Hack 40. Make Videos with Windows Movie Maker

You can make better home movies and other videos with XP's built-in video maker.

XP is Microsoft's most media-aware operating system, and it comes with built-in software for making and editing videos and home movies: Windows Movie Maker. (To run it, choose Start Programs Windows Movie Maker.) But making videos properly with it can be tricky, so check out these tips on how to make better home movies and videos.

For many more multimedia hacks specific to Windows XP, check out Windows XP Hacks by Preston Gralla (O'Reilly), from which this hack is excerpted.

4.3.1. Capturing the Video Properly

Windows Movie Maker lets you edit movies, and add special effects and titles, but it all starts with capturing the video properly. So, first make sure you bring the video into your PC in the best way.

4.3.1.1. Capturing analog video

If you have an analog video camera or videotape, you need some way of turning those analog signals into digital data [Hack #37]. You can do this via a video capture board, or by using a device you can attach to your FireWire or USB port. If you're going the route of a video capture board, make sure the board has XP-certified drivers; otherwise, you might run into trouble. To find out whether a board has XP-certified drivers, search the Windows Compatibility List at www.microsoft.com/windows/catalog.

If you have a USB port, you can import analog video with DVD Express, Instant DVD 2.0, or Instant DVD+DV, all available from http://www.adstech.com. They're hardware/software combinations; to get the video into your PC, connect the analog video device to the USB Instant Video or USB Instant-DVD device, and then connect a USB cable from the device to the USB port on your PC. (A similar product, called the Dazzle Digital Video Creator, will do the same thing. For details, go to http://www.dazzle.com.)

Check your system documentation to see what type of USB port you have. If you have a USB 1.1 port, you won't be able to import high-quality video, and you'd be better off installing a video capture card. USB 2.0 will work fine, though.

If you have a FireWire-enabled PC, you're also in luck, because its high-speed capacity is also suitable for importing video. You'll have to buy extra hardware, called SCM Microsystems Dazzle Hollywood DV-Bridge. Plug your RCA cable or S-Video cable into Hollywood DV-Bridge, and then plug a FireWire cable from Hollywood DV-Bridge into your FireWire port, and you'll be able to send video to your PC. It's available at online stores such as http://www.buy.com.

Once you've set up the hardware and your camera, recording the video is easy. Open Windows Movie Maker, turn on your camera or video converter, and choose File Capture Video.

4.3.1.2. Capturing digital video.

If you have a digital video camera or webcam, you shouldn't need any extra hardware to capture video from it, as long as you have a FireWire port on your PC. These devices generally include built-in FireWire ports (the cameras might call the port an IEEE-1394 port or an i. LINK port). If you don't have a FireWire port on your PC, you can install a FireWire port card. These generally cost much less than $100. Make sure the card is Open Host Controller Interface (OHCI)-compliant.

When you plug your digital camera into a FireWire port and turn it on, Windows will ask you what you want to do with the camera. Tell it you want to Record in Movie Maker, and it will launch Movie Maker to the Record dialog box.

4.3.2. Best Settings for Recording Video

Before you start recording, you'll need to name your video file, as well as select where to save it. Windows should default to your Videos folder, which is a good place. After assigning your video a name, along with a place on your hard drive, you need to select how you want Movie Maker to record your video.

You will then be able to select how Movie Maker should digitize your footage, as shown in Figure 4-2. This is your chance to change your video settings, and choosing the proper setting is perhaps the most important step in creating your video.

Look at the Other Settings drop-down box in Figure 4-2. By clicking on the radio button, the drop-down box becomes active and you choose the quality of the video you're creating, which is the most important setting. What you choose for this setting will depend on the input source; digital video cameras, for example, let you record at a higher quality than analog video cameras, so they will give you a wider range of options. Movie Maker comes with a number of preset profiles, including three basic ones: "DV-AVI (NTSC)," "High quality video (NTSC)," and "Video for broadband (512 Kbps)." When you choose your profile, Movie Maker tells you how many hours and minutes of recording time you have, based on your disk space and the disk requirements of the profile. For example, you might have 193 hours of recording time based on the DV-AVI setting, but 1,630 hours based on the "Video for broadband" setting.

Figure 4-2. Options for recording video in Windows Movie Maker

Those three profiles aren't your only choices, though. You can choose from a much wider variety of profiles (as a general rule, I suggest doing that), based on what you plan to do with the eventual video. Do you plan to post the video on the Web? Just play it back at home? Run it on a personal digital assistant? These other profiles are designed for specific purposes like those.

To select a profile, choose one from the Other Settings drop-down list, shown in Figure 4-3, with a range of profiles from which you can choose. They're prebuilt for specific uses. For example, if you're recording video to post on the Web, select one of the "Video for broadband" profiles. If you're recording for color PDA devices, select one of the "Video for Pocket PC" profiles. And, if you're recording to display your project on a standard TV, choose the DV-AVI profile.

Figure 4-3. Choosing from additional preset profiles

Whenever you choose a profile, you'll see underneath it the frame size of the video and the frames per second. Here's what the settings mean:

File type

The format of the file that will be created. Some formats can play using only certain media players, like Windows Media Player.

Bit rate

The bit rate of the recorded video the higher the bit rate, the greater the quality.

