< Day Day Up > |
The HTML 4.0 specification introduced a wide array of new character entities that expand the presentation possibilities of HTML, particularly in the presentation of foreign languages. These include additional Latin characters, the Greek alphabet, special spacing characters , arrows, technical symbols, and various shapes . Some of these entities have yet to be supported by browser vendors . Netscape versions 4.0 through 4.8 support only a few of the extended Latin characters, and some entities that duplicate characters already are available in the "standard" list (32 through 255). Internet Explorer versions 4.0 and higher support many of these entities, including the Greek alphabet and mathematical symbols, but do have notable holes. Netscape 6. x /7. x , Opera 7, and Mozilla browsers support pretty much all the entities.
Named | rowser Support | Numbered | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
&Oelig; | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Œ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ’ | Uppercase ligature "OE" |
œ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | œ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | “ | Lowercase ligature "oe" |
Š | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Š | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Uppercase "S" with caron |
š | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | š | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Lowercase "s" with caron |
Ÿ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ÿ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Uppercase "Y" with umlaut |
Note | Internet Explorer 5 for Macintosh displays & Scaron;, & #352;, & scaron;, and & #353; with the caron shifted one space to the left of the "s" or "S" character it should be over. |
Named | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ƒ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ƒ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ’ | Latin small "f" with hook |
Named | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Suppor | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ˆ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ˆ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ^ | Circumflex accent |
˜ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ˜ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ~ | Small tilde |
Named | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
&ensp | N: 6, 7 |   | N: 6, 7 | En space | |
  | N: 6, 7 |   | N: 6, 7 | Em space | |
  | N: 6, 7 |   | N: 6, 7 | Thin space | |
‌ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‌ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Zero width nonjoiner |
‍ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‍ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Zero width joiner |
‎ | None | ‎ | None | Non-visible | Left-to-right mark |
‏ | None | ‏ | None | Non-visible | Right-to-left mark |
– | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | – | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | - | En dash |
— | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | — | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | - | Em dash |
‘ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‘ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ' | Open single quotation mark |
’ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ’ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ' | Close single quotation mark |
‚ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‚ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | , | Single low-9 quotation mark |
“ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | “ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | " | Open double quotation mark |
” | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ” | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | " | Close double quotation mark |
„ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | „ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | " | Double low-9 quotation mark |
† | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | † | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Dagger |
‡ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‡ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Double dagger |
• | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | • | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | * | Bullet |
… | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | … | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Horizontal ellipsis |
‰ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5 | ‰ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ° | Per thousand sign |
′ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ′ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ' | Prime, minutes, or feet |
″ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ″ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | " | Double prime, seconds, or inches |
‹ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‹ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | < | Single left-pointing angle quotation mark |
› | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | › | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | > | Single right-pointing angle quotation mark |
‾ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ‾ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Overline |
⁄ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ⁄ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | / | Fraction slash |
Named | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Α | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Α | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | A | Greek capital letter alpha |
Β | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Β | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | B | Greek capital letter beta |
Γ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Γ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | G | Greek capital letter gamma |
Δ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Δ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | D | Greek capital letter delta |
& Epsilon ; | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ε | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | E | Greek capital letter epsilon |
Ζ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ζ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Z | Greek capital letter zeta |
Η | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Η | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | H | Greek capital letter eta |
Θ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Θ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Q | Greek capital letter theta |
Ι | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ι | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | I | Greek capital letter iota |
Κ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Κ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | K | Greek capital letter kappa |
Λ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Λ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | L | Greek capital letter lambda |
Μ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Μ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | M | Greek capital letter mu |
Ν | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ν | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | N | Greek capital letter nu |
Ξ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ξ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | X | Greek capital letter xi |
Ο | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ο | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | O | Greek capital letter omicron |
Π | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Π | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | P | Greek capital letter pi |
Ρ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ρ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | R | Greek capital letter rho |
Σ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Σ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | S | Greek capital letter sigma |
Τ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Τ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | T | Greek capital letter tau |
Υ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Υ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | U | Greek capital letter upsilon |
Φ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Φ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | F | Greek capital letter phi |
Χ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Χ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | C | Greek capital letter chi |
Ψ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ψ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Y | Greek capital letter psi |
Ω | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | Ω | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | W | Greek capital letter omega |
α | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | α | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | a | Greek small letter alpha |
β | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | β | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | b | Greek small letter beta |
γ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | γ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | g | Greek small letter gamma |
δ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | δ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | d | Greek small letter delta |
ε | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ε | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | e | Greek small letter epsilon |
ζ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ζ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | z | Greek small letter zeta |
η | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | η | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | h | Greek small letter eta |
θ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | θ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | q | Greek small letter theta |
ι | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ι | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | i | Greek small letter iota |
κ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | κ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | k | Greek small letter kappa |
λ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | λ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | l | Greek small letter lambda |
μ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | μ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | m | Greek small letter mu |
ν | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ν | IE: 4, 5, 5.5 | n | Greek small letter nu |
ξ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ξ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5 | x | Greek small letter xi |
ο | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ο | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | o | Greek small letter omicron |
π | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | π | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | p | Greek small letter pi |
ρ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ρ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | r | Greek small letter rho |
ς | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ς | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | V | Greek small letter final sigma |
σ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | σ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | s | Greek small letter sigma |
τ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | τ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | t | Greek small letter tau |
υ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | υ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | u | Greek small letter upsilon |
φ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | φ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | f | Greek small letter phi |
χ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | χ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | c | Greek small letter chi |
ψ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ψ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | y | Greek small letter psi |
ω | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ω | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | w | Greek small letter omega |
ϑ | IE: 5 (Mac only) | ϑ | IE: 5 (Mac only) | X | Greek small letter theta symbol |
ϒ | IE: 5 (Mac only) | ϒ | IE: 5 (Mac only) |
| Greek upsilon with hook symbol |
&piv | IE: 5 (Mac only) | ϖ | IE: 5 (Mac only) | v | Greek pi symbol |
Named Entity | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
℘ | N: 6, 7 | ℘ | N: 6, 7 | ƒ | Script capital P, power set |
ℑ | N: 6, 7 | ℑ | N: 6, 7 |
| Blackletter capital I, or imaginary part symbol |
ℜ | N: 6, 7 | ℜ | N: 6, 7 | ‚ | Blackletter capital R, or real part symbol |
™ | IE: 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ™ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, | ¢ | Trademark symbol |
ℵ | N: 6, 7 | ℵ | N: 6, 7 |
| Alef symbol, or first transfinite cardinal |
Named | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
← | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ← | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Left arrow |
↑ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ↑ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Up arrow |
→ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | → | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Right arrow |
↓ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ↓ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Down arrow |
↔ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ↔ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | « | Left-right arrow |
↵ | N: 6, 7 | ↵ | N: 6, 7 |
| Down arrow with corner leftward |
⇐ | N: 6, 7 | ⇐ | N: 6, 7 |
| Left double arrow |
⇑ | N: 6, 7 | ⇑ | N: 6, 7 |
| Up double arrow |
⇒ | IE: 5.5, 6 | ⇒ | IE: 5.5, 6 |
| Right double arrow |
⇓ | N: 6, 7 | ⇓ | N: 6, 7 |
| Down double arrow |
⇔ | IE: 5.5, 6 | ⇔ | IE: 5.5, 6 |
| Left-right double arrow |
Named Entity | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
& forall ; | IE: 6 | ∀ | IE: 6 | " | For all |
∂ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ∂ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Partial differential |
∃ | IE: 6 | ∃ | IE: 6 | $ | There exists |
∅ | N: 6, 7 | ∅ | N: 6, 7 |
| Empty set, null set, diameter |
∇ | IE: 6 | ∇ | IE: 6 | ‘ | Nabla, or backward difference |
∈ | IE: 6 | ∈ | IE: 6 |
| Element of |
∉ | N: 6, 7 | ∉ | N: 6, 7 |
| Not an element of |
∋ | IE: 6 | ∋ | IE: 6 | ' | Contains as member |
∏ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ∏ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| N-ary product, or product sign |
∑ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ∑ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| N-ary summation |
− | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | − | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | - | Minus sign |
∗ | N: 6, 7 | ∗ | N: 6, 7 | [*] | Asterisk operator |
√ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | √ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Square root, radical sign |
∝ | IE: 6 | ∝ | IE: 6 | µ | Proportional to |
∞ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ∞ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Infinity |
∠ | IE: 6 | ∠ | IE: 6 |
| Angle |
∧ | IE: 6 | ⊥ | IE: 6 | ^ | Logical and |
∨ | N: 6, 7 | ⊦ | N: 6, 7 |
| Logical or |
∩ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ∩ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Intersection, cap |
∪ | N: 6, 7 | ∪ | N: 6, 7 | ˆ | Union, cup |
∫ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ∫ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ² | Integral |
∴ | IE: 6 | ∴ | IE: 6 | \ | Therefore |
∼ | IE: 6 | ∼ | IE: 6 | ~ | Tilde operator |
≅ | N: 6, 7 | ≅ | N: 6, 7 | @ | Approximately equal to |
≈ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ≈ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | » | Almost equal to, asymptotic to |
≠ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ≠ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ¹ | Not equal to |
≡ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ≡ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Identical to |
≤ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ≤ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | & pound ; | Less than or equal to |
≥ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ≥ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ³ | Greater than or equal to |
⊂ | IE: 6 | ⊂ | IE: 6 |
| Subset of |
⊃ | IE: 6 | ⊃ | IE: 6 |
| Superset of |
⊄ | N: 6, 7 | ⊄ | N: 6, 7 | ‹ | Not a subset of |
⊆ | IE: 6 | ⊆ | IE: 6 |
| Subset of or equal to |
⊇ | IE: 6 | ⊇ | IE: 6 |
| Superset of or equal to |
⊕ | N: 6, 7 | ⊕ | N: 6, 7 |
| Circled plus, direct sum |
⊗ | N: 6, 7 | ⊗ | N: 6, 7 |
| Circled times, vector product |
⊥ | IE: 6 | ⊥ | IE: 6 | ^ | Perpendicular |
⋅ | N: 6, 7 | ⋅ | N: 6, 7 | · | Dot operator |
Named Entity | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
⌈ | N: 6, 7 | ⌈ | N: 6, 7 |
| Left ceiling |
⌉ | N: 6, 7 | ⌉ | N: 6, 7 | ¹ | Right ceiling |
⌊ | N: 6, 7 | ⌊ | N: 6, 7 | « | Left floor |
⌋ | N: 6, 7 | ⌋ | N: 6, 7 | » | Right floor |
⟨ | N: 7 | 〈 | N: 7 | < | Left-pointing angle bracket |
⟩ | N: 7 | 〉 | N: 7 | > | Right-pointing angle bracket |
Named Entity | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
◊ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ◊ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Lozenge |
Named Entity | Browser Support | Numbered Entity | Browser Support | Intended Rendering | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
♠ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ♠ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Spade suit |
♣ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ♣ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | § | Club suit |
♥ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ♥ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Heart suit |
♦ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 | ♦ | IE: 4, 5, 5.5, 6 |
| Diamond suit |
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