List of Figures

Chapter 1: This Is AutoCAD

Figure 1.1: A typical arrangement of the elements in the AutoCAD window

Figure 1.2: An alternative arrangement of the elements in the AutoCAD window

Figure 1.3: The components of the menu bar, the Standard toolbar, and the Properties toolbar

Figure 1.4: The Draw and Modify toolbars as they appear when floating

Figure 1.5: The Tool palettes

Figure 1.6: Tab selection arrows

The list in the Files tab of the Options dialog box works much like Windows Explorer. Clicking the plus sign to the left of the items in the list expands the option to display more detail.

Figure 1.7: Selecting the first point of a rectangle

Figure 1.8: After you've selected your first point of the rectangle, you see a rectangle follow the motion of your mouse.

Figure 1.9: Tool tips show you the function of each tool in the toolbar. AutoCAD also displays a description of the tool in the status bar.

Figure 1.10: The Layout view of the clip.dwg file

Figure 1.11: Placing the zoom window around the clip

Figure 1.12: The final view you want to achieve in step 3 of the exercise

Figure 1.13: Erasing a portion of the clip

Chapter 2: Creating Your First Drawing

Figure 2.1: A rubber- banding line

Figure 2.2: Notice that the rubber-banding line now starts from the last point selected. This indicates that you can continue to add more line segments.

Figure 2.3: AutoCAD's default system for specifying angles

Figure 2.4: These three sides of the door were drawn by using the Line tool. Points are specified by using either relative Cartesian or polar coordinates.

Figure 2.5: Positive and negative Cartesian coordinate directions

Figure 2.6: Distance and direction input for the door. Distances for metric users are shown in brackets.

Figure 2.7: The drawing cursor's modes

Figure 2.8: Samples of standard symbols used in architectural drawings

Figure 2.9: Using the Arc command

Figure 2.10: A typical command structure, using the Arc command as an example. The messages you see depend on the options you choose as you progress through the command. This figure shows the various pathways to creating an arc.

Figure 2.11: Selecting the lines of the door and seeing them highlighted

Figure 2.12: Selecting the door within a selection window

Figure 2.13: Using the Osnap cursor

Figure 2.14: The rectangle in its new position after using the Endpoint Osnap

Figure 2.15: The highlighted door and the base point just to the left of the door. Note that the base point does not need to be on the object that you are moving.

Figure 2.16: The dotted window (first image) indicates a crossing selection; the solid window (second image) indicates a standard selection window.

Figure 2.17: The door enclosed by a crossing window

Figure 2.18: Stretching lines by using hot grips. The first image shows the rectangle's corner being stretched upward. The next image shows the new location of the corner at the top of the arc.

Figure 2.19: Rotating and copying the door by using a hot grip. Notice that more than one object is being affected by the grip edit, even though only one grip is "hot."

Figure 2.20: The AutoCAD text screen showing the data displayed by the List tool

Figure 2.21: Try drawing this latch. Dimensions are provided for your reference.

Chapter 3: Learning the Tools of the Trade

Figure 3.1: The Drawing Units dialog box

Figure 3.2: A plan view of the toilet tank

Figure 3.3: The ellipse added to the tank

Figure 3.4: A close-up of the toilet drawing

Figure 3.5: The line copied down

Figure 3.6: Trimming the ellipse and the line

Figure 3.7: The Trim command's options

Figure 3.8: The view of the finished toilet after using the Zoom Previous tool. You can also obtain this view by using the Zoom All tool from the Zoom Window flyout .

Figure 3.9: The completed layout

Figure 3.10: If you look at the Draw   Arc cascading menu, you'll see some additional options for drawing arcs. These options provide "canned" responses to the Arc command so that you only have to select the appropriate points as indicated in the pull-down menu option name .

Figure 3.11: The top, left side, and bottom of the tub

Figure 3.12: The inside of the tub completed with the layout lines still in place

Figure 3.13: The drawing after erasing the layout lines

Figure 3.14: A view of the finished toilet and tub with the tub corners filleted

Figure 3.15: The outline of the sink countertop

Figure 3.16: The view of the sink countertop after making some adjustments

Figure 3.17: The completed bathroom sink

Figure 3.18: Drawing a wide flange beam

Chapter 4: Organizing Your Work

Figure 4.1: The interior walls of the bathroom

Figure 4.2: The bathroom, first with the tub and then with the toilet inserted

Figure 4.3: The door drawing being inserted in the Bath file

Figure 4.4: By default, a draw- ing's origin is also its insertion point. You can change a draw- ing's insertion point by using the Base command.

