h. Germany | The Usborne Internet-Linked Encyclopedia of World History

CONTENTS · SUBJECT INDEX · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD

The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001.

Subject Index

Page 72

Sonnino, Sidney: 1225, 1746, 1746, 1771, 1784, 1784.
Sonora: 904, 2296, 3703.
Sons of Liberty: 941, 943.
Sontoku, Ninomiya, philosopher: 1437.
Soo Canal, U.S.: 1583.
Soor, battle of: 660.
Sophagaesenus, Indian ruler: 214.
Sophia, Byzantine empress: 428.
Sophia, princess of Hanover: 682.
Sophia, regent of Russia: 784, 784.
Sophia, wife of Ivan the Great: 629.
Sophists, Greek philosophers: 186.
Sophocles, Greek playwright: 186.
Sophoulis, Themostokles, Greek leader: 3208, 3209.
Sorai, Ogy, Japanese philosopher: 859.
Sorbon, Robert de, theologian: 452.
Sorbonne, Paris: 452, 2859.
Sorby, Henry Clifton, English geologist: 984.
Sorel, and introduction of galvanized iron: 983.
Sorel, Georges, anarchist: 1143, 1145, 1195.
Sorzano, Luis Tejada, Bolivian leader: 2255.
Sosa, Yon, Guatemalan leader: 3652.
Sseki, Natsume, writer: 1471.
Sosibius, minister to Ptolemy IV: 218.
Soso: 352, 353.
Sota, José Manuel de la: 3505.
Sotelo, Leopoldo Calvo, Spanish leader: 2887, 2899, 2899.
Sotho people: 1551, 1552, 1553.
Sotho-Tswana: 365, 890, 890.
Soto, Bernardo, Latin American leader: 1685.
Soto, Marco Aurelio, Latin American leader: 1686.
St Zen Buddhism: 395.
Soubise, duke of, Benjamin de Rohan, Huguenot leader: 599.
Soublette, Carlos, Latin American leader: 1675.
Soulouque, Faustin, Haitian leader: 1696.
Soult, Nicolas, duke of Dalmatia: 1027, 1028, 1028.
sound recording: 990.
Souphanouvong, prince: 4096.
Sousse: 828.
Soustelle, Jacques, French leader: 2852.
South, U.S.: 579, 961, 1563, 1563, 1565, 1575, 1578, 1596, 1598, 1598, 1605, 1611; Civil War, 1586, 1586, 1587, 1587, 1589, 1590, 1590; Reconstruction, 1592, 1592, 1593; discrimination in, 1604, 1604.
South Africa: 19, 19, 24, 25, 38, 365, 578, 596, 703, 713, 869, 891, 891, 961, 970, 971, 1162, 1162, 1162, 1505, 1506, 1506, 1529, 1549, 1553, 1556, 1557, 1558, 1558, 1699, 1768, 2229, 2554, 2554, 2574, 2576, 2576, 2576, 2577, 2577, 2578, 2578, 2578, 2579, 2636, 2638, 2641, 2648, 2663, 2664, 2667, 2667, 2668, 2673, 2673, 2674, 2682, 2682, 2683, 2684, 2686, 2687, 2688, 2689, 2694, 2696, 2697, 2698, 2699, 3721, 4315, 4316, 4316, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4326, 4344, 4353, 4353, 4371, 4400, 4410, 4414, 4416, 4426, 4436, 4436, 4436, 4437, 4437, 4438, 4438, 4438, 4438, 4450, 4457, 4458, 4459, 4462, 4462, 4462, 4462, 4462, 4462, 4463, 4464, 4465, 4465, 4465, 4467, 4467, 4469, 4470, 4470, 4470, 4470, 4470, 4470, 4471, 4471, 4472, 4472, 4473, 4473, 4473, 4473, 4473, 4473, 4473, 4474, 4475, 4475, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4477, 4477, 4478, 4480, 4480, 4480, 4482, 4483, 4483, 4483, 4483, 4484, 4485, 4487, 4488, 4488, 4489, 4489, 4489, 4490, 4490; consolidation of, 1558; Union of, 1558; WWI, 2574, 2575, 2575, 2575; makeup, 2577; WWII, 2580, 2580; republic, 4477.
South African Defence Force: 4458, 4473.
South African Native Affairs Commission: 1558.
South African Native Clothing Workers' Union: 2578.
South African Native National Congress: 1559.
South African Native Peoples Congress: 2554.
South African Parliament: 4455.
South African Party: 1560, 2574.
South African Students Organization, SASO: 4477.
South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission: 2694, 4470.
