N
Tierney, Lawrence M., McPhee, Stephen J., Papadakis, Maxine A.
Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 45th Edition
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R
R115777 (tipifarnib), in cancer therapy 1701
R factors 487
Rabeprazole 588
Rabies 1369–1371
bite wounds and 1297 1369 1370
immunization against 1370–1371
Rabies immune globulin 1370
Rabies vaccine 1314 1370–1371
chloroquine affecting 1314 1371 1492
Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome 1195
Raccoon sign 1020
Racemose cysts, in cysticercosis 1511 1512
Racial/ethnic background
alcoholism and 1083
antipsychotic drug dosing and 1062
breast cancer risk and 706 706 1640
cancer incidence/risk/mortality and 1639–1640
cholelithiasis/gallstones and 684
colorectal cancer incidence and 638
diabetes mellitus and 1194–1195 1196
hemochromatosis and 676
malaria and 1486
multiple sclerosis and 1014
prostate cancer risk and 962 1640
sickle cell anemia and 493
systemic lupus erythematosus and 834
Radial nerve lesions 1029
Radiation burns 1600
Radiation exposure 1599–1601
acute/immediate effects of 1600 1600–1601
delayed effects of 1601
emergency treatment for accident victims and 1601
lethal 1600
lung injury caused by 298–299
maximum limits for 1600
minimizing risks and 1600–1601
during pregnancy 765 1600 1601
terrorism and 1601
thyroid cancer risk and 1121 1123
Radiation fibrosis, pulmonary 299
Radiation myocarditis 400 1600
Radiation pericarditis 408 1600
Radiation pneumonitis 298–299 1600
Radiation proctitis 555 556 1683
Radiation sickness 1600
Radiation therapy 1659–1660
for acromegaly/gigantism 1112
of augmented breast 705
for basal cell carcinoma 130
for bladder cancer 968
for breast cancer 718 721
arm edema after 725
recommendations regarding 718
with chemotherapy See Chemoradiation therapy
for endometrial carcinoma 739
for esophageal cancer 578 578–579 579
fractionated 1659
for Hodgkin's disease 514 515
intensity modulated 1659
for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma 212 213
for leptomeningeal disease 1690
leukemia caused by 508 1601
for lung cancer 271
pulmonary fibrosis and 299
lung injury and 298–299
pericarditis caused by 408 1600
pneumonitis and 298–299 1600
for prolactinoma 1115
for prostate cancer 965
secondary malignancy and 1601 1644–1645 1660
for spinal cord compression 1689
with surgery 1658 1659
three-dimensional conformal 1659
for prostate cancer 965
for thyroid cancer 1127
toxicity of 1660 1683
prevention/safety measures and 1600–1601
Radioactive iodine
for goiter 1131 1140–1141
for Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism 1139–1140
ophthalmopathy flares and 1140 1141
pregnancy and 781 1139–1140
for thyroid cancer treatment 1126–1127
for thyroid scanning 1117 1118 1121 1125
for whole body scanning, in thyroid cancer followup 1127–1128
Radioactive materials for testing, breast feeding and 786
Radiocontrast media
iodinated, for Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism 1139
reactions to 795
nephrotoxicity/renal failure caused by 903
Radiofrequency ablation techniques
for arrhythmias 371
atrial fibrillation 371 377
atrial flutter 378
paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 373
preexcitation syndromes 374
ventricular tachycardia 371 380
for benign prostatic hyperplasia (TUNA) 961
for breast cancer 1658
for gastroesophageal reflux disease 549
for trigeminal neuralgia 979
Radioiodine See Radioactive iodine
Radioiodine thyroid scans and uptake 1117 1118
false-positive/false-negative 1125
in goiter 1130
in Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism 1117 1118 1138
amiodarone-induced 1136 1137
in nodule evaluation 1117 1120 1121
in thyroid cancer 1117 1125
postoperative/surveillance 1126 1127–1128
