128KB	62.6
330	2.66GHz	0.09u	SL7KZ	D0	0F34	256KB	73
330J	2.66GHz	0.09u	SL7VS	E0	0F41	256KB	84
N/A	2.70GHz	0.09u	SL77U	D1	0F29	128KB	66.8
335	2.80GHz	0.09u	SL7L2	D0	0F34	256KB	73
335J	2.80GHz	0.09u	SL7VT	E0	0F41	256KB	84
N/A	2.80GHz	0.013u	SL77V	D1	0F29	128KB	68.4
340	2.93GHz	0.09u	SL7RN	D0	0F34	256KB	73
340J	2.93GHz	0.09u	SL7VU	E0	0F41	256KB	84

Mobile Celeron processors from 450MHz through 1.2GHz are built on a 0.18-micron process, available in both 478-pin micro-FCPGA and 495-pin micro-PGA2 packages, and use the same core as the Mobile Pentium III. As with the Pentium III, these processors include Streaming SIMD instructions, an advanced transfer cache architecture, and a processor system bus speed of 100 or 133MHz. These features are offered in micro-FCPGA and micro-PGA2 packages.

Table 4.13 lists the various models of the mobile Celeron processors that Intel has released.

Table 4.13. Mobile Celeron Processor Models and Revisions

Speed	Bus Speed	S-Spec	Stepping	CPUID	L2-Cache	Power (W)	Package
450MHz	100MHz	SL3TM	PA2	0681	128KB	15.5	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL46X	PB0	0683	128KB	15.5	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL4PT	PC0	0686	128KB	15.5	Micro-PGA2
500MHz	100MHz	SL3TN	PA2	0681	128KB	16.8	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL46Y	PB0	0683	128KB	16.8	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL4PU	PC0	0686	128KB	16.8	Micro-PGA2
550MHz	100MHz	SL4MT	PB0	0683	128KB	18.4	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL4PV	PC0	0686	128KB	28.4	Micro-PGA2
600MHz	100MHz	SL4MU	PB0	0683	128KB	20.0	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL4PW	PC0	0686	128KB	20.0	Micro-PGA2
650MHz	100MHz	SL4MV	PB0	0683	128KB	21.5	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL4PX	PC0	0686	128KB	21.5	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL68H	PD0	068A	128KB	21.5	Micro-PGA2
700MHz	100MHz	SL4PY	PC0	0686	128KB	23.0	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL58J	PD0	068A	128KB	23.0	Micro-PGA2
733MHz	133MHz	SL5T4	FPD0	06B1	128KB	23.0	Micro-FCPGA
750MHz	100MHz	SL55Q	PC0	0686	128KB	24.6	Micro-PGA2
	100MHz	SL58K	PD0	068A	128KB	24.6	Micro-PGA2
800MHz	100MHz	SL5DC	PD0	068A	128KB	25.9	Micro-PGA2
800A MHz	133MHz	SL5T3	FPD0	06B1	128KB	27.4	Micro-FCPGA
866MHz	133MHz	SL5T2	FPD0	06B1	128KB	21.9	Micro-FCPGA
933MHz	133MHz	SL5SK	FPD0	06B1	128KB	22.7	Micro-FCPGA
1.06GHz	133MHz	SL64M	FPA1	06B1	256KB	23.2	Micro-FCPGA
1.13GHz	133MHz	SL64L	FPA1	06B1	256KB	23.8	Micro-FCPGA
1.2GHz	133MHz	SL64K	FPA1	06B1	256KB	24.4	Micro-FCPGA

The mobile Celeron M processor is based on the Pentium M processor and uses the 478-pin micro-FCPGA form factor. As with the Pentium M, these processors feature either a 400 or 533MHz front-side bus speed. Some Celeron M processors are based on the Pentium M Banias and are manufactured in 0.13-micron and offer 512KB of L2 cache. Other Celeron M processors are based on Pentium M Dothan and are manufactured in 0.09-micron and feature 1MB of L2 cache.

Table 4.14 lists the various models of the mobile Celeron M processors that Intel has released.

Table 4.14. Mobile Celeron M Processor Models and Revisions

Processor Number	Speed	Bus Speed	Process	S-Spec	Stepping	CPUID	L2-Cache	Power (W)
340	1.50GHz	400MHz	0.13u	SL7ME	PB1	0695	512KB	24.5
350	1.30GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7RA	PB1	06D6	1MB	21
350J	1.30GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL86L	PCO	06D8	1MB	21
360	1.40GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL7LS	PB1	06D6	1MB	21
360J	1.40GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL86K	PCO	06D8	1MB	21
370	1.50GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL86J	PCO	06D8	1MB	21
370	1.50GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL8MM	PCO	06D8	1MB	21
380	1.60GHz	400MHz	0.09u	SL8MN	PCO	06D8	1MB	21