South African War: 970, 971, 973, 1124, 1142, 1162, 1162, 1237, 1497, 1498, 1506, 1558, 1639.
South America: 28, 34, 34, 34, 40, 40, 41, 281, 570, 572, 573, 573, 575, 578, 579, 584, 602, 659, 889, 909, 914, 919, 956, 957, 1043, 1546, 1658, 1721, 2242, 2248, 2292, 2647, 2855, 3477, 3478, 3480, 3598, 3628, 3629; WWI, 1795, 1795; free trade, 3467, 3479; and Alfredo Stroessner, model for dictators, 3523.
South American antiwar pact: 2242.
Southampton, Virginia: 1575.
Southampton, 3rd earl of, Henry Wriothesley, English leader: 590.
South Arabia: 126, 126, 128, 128.
South Arabian League: 3891.
South Arcot: 337.
South Asia: 48, 67, 68, 279, 324, 324, 324, 324, 331, 331, 830, 830, 830, 830, 1394, 1706, 2432, 2432, 2636, 2644, 3950, 3950, 3950; independence, 3950; and Great Britain, 3950, 3950.
South Atlantic: 869, 869, 2045.
South Australia: 1487, 1489, 1492, 1495, 1497, 1497, 1498, 4309.
South Australia Association: 1489.
South Carolina: 574, 905, 938, 938, 940, 951, 1575, 1576, 1584, 1589.
South Carolina Exposition, Calhoun: 1574.
South China Sea: 51, 281, 281.
Southcott, Joanna, millenarian: 690.
South Dakota: 1593, 1603, 2670.
Southeast, U.S.: 33, 53.
Southeast Africa: 4410.
Southeast Asia: 18, 22, 22, 24, 27, 27, 29, 30, 35, 39, 39, 41, 48, 49, 51, 51, 51, 51, 52, 64, 78, 79, 129, 129, 135, 135, 135, 135, 135, 135, 135, 135, 135, 136, 137, 138, 164, 279, 279, 279, 279, 281, 281, 281, 282, 324, 326, 329, 329, 330, 335, 339, 339, 340, 371, 373, 375, 397, 443, 578, 830, 837, 837, 837, 837, 837, 837, 839, 839, 841, 841, 844, 847, 849, 863, 864, 867, 867, 953, 1394, 1402, 1402, 1402, 1402, 1410, 1706, 1706, 2432, 2448, 2527, 2528, 2634, 2643, 2644, 2780, 2959, 4047, 4047, 4048, 4113, 4223, 4241, 4241, 4256, 4266, 4302, 4315; postclassical society, 339, 339, 339, 340, 340, 340; between Wars, 2448, 2448; WWII, 2448, 2521, 2631; peasant rebellions, 2448; makeup, 2448, 4047, 4047; and China, 2448, 4047; Mainland, 2448; Peninsular and Island, 2455; and U.S., 3400; postwar colonialism, 4047; cold war, 4047; economy, 4047, 4073.
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO): 2637, 2653, 2674, 4097, 4106, 4256, 4264, 4264, 4315.
Southeast Socialist Party, PSS: 2297.
Southern Africa: 45, 349, 364, 888, 890, 1546, 2572, 2663, 2667, 2673, 2674, 2684, 2697, 4455, 4457, 4472.
Southern African Development Coordination Conference, SADCC: 4426, 4438, 4459, 4462, 4465, 4467, 4473, 4490.
Southern Alliance, farmers' organization: 1605.
Southern and Northern dynasties period: 157.
Southern Christian Leadership Conference, U.S.: 3402.
Southern Colonies, U.S.: 938.
Southern Cone Common Market, Mercosur: 2696, 3475, 3475, 3476, 3478, 3549, 3628.
Southern Court: 396, 396, 396.
Southern Han dynasty: 397.
Southern Ireland: 1862, 1863. See Ireland.
Southern Kingdom: 105.
Southern Pacific Railroad: 1601.
Southern Qi dynasty: 158.
Southern Rhodesia: See Rhodesia.
Southern Society, Kiev: 1257.
Southern Song dynasty: 372, 373, 373, 373, 380, 399.
South Germany: 542, 546, 547, 548.
South India: 326.
South Island, New Zealand: 866, 1500, 1502, 1502, 1502, 1503.