in thyroiditis 1145
Radiolabeled antibodies, for cancer therapy 1660 1667–1668
Radionuclide angiography
in angina 345
in cardiac failure 390
in myocardial infarction 357
Radionuclide scanning See specific type
Radiosurgery
cyberknife 1659
gamma/gamma knife See Gamma knife radiation/gamma radiosurgery
Radiotherapy See Radiation therapy
Radon, lung cancer associated with exposure to 267 297 1601
RAEB See Refractory anemia with excess blasts
Rage attacks, seizures differentiated from 982
Ragged red fibers, in mitochondrial myopathies 1037
RAI scans, thyroid See Radioiodine thyroid scans and uptake
Rai staging system, for chronic lymphocytic leukemia 510
Rales See Crackles
Raloxifene 1189
in breast cancer prevention 706 1652
for osteoporosis 1157 1189
Raltitrexed 1666
Ramipril 434
Ramsay Hunt syndrome 1356
in HIV infection/AIDS 194
myoclonus in 1012
Ranitidine 588–589
Ranke complex, in tuberculosis 258
Ranson's criteria 694
Rape 758–760 1081
gamma-hydroxybutyrate (“date rape” drug) use and 1625
sexually transmitted disease and 759 1297–1298
statutory 759
Rape trauma syndrome 759
Rapid-acting insulin 1212 1213–1214 1213 1214 1218
in mixtures/combination therapy 1215 1218 1219
Rapid antigen testing, in pharyngitis 205 1400 1401
Rapid cyclers, in bipolar disorder 1067
Rapid detoxification, for opioid withdrawal 1087
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep 1078
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder 1080
Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test See RPR test
Rapidly progressive acute glomerulonephritis 914–915 917
ras oncogene, thyroid tumors and 1123
Rasburicase, for hyperuricemia/urate nephropathy in cancer patients 1691–1692
Rashes See also specific type or cause
in dermatomyositis 840
drugs causing (dermatitis medicamentosa) 146–149 147–149
fungal, in HIV infection/AIDS 1328
heat causing (miliaria) 119–120
photodistributed (photodermatitis) 92 139–140
in Still's disease 833
in systemic lupus erythematosus 834 835
viral 1355–1356
Rat-bite fever 1455
Rat fleas See Fleas
Rate control (pharmacologic)
for atrial fibrillation 376 377
cardioversion compared with 376–377
for atrial flutter 378
Rattlesnake envenomation 1635–1636
P.1856
Rauwolfia derivatives, antidepressant drug interactions and 1074
Raynaud's disease/phenomenon 464–466
scleroderma and 465 838 839
RB-ILD See Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease
RBC See Erythrocyte count
RDAs (recommended dietary allowances) 1253
Reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome 854–855
cyclosporiasis and 1477
dysentery and 854
gonorrhea and 1432
HIV infection/AIDS and 855 857
HLA in 801 851 854
shigellosis and 1427
Reactive cervical lymphadenopathy 215
Reactive (postprandial) hypoglycemia 1234 1234 1238
after ethanol ingestion 1238
Rebound tenderness, in appendicitis 612
Recall See Memory
RECIST criteria, for response of tumor to therapy 1686
Recklinghausen's disease 1006
Recombinant growth factors See Growth factors
Recombinant human TSH/rhTSH See Thyrotropin-a
Recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA), in hepatitis C 655
Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator See Tissue plasminogen activator
Recombivax-HB See Hepatitis B vaccine
Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) 1253
Recompression See also Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
for acute high-altitude pulmonary edema 1604
for decompression/dysbaric illness 1603
Reconstructive surgery
after burn injury 1598
genital, for transsexuals 1054
after mastectomy 718 725–726
local recurrence and 705 725
vascular See Bypass grafting
Recrudescent epidemic typhus (Brill's disease) 1392 1393
Recrudescent malaria 1486