Figure 4.5: The enlarged door

Figure 4.6: The door on the right-side wall of the bathroom

Figure 4.7: The bathroom floor plan thus far

Figure 4.8: A workstation in an office plan

Figure 4.9: A sketch of the new office layout

Figure 4.10: Mirroring the new group by using grips

Figure 4.11: Remove the partitions between the two workstations.

Figure 4.12: Placing drawing elements on separate layers

Figure 4.13: Door at wall with door jamb added

Figure 4.14: Bathroom with sink and countertop added

Figure 4.15: Bathroom with Ceiling layer turned off

Figure 4.16: The layer drop- down list icons

Figure 4.17: The bathroom with all layers except Wall and Ceiling turned off

Figure 4.18: Standard , ISO, and complex AutoCAD line types

Figure 4.19: The completed bathroom

Figure 4.20: A typical set of symbols

Figure 4.21: Draw this part using the symbols you create.

Chapter 5: Editing for Productivity

Figure 5.1: A close-up of the circle and line

Figure 5.2: The completed gas burner

Figure 5.3: The preceding view reduced by a factor of 0.5

Figure 5.4: The burners arrayed

Figure 5.5: An array cell and the Array dialog box options that let you graphically indicate array cells

Figure 5.6: The panned view of the range top

Figure 5.7: The final view of the range top burners (top image) and the finished kitchen (bottom image). Metric dimensions are shown in brackets.

Figure 5.8: The apartment unit interior and balcony . Metric locations and dimensions are shown in brackets.

Figure 5.9: The unit after the bathroom is inserted

Figure 5.10: The enlarged view of the bathroom

Figure 5.11: The first wall line and the wall line by the door

Figure 5.12: The corner of the bathroom wall and the filleted wall around the bathroom

Figure 5.13: The cleaned-up wall intersections

Figure 5.14: The place where you click the object to select it determines what part of an object gets filleted.

Figure 5.15: The view after using Pan, with the door inserted and the jamb and header added

Figure 5.16: Offset lines 5" [13cm] up.

Figure 5.17: The studio unit so far

Figure 5.18: Drawing the door opening

Figure 5.19: Finishing the sliding glass door

Figure 5.20: The completed studio apartment unit

Figure 5.21: Drawing the lobby plan. Metric dimensions are shown in brackets.

Figure 5.22: Circle with center at arc endpoint

Figure 5.23: Finding an exact distance along an arc by using points and the Measure command

Figure 5.24: A selection window enclosing the stair shaft

Figure 5.25: Samples of multiline styles

Figure 5.26: Samples of multiline styles you can create

Figure 5.27: The Mledit options and their meanings

Figure 5.28: The Multiline Edit Tools dialog box

Figure 5.29: The Purge dialog box

Figure 5.30: Mechanical symbols

Chapter 6: Enhancing Your Drawing Skills

Figure 6.1: The unit plan mirrored

Figure 6.2: The unit plan, duplicated four times

Figure 6.3: The Plan drawing

Figure 6.4: The Aerial View window

Figure 6.5: Save view windows in these locations for the Plan drawing.

Figure 6.6: The stairs and walls added to the restored First view

Figure 6.7: Walls added to the restored Second view

Figure 6.8: Walls, stairs, and doors added to the other views

Figure 6.9: The area below the kitchen showing the outline of the floor tile area

Figure 6.10: Predefined hatch patterns available in AutoCAD

Figure 6.11: The Plan drawing with the tile pattern

Figure 6.12: Using Draw Order to create an overlapping effect over a hatch pattern

Figure 6.13: The Xref Manager dialog box

Figure 6.14: The External Reference dialog box

Figure 6.15: The first panel shows a polyline outline of the area to be isolated with Xclip. The second panel shows how the Xref appears after Xclip is applied. The last panel shows a view of the plan with the polyline's layer turned off.

Figure 6.16: The enlarged view of the Unit Xref in the Planxref file

Figure 6.17: The Xrefs after being edited

Figure 6.18: Moving the burners out of the Kitchen block and the rectangle in

Figure 6.19: The Planxref drawing with the changes made to the Unitxref Xref

Figure 6.20: An exercise in block substitution

Chapter 7: Printing, Plotting, and Layouts

Figure 7.1: The screen display and the printed output when Limits is chosen

Figure 7.2: The printed output when Extents is chosen

Figure 7.3: The screen display and the printed output when Display is chosen and no scale is used. (The drawing is scaled to fit the sheet.)

