C

cache mode

A new feature in Outlook 2003 that allows clients to work disconnected from the Exchange server. Outlook will periodically reconnect to the Exchange server and synchronize any changes to the user ‚ s mailbox.

Categorizer

A component of the Exchange Server 2003 routing engine used to resolve the sender and recipient for a message, expanding any distribution groups as needed. In previous versions of Exchange Server, this task was performed by the MTA.

centralized model

An administrative model in which one administrator or group of administrators maintains complete control over an entire Exchange organization.

certificate

Allows verification of the claim that a given public key actually belongs to a given individual. This helps prevent someone from using a phony key to impersonate someone else. A certificate is similar to a token.

Certificate Authority (CA)

The central authority that distributes, publishes, and validates security keys. The Windows Server 2003 Certificates Services component performs this role. See also public key, private key.

Certificate Revocation List (CRL)

A list containing all certificates in an organization that have been revoked .

Certificate Store

A database created during the installation of a Certificate Authority (CA) that is a repository of certificates issued by the CA.

certificate templates

Stored in Active Directory and define the attributes for certificates.

Certificate Trust List (CTL)

Holds the set of root CAs whose certificates can be trusted. You can designate CTLs for groups, users, or an entire domain.

challenge/response

A general term for a class of security mechanisms, including Microsoft authentication methods , that use Windows Server 2003 network security and an encrypted password.

change number

One of the constructs used to keep track of public folder replication throughout an organization and to determine whether a public folder is synchronized. The change number is made up of a globally unique identifier for the Information Store and a change counter that is specific to the server on which a public folder resides.

checkpoint file

The file ( EDB.CHK ) that contains the point in a transaction log that is the boundary between data that has been committed and data that has not yet been committed to an Exchange database.

child domain

Any domain configured underneath another domain in a domain tree.

circular logging

The process of writing new information in transaction log files over information that has already been committed. Instead of repeatedly creating new transaction logs, the Exchange database engine ‚“circles back ‚½ and reuses log files that have been fully committed

to the database. Circular logging keeps down the number of transaction logs on the disk. These logs cannot be used to re-create a database because the logs do not have a complete set of data. The logs contain only the most recent data not yet committed to a database. Circular logging is disabled by default.

Client Access License (CAL)

Gives a user the legal right to access an Exchange server. Any client software that has the ability to be a client to Microsoft Exchange Server is legally required to have a CAL purchased for it.

client/server messaging

A system in which tasks are divided between the client processes and server processes. Each side works to accomplish specific parts of the task.

cluster

A group of servers (also called nodes) that function together as a single unit.

Clustering

A Windows service that enables multiple physical servers to be logically grouped together for reasons of fault tolerance.

cluster resource

A service or property, such as a storage device, an IP address, or the Exchange System Attendant service, that is defined, monitored , and managed by the cluster service.

coexistence

When two different systems of any type are present on the same network. For example, Exchange Server 2003 can coexist with Lotus Notes or previous versions of Exchange.

committed

When a transaction is transferred from a transaction log to an Exchange database, it has been committed.

Computer Management snap-in

An administrative tool holding a variety of utilities, including Event Viewer and disk management tools.

connection agreement

Defined for an Active Directory Connector to replicate specified directory objects on an Exchange 5. x server to the Active Directory and can even be configured to replicate at certain times.

connector

Components that manage the transport of data between Exchange routing groups (e.g., the routing group connector) or between Exchange and a foreign messaging system (e.g., the X.400 Connector or Lotus Notes Connector).

contact

A recipient object that represents a foreign message recipient. Contacts appear in the Global Address List (GAL) and allow Exchange clients to address messages to foreign mail users.

container object

An object in the Exchange or Active Directory hierarchy that contains and groups together other objects. For example, the organization object in System Manager is a container object that contains all other objects in the organization.

contiguous namespace

When multiple entities share a common namespace. For example, Windows Server 2003 domain trees share a contiguous namespace; domain forests do not.

convergence

The process during which the active nodes in a cluster calculate a new, stable state among themselves after the failure of one or more cluster nodes.

copy backup

During a copy backup, all selected files are backed up, regardless of how their archive bit is set. After the backup, the archive bit is not changed in any file.

cost value

Connectors are assigned cost values that bias them relative to other connectors. For example, Exchange Server would route a message over a connector with a cost value of 1 before a connector with a cost value of 5.

Custom installation

An installation type for which you choose the specific components that will be installed.