Recruitment, in cochlear dysfunction 189–190
Rectal biopsy, in intestinal amebiasis 1469
Rectal bleeding 554 555
hemorrhoids causing 555 644
Rectal examination
in colorectal cancer screening 15
in constipation 542
in fecal incontinence 647
in male 934
in acute bacterial prostatitis 940
in benign prostatic hyperplasia 956–957 957
in prostate cancer screening/evaluation 15 962 963 1656
Rectal prolapse 646
hemorrhoids differentiated from 644
Rectal (Blumer's) shelf, in gastric cancer 597
Rectal temperature See Core temperature
Rectal ulcer, solitary 646
Rectocele 741
Rectum See also under Rectal
cancer of 638 1664
adjuvant therapy for 640
surgical excision and 639–640
carcinoid tumors of 611
disorders of 615–643
constipation and 542
gonococcal infection 645 1431 1432
Recurrent (habitual) abortion 769
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
damage to during thyroid surgery 1126 1140
vocal cord paralysis caused by lesions of 213
Recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation 377
Recurrent vestibulopathy 191
Red blood cells See under Red cell and Erythrocytes
Red bugs, skin lesions caused by 136
Red cell aplasia, pure 489
cancer-related 1697
Red cell casts 896 897 935
in glomerulonephritis 915
Red cell count
laboratory reference range for 1737 1742
in pleural fluid 301
Red cell mass, in polycythemia 500
Red cell transfusions 533
Red cell volume, laboratory reference range (normal values) for 481 1742
Red eye (inflammation) 150 151 153
drugs for management of 174–175
Red man syndrome 795 1578
Red reflex, assessment of 153
Red top tubes 1743
5a-Reductase deficiency 1171
5a-Reductase inhibitors See Finasteride
Reduction pneumoplasty, for COPD 242–243
Reduviid (triatomine) bugs, Chagas' disease transmitted by 1465–1466
REE See Resting energy expenditure
Reed-Sternberg cells 514
Reentry, arrhythmias caused by 367
accessory atrioventricular pathways and, in preexcitation syndromes 374
altered automaticity and 367
paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 372–373
ventricular premature beats 379
Refeeding, for protein-energy malnutrition 1266
Refeeding edema 1266
Reference ranges, for diagnostic/laboratory tests 1735–1743
Referrals See Consultations/referrals
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (complex regional pain syndrome) 466–467 822–823
Reflux
gastroesophageal See Gastroesophageal reflux disease
hepatojugular 314
laryngopharyngeal, hoarseness and 210 566
vesicoureteral, tubulointerstitial disease caused by 926 927
Reflux esophagitis See Esophagitis
Reflux nephropathy 926 927
Refractive errors 153–154
Refractory anemia 506
Refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) 506 507
Refractory atrial fibrillation 377
Refractory ulcers 591
gastric cancer and 591 598
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma) and 591 595
Refsum's disease 1024
Regional hyperthermia
as adjunct to radiation therapy 1660
for benign prostatic hyperplasia 961
Regional poison control centers 1607
Regular insulin 1212 1213 1214 1214 1218
in mixtures 1213 1215
Regurgitation 538
in achalasia 579
in gastroesophageal reflux disease 566
in Zenker's diverticulum 573
Rehydration See Fluid management/hydration
Reid sleeves 477
Reiki 1709
Reiter's syndrome See Reactive arthritis
Rejection (transplant), renal allograft 802
Relafen See Nabumetone
Relapsing fever 1454–1455 1554
Relapsing polychondritis 181 850–851
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis 1014
Relapsing syphilis 1443 1449
Relative afferent pupillary defect 152
REM sleep 1078
REM sleep behavior disorder 1080
Remeron See Mirtazapine
Remicade See Infliximab
Remodulin See Trepostinol
Renal angiography/arteriography 900
in renal artery stenosis/renal vascular hypertension 460 914