Figure 7.4: A comparison of the saved view and the printed output

Figure 7.5: A selected window and the resulting printout

Figure 7.6: Adjusting the image location on a sheet

Figure 7.7: A view of the Layout 1 tab

Figure 7.8: The enlarged viewport

Figure 7.9: The Plot Style Table Editor dialog box, open at the Form View tab

Figure 7.10: The hard clip limits of a plotter

Figure 7.11: Plotting an oversized image on a plotter that uses the lower- left corner for its origin

Chapter 8: Adding Text to Drawings

Figure 8.1: The top image shows the points to pick to place the text boundary window. The bottom image shows the completed text.

Figure 8.2: Placing the text boundary window for the living room label and the final label

Figure 8.3: Adjusting the text boundary window

Figure 8.4: The text aligned using the Top Center alignment option

Figure 8.5: The location of the Insert Osnap points on a text boundary based on its alignment setting

Figure 8.6: The ruler at the top of the text editor lets you quickly set tabs and indents for text.

Figure 8.7: Add tab markers so that your text looks similar to this figure.

Figure 8.8: Adding the balcony label using the Note1 text style

Figure 8.9: The living room label converted to the Note1 style

Figure 8.10: The standard Auto- CAD text fonts

Figure 8.11: The AutoCAD symbols and Greek fonts

Figure 8.12: Adding simple labels to the kitchen and bath by using the Dtext command

Figure 8.13: Text inserted using the various justification options

Figure 8.14: The word Refrigerator as it appears normally and with the Fit and Align options selected

Figure 8.15: A sample table created with the Tables tool

Figure 8.16: The table so far

Figure 8.17: The New Table Style dialog box

Figure 8.18: The sample mechanical drawing with notes added

Chapter 9: Using Dimensions

Figure 9.1: The components of a dimension

Figure 9.2: AutoCAD's Standard dimension style compared with an architectural-style dimension

Figure 9.3: The dimension line added to the Unit drawing

Figure 9.4: The dimension string continued and completed

Figure 9.5: The bathroom with horizontal dimensions

Figure 9.6: The overall width dimension

Figure 9.7: The grip points are the same as the definition points on a dimension.

Figure 9.8: Moving the dimension line by using its grip

Figure 9.9: Selecting and then moving the 24- foot dimension

Figure 9.10: The Stretch crossing window

Figure 9.11: The moved wall, with the updated dimensions

Figure 9.12: Reassociating a dimension to an object

Figure 9.13: The reassociated dimension follows the rail as it is moved.

Figure 9.14: The window frame

Figure 9.15: The aligned dimension of a non-orthogonal line

Figure 9.16: A linear dimension using the Rotated option

Figure 9.17: The angular dimension added to the window frame

Figure 9.18: Dimension showing the diameter of a circle

Figure 9.19: A radius dimension shown on the outside of the circle

Figure 9.20: The leader with a note added

Figure 9.21: Straight and spline leader lines

Figure 9.22: The Leader Settings dialog box, open at the Attachment tab

Figure 9.23: A dimension using the Oblique option

Figure 9.24: A drawing using ordinate dimensions

Figure 9.25: Position (true)

Figure 9.26: A sample mechanical drawing with dimensions

Chapter 10: AttributesStoring Data with Graphics

Figure 10.1: The attribute inserted in the circle

Figure 10.2: The apartment number symbol

Figure 10.3: An overall view of the plan with door symbols and apartment numbers added

Figure 10.4: Apartment numbers for one floor of the studio apartment building

Figure 10.5: The Enhanced Attribute Editor showing the contents of a block that contains several attributes

Figure 10.6: The drawing with all the attributes visible. (Door type symbols are so close together that they overlap.)

Figure 10.7: The Record file with attribute definitions

Figure 10.8: The Schedule drawing with Record inserted

Chapter 11: Copying Pre-existing Drawings into AutoCAD

Figure 11.1: The tablet's active drawing area

Figure 11.2: The utility room drawing

Figure 11.3: The drawing placed on the tablet

Figure 11.4: The traced drawing and a close-up of the door

Figure 11.5: Use a Window to select this area.

Figure 11.6: The repositioned door jamb

Figure 11.7: The lines after using the Change Point option of the Change command

Figure 11.8: You can use the Change command to quickly straighten a set of nonparallel lines and to align their endpoints to another reference line.