Display size

The size of the video, in pixels for example, 740 x 480, or 320 x 240.

Frames per second

The number of frames captured per second. For smooth video, you need 30 frames per second, which is the "high-quality" setting. The medium-and low-quality settings record at 15 frames per second.

To help you make the best choice among profiles, Table 4-1 shows the settings for all the Movie Maker profiles.

Table Settings for Movie Maker profiles

Profile name	Display size	Bit rate	Frames per second	Disk space per minute
Video for Pocket PC (218Kbps)	208 x 160 pixels	218.2 kilobits per second (Kbps)	20	1MB
Video for Pocket PC (143Kbps)	208 x 160 pixels	143.3Kbps	8	1MB
Video for Pocket PC (Full screen 218Kbps)	320 x 240 pixels	218Kbps	15	1MB
High quality video (large)	640 x 480 pixels	variable	30	variable
High quality video (small)	320 x 240 pixels	variable	30	variable
Video for local playback (2.1Mbps)	640 x 480 pixels	2.1Mbps	30	14MB
Video for local playback (1.5 Mbps)	640 x 480 pixels	1.5Mbps	30	10MB
Video for LAN (1.0Mbps)	640 x 480 pixels	1.0Mbps	30	7MB
Video for LAN (768Kbps)	640 x 480 pixels	768Kbps	30	5MB
Video for broadband (512Kbps)	320 x 240 pixels	512Kbps	30	3MB
Video for broadband (340Kbps)	320 x 240 pixels	340Kbps	30	2MB
Video for broadband (150Kbps)	320 x 240 pixels	150Kbps	15	1MB
Video for ISDN (48Kbps)	160 x 120 pixels	48Kbps	15	351KB
Video for dial-up access (38Kbps)	160 x 120 pixels	38Kbps	15	278KB
DV-AVI	720 x 480 pixels	25.0Mbps	30	178MB
High quality video (NTSC)	720 x 480 pixels	variable	30	variable
Video for local playback (2.1Mbps NTSC)	720 x 480 pixels	2.1Mbps	30	14MB
Video for local playback (1.5Mbps NTSC)	720 x 480 pixels	1.5Mbps	30	10MB

4.3.3. Capturing Methods

After selecting your profile, you need to choose whether to capture the entire tape or just part of it. If you choose to capture the entire tape, Movie Maker will rewind your tape for you (if you're using DV), and capture your footage automatically. If you choose to capture only part of it, you will need to cue your tape to the section you would like to capture. You can capture more than one section manually, without having to go through the entire process of naming your video and selecting a profile again. Figure 4-4 shows the Capture Wizard dialog box, set to capture the entire tape currently in the camera.

Figure 4-4. Your choice: the whole tape or just parts of it

You can also select to view your footage while Movie Maker is performing the capture sequence. This is a nice feature because you can make sure you are capturing the footage you expect to use…no surprises later on. Once you've made your selection, click the Next button and Movie Maker will proceed to capture your footage.

4.3.4. Making Your Own DVDs

If you use Movie Maker to make or copy your own videos and burn them to DVDs [Hack #79], consider these tips:

• The USB 1.0 standard is not fast enough to connect a camera or other video input to your PC. Its throughput of 11Mbps isn't fast enough for capturing high-quality video, which is 30 frames per second with 24-bit color at a resolution of 640 x480, and requires speeds of at least 210Mbps. USB 2.0, which has a speed of 480Mbps, and FireWire, which has a speed of 400Mbps, will work, however.

• Make sure you have a substantial amount of free hard-disk space if you're going to burn your videos to DVDs. The video will be cached onto your hard disk before it's burned to DVDs, so you'll typically need several free gigabytes.

• Defragment your hard drive before creating and burning DVDs for best performance. If you have a second hard drive, use that for DVD creation rather than your primary hard drive. Regardless of the speed of your CPU, turn off any background applications that are running when you import video and create your DVD.

• If you're burning high-quality video to a DVD, figure that you'll be able to fit about an hour's worth on a single DVD. At a lower quality (lower bit rate), you can fit up to about two hours on a DVD. Keep in mind, though, that if you write at the lower bit rate, the DVD might not be able to be played on a set-top DVD player, though it will work on your PC's DVD player.

• There's no single accepted standard for DVD burning, so not all DVD disks that you burn will work on all set-top DVD players. Generally, most set-top DVD players will play DVD-R discs, but all of them might not play DVD-RW or DVD+RW disks. Manufacturer information can't always be trusted, but check the companies' web sites for the latest details.

• After you've created your video and you're ready to burn it to a DVD, set aside plenty of time. It can take up to two hours to burn a one-hour DVD, depending on your CPU and drive speed.

4.3.5. See Also

• If you want features beyond those offered by Windows Movie Maker, try a variety of software from Ulead Software, including Ulead VideoStudio, Ulead DVD Movie Factory, and Ulead DVD Workshop. They go far beyond basic video-editing tools, and they let you use transitions and add special effects and menus. The software also includes backgrounds, preset layouts, and music you can add to your videos. In addition, they will burn to DVD, VCD, and SVCD and can save files in a variety of video formats. They're shareware and available to try for free, but you're expected to pay if you keep using them. For details, go to http://www.ulead.com.

  Preston Gralla