Renal artery aneurysm 450–451
Renal artery stenosis 460–461 913–914
hypertension caused by 423 460 914
renal insufficiency/prerenal azotemia and 460 901
Renal biopsy 900
in focal segmental glomerular sclerosis 920 922
in nephritic syndrome 915 917
in nephrotic syndrome 920 920
in Wegener's granulomatosis 848
Renal cell carcinoma 969–970 969 1664
hematuria in 936 969 970
paraneoplastic syndromes associated with 970 1696–1697
Renal colic/pain 931
back pain and 817
urinary stones causing 944
Renal cysts 927–929 927
acquired 927
in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease 927 928
infected 928
in juvenile nephronophthisis-medullary cystic disease 927 929
in medullary sponge kidney 927 928–929
simple/solitary 927–928 927
Renal disease See also Nephritis; Nephropathy; Renal failure
acidosis in See Renal tubular acidosis
acute 896 900–906 901
aging and 930
alkalosis in alkali administration and 892
approach to patient with 896–900
biopsy in 900
chronic 896 906–914 907 908 909
coxsackievirus infection and 1390
cystic 927–929 927
in diabetes See Diabetic nephropathy
glomerular 914–921
glomerular filtration rate in 898–899 898 899
in gout 811 930
P.1857
hematuria in 896 897 935–936
in Henoch-Sch nlein purpura 850 917–918 917
hepatitis C infection and 924
hypermagnesemia and 884
hypertension caused by 422–423
hypertension causing 425
imaging studies in 899–900
lithium associated with 1076
in lupus erythematosus 835 835 924
in microscopic polyangiitis 849 916 918
in myeloma 904 929
nephritic 914 914–915 916 917
nephrotic 914 919–921 920
NSAIDs causing 830
preoperative evaluation/management of patient with 46 46
proteinuria in 896 896–897
in scleroderma 838–839 839
sickle cell syndromes and 929–930
toxic drug effects and See Nephrotoxicity
in tuberculosis 930
tubulointerstitial 925–927 925
urinalysis in 896–897 897
in Wegener's granulomatosis 848 916 918
Renal failure
acid-base disorders in 888 901 909
acute 896 900–906 901
postoperative 46 46
anemia in 896 901 910
antimicrobial dosage adjustment and 1558–1559
bone disease and 911 1150
cancer chemotherapy and 904
cardiac failure and 389
chronic 896 906–914 907 908 909
lipid abnormalities and 1244
postoperative complications in patients with 46
cirrhosis and (hepatorenal syndrome) 671–672
diabetes and 911 923 1222
dialysis for 912–913
dietary management in 911–912
glomerulonephritis causing 901 905–906
in gout 811
in heat stroke 1595
in hemolytic-uremic syndrome 522
hemorrhagic fever with 1376
hypercalcemia/hyperparathyroidism and 880 908 1150 1151
hyperkalemia in 901 908–909
hyperphosphatemia and 882 883 901 1150
hypertension in 907 908 909
hypocalcemia and 878 901
interstitial nephritis causing 901 905
intrinsic 901 902
ischemic 902–903
in malaria (severe P falciparum infection) 1497
in mercury poisoning 1627
in myeloma 904
myoglobinuria/rhabdomyolysis and 843 903
neurologic disorders/neuropathy and 910–911 1025
pericarditis and (uremic pericarditis) 408 909–910
in peritonitis 561–562
postrenal azotemia 901 902
prerenal azotemia 901–902 901
protein-restricted diet for 911–912 1279
pruritus in 133 907
reversible causes of 908 908
transplantation for 802 913
tubular necrosis causing 901 902–905
in Wegener's granulomatosis 848
Renal glycosuria 1201
Renal hypercalciuria 944 945
Renal imaging 899–900
in dysuria evaluation 34
in urinary stone disease 945
Renal osteodystrophy 911 1150 1154
Renal pain See Renal colic
Renal pelvis, cancer of 969
hematuria in 936 969
Renal plasma flow, radionuclide studies in evaluation of 899
Renal scanning 899
Renal stones 947
Renal transplantation 802 913
adenovirus infection and 1386 1387
in diabetic 1216
humanized anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibody in 804