Figure 11.9: The results of the Change command can be unpredictable if the endpoint location is too close to the lines being changed.

Figure 11.10: The walls stretched to the proper dimensions

Figure 11.11: Manually scaling the raster image

Figure 11.12: Adjusting the boundary of a clipped image

Figure 11.13: Two copies of the same image can be combined to create emphasis on a portion of the drawing.

Figure 11.14: A raster image with the frame on (top) and off (bottom)

Figure 11.15: A close-up of a raster image with quality set to High (top) and Draft (bottom)

Chapter 12: Power Editing

Figure 12.1: Copying the wall to start the closet

Figure 12.2: Using an existing wall as a distance reference for copying

Figure 12.3: Adding the second closet wall

Figure 12.4: Breaking the wall lines

Figure 12.5: Filleting the corners

Figure 12.6: Constructing the closet door jambs

Figure 12.7: The finished closet

Figure 12.8: The copied unit

Figure 12.9: Objects to be erased

Figure 12.10: Using the Temporary Tracking Point feature to move the Living Room label to the center of the new living room

Figure 12.11: The tracking vectors intersect in the middle of the room.

Figure 12.12: Stretching a line by using the Tracking function

Figure 12.13: Moving the closet and kitchen

Figure 12.14: Using an existing door to create a door opening

Figure 12.15: Cleaning up the wall

Figure 12.16: Moving the door

Figure 12.17: Adding walls for a second closet

Figure 12.18: The second closet

Figure 12.19: Finishing the kitchen wall and selecting the kitchen rotation base point

Figure 12.20: The revised kitchen

Figure 12.21: The widened door opening

Figure 12.22: The enlarged door

Figure 12.23: The finished one- bedroom unit

Figure 12.24: The overall plan

Figure 12.25: Units to be exported to the Floor1 file

Figure 12.26: Insertion information for Unit2 . Metric coordinates are shown in brackets.

Figure 12.27: A diagram of external reference file relationships

Figure 12.28: The Common file with the revised Unit plan

Figure 12.29: The utility room installed

Figure 12.30: The Xref-1 file with the units updated

Figure 12.31: The relationship of drawing files in a project

Figure 12.32: Different views of the same drawing in Paper Space

Figure 12.33: The newly created viewports

Figure 12.34: The three viewports, each with a different view of the plan

Figure 12.35: Stretching, erasing, and moving viewports

Figure 12.36: Paper Space view- port views scaled to ¹ / ₃₂ = 1 and ³ / ₁₆ = 1

Figure 12.37: The drawing editor with the Wall layer turned off in the active viewport

Figure 12.38: A completed floor of the apartment building

Figure 12.39: Drawing a polygon outline for a viewport

Figure 12.40: A circular viewpoint

Figure 12.41: An enlarged view of the plan with line weights displayed

Figure 12.42: The view of the Unit.dwg file, before and after changing layer settings

Figure 12.43: Creating new view- ports in Paper Space

Figure 12.44: Creating new view- ports in Paper Space

Chapter 13: Drawing Curves and Solid Fills

Figure 13.1: A sketch of a metal joint

Figure 13.2: A polyline line and arc

Figure 13.3: A tapered line segment and an arc created with Halfwidth

Figure 13.4: The offset polyline

Figure 13.5: Sample complex curves drawn by using offset polylines

Figure 13.6: The joined polyline

Figure 13.7: The polyline with a new thickness

Figure 13.8: The Topo.dwg drawing shows survey data portrayed in an AutoCAD drawing. Notice the dots indicating where elevations were taken. The actual elevation value is shown with a diagonal line from the point.

Figure 13.9: How the Break option works

Figure 13.10: The new vertex location

Figure 13.11: The polyline before and after the curve is fitted

Figure 13.12: Picking a new location for a vertex, with the polyline before and after the curve is fitted

Figure 13.13: A polyline after straightening

Figure 13.14: Picking a new tangent direction

Figure 13.15: A polyline with the width of one segment increased

Figure 13.16: The polyline spline curve pulled toward its vertices

Figure 13.17: A spline curve

Figure 13.18: The fitted curve changed to a spline curve, with the location of the second vertex and the new curve

Figure 13.19: Starting the spline curve at the first data point

Figure 13.20: The last two prompts of the Spline command let you determine the tangent direction of the spline.