for IgA nephropathy 917
in older adult 930
Renal tubular acidosis 888–889 889 891
genetic defects associated with 874
nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis and 889 944
in tubulointerstitial disease 926
urinary anion gap in 890
Renal tubular cell casts 896 897
Renal tubular necrosis, acute 901 902–905
rhabdomyolysis and 843 903
Renal vascular hypertension 423 460
Renal venography 900
Renin activity (plasma) See Plasma renin activity
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
in cardiac failure 386 391
in hypertension 420–422 422
inhibitors of See Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors; Angiotensin II receptor blocking agents
Renography, in renal artery stenosis 914
Renova See Tretinoin
Repaglinide 1207 1209
Repeat-dose charcoal 1613
Repetitive upper extremity activities, thoracic outlet syndrome and 467 468 816
Reptilase clotting time, laboratory reference range for 1742
Rescriptor See Delavirdine
Rescula See Unoprostone
Reserpine
depression caused by 1067
for hypertension 437 438
monoamine oxidase inhibitor interactions and 1074
Residual capacity, functional (FRC) 223
Residual schizophrenia 1057
Residual volume (RV) 223
in COPD 238
Resin T3/T4 uptake 1118
factors affecting 1119
in hyperthyroidism 1118 1137
in hypothyroidism 1118
in pregnancy 1142
Resistance, microbial See Drug resistance
Resistant hypertension 441–442 442
Resistin
insulin action in obesity and 1196
thiazolidinediones affecting release of 1210
Resolution stage of sexual activity 1052
Resorptive hypercalciuria 944 945
Respiration See Breathing; Ventilation
Respiratory acidosis (hypercapnia) 886 893
in COPD 238 242
in cystic fibrosis 245
dyspnea and 218
metabolic alkalosis and 892 893
in mixed disorder 885
permissive 308
for asthma 237
Respiratory alkalosis (hypocapnia) 886 893–894 894
in asthma 228
in hyperventilation syndromes 305
mechanical ventilation and 308
metabolic acidosis and 890 894
in mixed disorder 885
in pulmonary embolism 281
salicylate overdose/toxicity causing 1634
Respiratory bronchiolitis 247
Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD) 276–278 277
Respiratory depression, opioids causing 79
double effect and 69
Respiratory distress syndrome, acute/adult See Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory failure 306–309 307
acidosis in 893
asthma exacerbation and 229 237
in botulism 1411
in burn injury 1598
COPD and 242
drug-induced 298
electric shock causing 1599
in near drowning 1602
in poliomyelitis 1367
in SARS 1385
stress gastritis and 309 583
Respiratory rate 221
in pulmonary embolism 282
Respiratory rhythm 221
Respiratory syncytial virus 1381–1382
Respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin 1382
Respiratory tract infection See Pulmonary disorders, infections
Rest See also Bed rest; Immobility
requirements for during pregnancy 765
for rheumatoid arthritis 829
Rest pain
in lower extremity occlusive disease 453
in thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) 462
Resting energy expenditure (REE) 1253 1281
Restless legs syndrome 1013
Restlessness, terminal 81
Restoril See Temazepam
Restraints, for aggressive/violent patient 1082
Restrictive cardiomyopathy See Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive lung disease, in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) disease 275
Resuscitation See Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Resynchronization (biventricular pacing), for cardiac failure 396
ret oncogene
in medullary thyroid carcinoma 1124 1127
in multiple endocrine neoplasia 1192
in papillary thyroid carcinoma 1123
in pheochromocytoma 1175
Retardation See Mental retardation
Retention, urinary See Urinary retention
Reteplase, for myocardial infarction 358 359
Reticulocyte count, laboratory reference range for 1742
P.1858
Reticulocytosis
in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency 492
in hemolytic anemia 490 495
in hereditary spherocytosis 491
in sickle cell anemia 493
Reticulosis, polymorphic (midline malignant) 201
Retin-A/Retin A Micro See Tretinoin
Retina
detachment of 163–164
in age-related macular degeneration 165
in cytomegalovirus retinitis 168 1360
eosinophilic granuloma of, in toxocariasis (visceral larva migrans) 1534–1535
examination of 153
in hypertension 426
systemic diseases affecting 166–168
Retinal artery occlusion, central and branch 166
Retinal circulation, hypertension affecting (hypertensive retinochoroidopathy) 167–168
Retinal drusen, in age-related macular degeneration 164
Retinal emboli, amaurosis fugax caused by 166
Retinal hemorrhage, in blood dyscrasias 168
Retinal necrosis, varicella zoster virus causing 1356–1357
Retinal pigment epithelial detachment, in age-related macular degeneration 165
Retinal tears, detachment and 163
Retinal vasculitis 162
Retinal vein occlusion, central and branch 165–166
Retinitis 162
cytomegalovirus 168 1325 1360 1361
in HIV infection/AIDS 168 1325
hydroxychloroquine causing 832
Retinoblastoma 999
Retinochoroiditis, toxoplasmic 1499 1500
Retinochoroidopathy
birdshot, HLA in 801
hypertensive 167–168
Retinoic acid See also Tretinoin
Retinoic acid receptor, in promyelocytic leukemia 508
Retinoid X receptor, bexarotene activation of 1669
Retinoids See also specific agent and Vitamin A
for acne 116
adverse ocular effects of 179
in cancer chemotherapy 1669
in cancer prevention 1648 1649
Retinol See Vitamin A
Retinopathy
diabetic 167 1221
glycemic control and 167 1202 1204
in hemoglobin SC disease 168
high-altitude 1605
“pizza-pie,” in cytomegalovirus infection 1360
sickle cell 168
Retrobulbar optic neuritis 169
Retrocecal appendicitis 613
Retrograde ejaculation 951
in infertility 954
Retroileal appendicitis 613
Retrovir See Zidovudine
Revascularization procedures See also specific type and Bypass grafting
coronary 349–352
for acute coronary syndromes 354 354
for angina 349–352
for cardiac failure 395–396
for myocardial infarction 354 354 360 366
after thrombolytic therapy 359–360
prophylactic/preoperative 38 39 415
for traumatic injuries 414
for erectile dysfunction 454 952
laser transmyocardial 351
for lower extremity occlusive disease 454–455
Reversal reactions, in leprosy 1440
Reverse T3 1119
Reverse transcriptase
in HIV infection 1320
inhibitors of See Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; Nucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitors; Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Revlimid See Lenalidomide
Rewarming
for frostbite 1592
for immersion syndrome 1592
for systemic hypothermia 1590–1591 1608
Reyataz See Atazanavir
Reye's disease/syndrome 1356 1383
aspirin use and 1356 1357 1383
influenza vaccination and 1310
Reynold's pentad 688
Rezulin See Troglitazone
RF See Rheumatoid factor
Rho (D) immune globulin 783
after delivery 783
after ectopic pregnancy 770 783
after elective abortion 758 783
after spontaneous abortion 768 783
Rh incompatibility
hemolytic disease of newborn caused by 783
testing for 533
Rh typing
during pregnancy 765
for transfusions 533
Rhabdomyolysis 843–844
acute tubular necrosis and 843 903
in electric burns/crush injuries 843 903 1597
in heat stroke 1594 1595
in hypophosphatemia 881 882
statin drugs causing 841 843 1102
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment 163 164
Rheumatic carditis/rheumatic valvulitis 405 406
Rheumatic diseases See also specific disease
autoantibodies in 799 836
cancer and 862–863