Figure 13.21: Adding a new control point to a spline

Figure 13.22: The spline after setting the control point tolerance to 30

Figure 13.23: The spline after increasing the Weight value of a control point

Figure 13.24: Adding a single control point by using the Refine option

Figure 13.25: Using the Divide command on a polyline

Figure 13.26: Locating the area to fill, and the final result of the solid hatch

Figure 13.27: Problems that occur with overlapping lines and gray areas

Figure 13.28: Drawing wide circles by using the Donut command

Figure 13.29: Two polylines with the Fill option turned on (top) and turned off (bottom)

Figure 13.30: Drawing a simple plate with curved edges

Chapter 14: Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings

Figure 14.1: Selecting the points to determine the area of the living room and entry

Figure 14.2: After you select a point on the interior of the plan by using Boundary, an outline of the area is highlighted by a dotted line.

Figure 14.3: A flange to a mechanical device

Figure 14.4: The site plan with an area to be calculated

Figure 14.5: The Status screen of the AutoCAD Text window

Figure 14.6: The Time screen in the AutoCAD Text window

Figure 14.7: The Excel worksheet

Figure 14.8: The AutoCAD drawing with the worksheet pasted in

Figure 14.9: Resizing the work- sheet within Auto- CAD

Chapter 15: Introducing 3D

Figure 15.1: Creating a cube by changing a square's line thickness

Figure 15.2: The Z coordinate in relation to the X coordinate and

Figure 15.3: Two identical objects at different elevations

Figure 15.4: The Plan view of the walls and door jambs

Figure 15.5: A 3D view of the floor plan

Figure 15.6: The wall lines, extruded (Wireframe view)

Figure 15.7: The header lines at the new elevation

Figure 15.8: The headers with the new thickness

Figure 15.9: The planter added to the drawing

Figure 15.10: This diagram shows the isometric viewpoints for the four Isometric views available from the View   3D Views cascading menu.

Figure 15.11: This diagram shows the six viewpoints of the Orthogonal view options on the View   3D Views cascading menu.

Figure 15.12: The view of the unit model you see when you choose View   3D Views   Right

Figure 15.13: The Viewpoint Presets dialog box

Figure 15.14: A unit in the apartment building drawing with hidden lines removed

Figure 15.15: The unit plan shaded by using the Flat Shaded, Edges On option

Figure 15.16: A sphere shaded by using different shade modes

Figure 15.17: One table using lines for the top, and another using a solid fill

Figure 15.18: A circle (left) and two joined arcs (right)

Figure 15.19: A 3D view of the stair rail

Figure 15.20: Zooming in to the stair rail lines

Figure 15.21: The 3D Face

Figure 15.22: The top and front faces of the stair rail, and the stair rail with the hidden lines removed

Figure 15.23: Hiding the joined edge of multiple 3D Faces

Chapter 16: Using Advanced 3D Features

Figure 16.1: Different User Coordinate Systems in a 3D drawing

Figure 16.2: The chair seat and back in the Plan (top) and Isometric (bottom) views

Figure 16.3: The six predefined UCS orientations

Figure 16.4: Setting up a UCS

Figure 16.5: Moving the components of the chair into place

Figure 16.6: The chair after rotating and moving the components

Figure 16.7: The 3D view of your drawing so far, showing where to pick points for the 3D Faces

Figure 16.8: Three viewports, each displaying a different view

Figure 16.9: Drawing the legs of the chair. Metric coordinates are shown in brackets.

Figure 16.10: Mirroring the legs from one side to another

Figure 16.11: The chair in 3D with hidden lines removed

Figure 16.12: Using the Object option of the UCS command to locate a UCS

Figure 16.13: Using the Origin option to shift the UCS

Figure 16.14: Moving the origin of the UCS

Figure 16.15: Rotating the UCS about the z-axis

Figure 16.16: Moving a UCS to the plane of a sloping roof

Figure 16.17: Picking points for the Z Axis Vector option

Figure 16.18: Setting up a layout for a butterfly chair

Figure 16.19: The finished chair layout

Figure 16.20: The Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate formats

Figure 16.21: Using 3D polylines to draw the legs of the butterfly chair

Figure 16.22: Defining and saving three UCSs

Figure 16.23: Drawing the seat edge by using arcs

Figure 16.24: Mirroring the arc that defines the side of the chair seat

Figure 16.25: Your butterfly chair so far

Figure 16.26: The completed butterfly chair

Figure 16.27: The butterfly chair with different Surftab settings

Figure 16.28: Drawing two edges for the Ruled Surface option

Figure 16.29: The Rulesurf surface

Figure 16.30: The ruled surface redrawn by using different points to select the objects