HIV infection/AIDS and 857 1325
Rheumatic fever 405–407
arthritis in 405
rheumatoid arthritis differentiated from 829
prevention of 205 406 1401
streptococcal pharyngitis and 405 1400 1401
Rheumatic heart disease 406
valvular involvement and 325 336 405 406
Rheumatism, palindromic 863
Rheumatoid arthritis 827–833
autoantibodies in 799 828 836
differential diagnosis of 828–829
ankylosing spondylitis and 852
gouty/tophaceous arthritis and 812 828
osteoarthritis and 809 828
septic arthritis and 828
HLA in 801 827
neuropathies associated with 828 1026
Still's disease and 833
tendon rupture in 864
Rheumatoid factor 799 828 836
in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease 276
in polymyositis/dermatomyositis 836 841
in rheumatoid arthritis 799 828 836
in Sj gren's syndrome 836 842
Rheumatoid nodules 827 828
gouty tophi differentiated from 812 828
Rheumatoid pleural effusion 301
Rhinitis
allergic (hay fever) 197–198 788–791
conjunctivitis and 157
nasal polyps and 197 200
medicamentosa 194 789
nasopharyngeal/paranasal sinus cancer and 201
viral (common cold) 194–195 1387
cough in 219
echinacea for 1712 1716
over-the-counter remedies for, in elderly 65–66
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis 197
Rhinophyma, in rosacea 118
Rhizopus infection (mucormycosis) 1545
rhinocerebral 197
Rhizotomy
for spasticity 1016
for trigeminal neuralgia 979
Rhodesian trypanosomiasis 1463–1465
Rhonchi 221
rhTSH/recombinant human TSH See Thyrotropin-a
rhuMAb VEGF antibody See Bevacizumab
Rhus antigen, in allergic contact dermatitis, prevention and 114
Riamet (artemether-lumefantrine) 1495
RIBA See Recombinant immunoblot assay
Ribavirin 1353 1587–1588
for hepatitis C 657 661–662 1588
renal disease and 924
for influenza 1353 1384
for respiratory syncytial virus infection 1353 1382 1587
for SARS 1385 1587
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) 1273
dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for 1254
mental changes associated with deficiency of 1103
Ribonucleoprotein protein (RNP) antibody 799
Rice, Bacillus cereus contamination of 1300 1302
Rice water stool, in cholera 1428
Richter's syndrome 510
Ricin, as chemical warfare agent 1622
Ricinus communis (castor bean), ricin toxicity and 1622
Rickets
hypophosphatemic (vitamin D-resistant) 874 1159
vitamin D-dependent 1159
Rickettsia (rickettsial diseases) 1355–1356 1391–1398 1392 1554
africae 1392 1396
akari 1392 1396
australis 1392 1396
conorii 1392 1396
felis 1392 1396
japonica 1396
myocarditis in 398 399
prowazekii 1391–1393 1392
rickettsii 1392 1395
sibirica 1392 1396
typhi 1392 1393–1394
P.1859
Rickettsial fever (tick typhus) 1392 1396
Rickettsialpox 1392 1396
Rickettsiosis, California flea 1392
Riedel's thyroiditis/struma 1145 1146
Rifabutin
antiretroviral agent interactions and 1323
for MAC prophylaxis/treatment in HIV infection/AIDS 1335 1347 1437
Rifampin 260
for anthrax prophylaxis/treatment 1412 1413
antiretroviral agent interactions and 1323
benzodiazepine interactions and 1046
for elimination of meningococcal carrier state 1421
for leprosy 1440
therapy adjustments in renal or hepatic failure and 1559
for tuberculosis 260–261 260 261
in bone and joint disease 861
in latent disease/prophylactic 263
in pregnancy 262 781
Rift Valley fever 1371 1376
Right heart catheterization 317
Right heart failure 386
cor pulmonale and 412
liver in 389 680
Right middle lobe syndrome 226
Right ventricular dysplasia, arrhythmogenic 401
Right ventricular infarction 363–364
Rigid bronchoscopy 225
Rigidity, in parkinsonism 1007
Riluzole, for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1023
Rimantadine, for influenza treatment/prevention 1353 1384 1586
Rimexolone, for ophthalmic disorders 175
Ring shadow sign, in analgesic nephropathy 926
Ringer's lactate See Fluid management/hydration
Ringworm See Tinea
Rinne test 180
Risedronate
for osteoporosis 1157
for Paget's disease of bone 1162
Risperdal See Risperidone
Risperidone 1059 1060 1060
overdose/toxicity of 1060 1063 1633
Ristocetin cofactor activity
in hemophilia A 525
in von Willebrand's/pseudo-von Willebrand's disease 524 525
Ritonavir 1337 1341 1343
with lopinavir (lopinavir/r) 1338 1341 1342 1343
resistance to 1345
resistance to 1345
Rituximab 804–805 1666–1667 1676
with CHOP regimen 513 1667
for chronic lymphocytic leukemia 511
immunosuppressive action of 804–805
for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 513 1666–1667
Rivastigmine, for dementia 1093
RNA
hepatitis C virus 655 655 660
hepatitis D virus 654
RNA amplification tests, in tuberculosis 258
RNA-directed DNA-polymerase (reverse transcriptase) See Reverse transcriptase
RNA polymerase antibody (anti-RNAP), in scleroderma 839
RNP See Ribonucleoprotein protein (RNP) antibody
Ro/SSA antibody 799 836
in lupus erythematosus 105 799 836
in Sj gren's syndrome 799 836 842–843
Rocaltrol See Calcitriol
Rocephin See Ceftriaxone
Rochalimaea See Bartonella
Rocky Mountain spotted fever 1355 1392 1395–1396
Rodent excreta
hantavirus transmission and 1378
lymphocytic choriomeningitis transmission and 1373 1374
Rodent fleas See Fleas
Rodent mites See Mites
Rodent tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta) 1508 1509
Rodent ticks See Ticks
Rodenticide poisoning, anticoagulant toxicity and 1618–1619
Rofecoxib, withdrawal of from market 74 587
Roma a's sign 1466
Romano-Ward syndrome 381
Romberg test 190
Rooke boots 463
Roos test 467
Ropinirole, for parkinsonism 1009
Rorschach psychodiagnostics 1040
Rosacea 117–118
acne 115
steroid 91 118
Rose spots, in enteric (typhoid) fever 1425
Roseola (exanthema subitum) 1355 1362
Rosiglitazone 1208 1210–1211
with metformin 1208 1211
Ross procedure
for aortic regurgitation 336
for aortic stenosis 334
postoperative pulmonic stenosis and 318
Rosuvastatin 1250 1251
Rotator cuff disorders/tendinitis 823–824
Rotaviruses, gastroenteritis caused by 1299 1389
Roth spots, in endocarditis 1415 1416
Rotor's syndrome 651
Rouleau formation
in myeloma 515
in Waldenstr m's macroglobulinemia 517
Roundworm infections See also specific type
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, for obesity 14 1269
Rowasa See Mesalamine
Roxanol See Morphine
Roxicodone See Oxycodone
RPR test 1444–1445
antiphospholipid antibody/lupus anticoagulant affecting 837
in HIV infection/AIDS 1332 1452
in newborn 1453
RR cycle length, variability of, in arrhythmia evaluation 367
RSV See Respiratory syncytial virus
rt-PA See Tissue plasminogen activator
rT3 See Reverse T3
RT3U See Resin T3/T4 uptake
RTA See Renal tubular acidosis
RU 486 See Mifepristone
Rubber band ligation See also Banding (band/variceal ligation)
for hemorrhoids 644
Rubella 1355 1368–1369
arthritis associated with 858 1368
congenital 1368 1369
immunization against 1304–1306 1305–1306 1307–1309 1369
joint pain/arthritis and 858 1306 1369
during pregnancy 1304 1306 1308 1369
during pregnancy 1368 1368–1369
Rubeola See Measles
Rubeotic (neovascular) glaucoma, retinal vein occlusion and 165
Rufen See Ibuprofen
Rugger jersey spine 1151
Rule of nines 1595 1595
corticosteroid use and 86
Rumination 538
Running, overuse syndromes of knee and 825
Russell's viper venom clotting time
laboratory reference range for 1742
for lupus anticoagulant detection 532 776 837
RV (residual volume) 223
in COPD 238
RVA (rabies vaccine adsorbed) 1314
RVV/RVVT See Russell's viper venom clotting time
RXR See Retinoid X receptor
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