Figure 16.31: Extruding an arc by using a line to indicate the extrusion direction

Figure 16.32: Samples of shapes created using the Ruled Surface and Tabulated Surface tools

Figure 16.33: Drawing a pitcher by using the Revolved Surface tool

Figure 16.34: Adding a spout to the pitcher mesh

Figure 16.35: 2nd destination point

Figure 16.36: Selecting the camera and target points

Figure 16.37: The side view of the chairs

Figure 16.38: The view after clicking and dragging the top arcball circle

Figure 16.39: The view after clicking and dragging the left arcball circle

Figure 16.40: The view straightened out

Figure 16.41: The Perspective view after panning downward

Figure 16.42: The view with the Compass, Grid, and Hidden Shade modes turned on

Figure 16.43: The view after using the 3D Adjust Distance tool

Figure 16.44: The side view of the chairs after rotating the view horizontally

Figure 16.45: A view of the walls begins to distort when zooming out.

Figure 16.46: The view of the room after setting the camera focal length to 35 mm

Figure 16.47: The room after swiveling the camera upward

Figure 16.48: The interior view of the room with the front clipping plane turned on

Figure 16.49: Clip/Front clip plane Clip/Back clip plane Objects behind Clip/Back clip plane are hidden

Figure 16.50: Drawing a 3D over- stuffed couch

Chapter 17: Rendering and Animating 3D Drawings

Figure 17.1: The Facade model rendered using all the default settings

Figure 17.2: The Facade model with the sun light source added

Figure 17.3: The North Location dialog box

Figure 17.4: The Facade model rendered with shadows by using the Shadow Map method

Figure 17.5: The rendered view with the Shadow Bias settings revised

Figure 17.6: The Facade model with the glass and granite pebbles materials added

Figure 17.7: The Facade model after modifying the material settings

Figure 17.8: The rendered image with a finer granite surface

Figure 17.9: The Facade model rendered with a sky bitmap image for a background

Figure 17.10: The Facade model with a gradient color background

Figure 17.11: The 3D Face squares representing ceiling light fixtures

Figure 17.12: Selecting the point-light source location in the SW Isometric view

Figure 17.13: The rendered view with ceiling lights

Figure 17.14: Selecting the points for the first spotlight

Figure 17.15: Selecting the points for the second spotlight

Figure 17.16: The rendered view of the model with the spotlights

Figure 17.17: Rendering the night scene

Figure 17.18: Adding another point-light source to the office building

Figure 17.19: Adding a point-light source for the entrance to the facade

Figure 17.20: The night rendering with added lights and an increased falloff area for the spotlights

Figure 17.21: The Facade model rendered with the ray tracing method

Figure 17.22: The rendering with a lower Color/Pattern setting for the Glass material

Figure 17.23: The Facade model using the Shadow Volumes/Ray Traced Shadows option

Figure 17.24: A photographic image of a building that was scanned into a computer and saved as a bitmap file

Figure 17.25: Adding a bitmap image of a building to your rendering

Figure 17.26: The Adjust Object Bitmap Placement dialog box

Figure 17.27: The rendered view with the bitmap image adjusted

Figure 17.28: Placing the trees in the Facade model

Figure 17.29: The rendered view of the model with the trees

Figure 17.30: Placing people in the scene

Figure 17.31: The view after rendering, with the trees adjusted and people added

Figure 17.32: The Windows Render Options dialog box

Figure 17.33: Selecting the crop window

Figure 17.34: A rendered view with the Sub Sampling option set to 3:1

Figure 17.35: A rendering with the Anti-Aliasing setting set to Medium

Figure 17.36: An Elevation view of the Facade model

Chapter 18: Mastering 3D Solids

Figure 18.1: Creating a tube by using solid modeling

Figure 18.2: The solid primitives

Figure 18.3: The intersection, subtraction, and union of a cube and a cylinder

Figure 18.4: This steel bracket was created and rendered in AutoCAD.

Figure 18.5: The first stage of the bracket

Figure 18.6: The converted polyline box

Figure 18.7: Drawing a solid cone

Figure 18.8: Drawing a solid sphere

Figure 18.9: Drawing a solid torus

Figure 18.10: Drawing a solid wedge

Figure 18.11: Moving the smaller box

Figure 18.12: The two boxes joined

Figure 18.13: The cylinders added to the drawing

Figure 18.14: The bracket so far, with hidden lines removed

Figure 18.15: Drawing the 3