South Korea: 1706, 2636, 2637, 2637, 2638, 2640, 2642, 2650, 2650, 2679, 2698, 2698, 3394, 3413, 4065, 4192, 4192, 4192, 4192, 4192, 4193, 4193, 4194, 4194, 4194, 4194, 4194, 4195, 4196, 4197, 4197, 4198, 4198, 4198, 4199, 4199, 4200, 4200, 4201, 4201, 4201, 4201, 4202, 4202, 4202, 4202, 4203, 4203, 4203, 4203, 4203, 4204, 4204, 4205, 4205, 4205, 4205, 4206, 4206, 4207, 4207, 4208, 4209, 4209, 4209, 4209, 4209, 4210, 4210, 4210, 4211, 4211, 4212, 4212, 4212, 4212, 4213, 4213, 4213, 4214, 4214, 4214, 4215, 4216, 4216, 4216, 4217, 4217, 4218, 4218, 4218, 4219, 4219, 4221, 4222, 4222, 4222, 4222, 4236; and China, 4171; and U.S., 4193; April Revolution, 4201; economic change in 1960s–1990s, 4203, 4209, 4212, 4217; CIA (KCIA), 4203, 4209, 4209, 4209; student demonstrations, 4204, 4204, 4204; and Vietnam, 4205, 4266; student unrest, 4209, 4210, 4210, 4212, 4212; makeup, 4212.
South Korean Interim Legislative Assembly: 4190.
south magnetic pole: 997.
South Manchurian Railway: 1424, 1463, 1464, 1465, 2466, 2486.
South Pacific: 14, 1498, 2532, 2551, 4223; WWII, 2629.
South Pacific Commission, SPC: 4283, 4285, 4297.
South Pacific Forum: 4284, 4316.
South Pacific Games: 4283.
South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, Treaty of Raratonga: 4285.
South Persia Rifles: 1751, 2336.
South Pole: 992, 997, 997, 998, 998.
South Sea: See Pacific Ocean.
South Sea Company: 683, 685.
South Tyrol: 1746, 1746, 1785, 1946, 3037.
South Tyrol People's Party: 3037.
South Vietnam: 3413, 3415, 4069, 4081, 4081, 4081, 4085, 4088, 4098, 4099, 4256, 4256, 4261, 4263, 4263, 4263, 4264, 4264, 4264, 4265, 4266, 4266, 4268, 4268, 4268, 4268, 4269, 4269, 4269, 4269, 4270, 4270, 4270, 4271, 4271, 4271, 4272, 4272, 4272, 4272, 4272, 4273, 4273, 4273, 4273, 4274, 4275, 4302; and U.S., 3424; Republic, 4257; student unrest, 4265; and South Korea, 4266. See Vietnam.
Southwest, U.S.: 5, 40, 1600.
Southwest Africa, Namibia: 66, 954, 955, 963, 1554, 1555, 1558, 2554, 2663, 4470, 4470, 4475, 4475, 4475, 4475, 4475, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476. See Namibia.
Southwest Africa House of Assembly: 4455.
South West African People's Organization, SWAPO: 2636, 4470, 4475, 4475, 4475, 4475, 4476, 4476, 4476, 4476.
South Yemen: 3891, 3891, 3891, 3891, 3892, 3892, 3892, 3892, 3892, 3893, 3893, 3893, 3893, 3893, 3893, 3893, 3894, 3894, 3894, 3894, 3895, 3895, 3897; and Great Britain, 3891, 3892, 3892, 3892; royalist-republican civil war, 3891, 3891; makeup, 3892; military expansion, 3893; People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, 3893.
Phouma, Souvanna: 4093, 4095, 4095, 4095, 4096, 4097, 4098, 4098, 4098, 4099.
Souza, Martin Affonso de, explorer: 914.
Souza, Thomé de, Portuguese colonial administrator: 914.
Souza y Menezas, A. M. de, Portuguese envoy to China: 852.
Sovereign Military Hospitaler Order of St. John of Jerusalem, Rhodes, and Malta: 2967.
Soviet-Afghan Treaty: 2346.
Soviet Federation: 2076.
Soviet-Nazi nonagression pact: 2582.
Soviet Protocol: 2593.
Soviet Russia: See Russia.
Soviet Union: 1814. See Russia.
soviet, workers' council: 2067.
Soweto, South Africa: 2673, 4478.
Soyinka, Wole, writer: 2682.
Soyuz, Russian spacecraft: 3287.
Spa: 1971.
Spaak, Paul-Henri, Belgian leader: 1891, 2717, 2722, 2818, 2822.
space exploration, U.S.: 2641, 2655, 2666, 2675, 2677, 2678, 2679, 2679, 2680, 2680, 2682, 2682, 2686, 2703, 2703, 2703, 2704, 3271, 3271, 3273, 3275, 3407, 3408; space station, 2705, 3437, 3441; Russian-American, 3276, 3287; Russia, 3277, 3278, 3279; treaty, 3281; U.S., 3407, 3409, 3432, 3435, 3436; Arab League, 3779; China, 4159; Korea, 4222.
Spa Conference: 1781, 1818, 1975.
Spad 3, French plane: 1766.
Spadolini, Giovanni, Italian leader: 2945.
Spa Fields, England: 1046.
Spagnaletto: See José ~Ribera, artist.
Spain: 22, 33, 53, 55, 110, 228, 229, 230, 231, 231, 231, 232, 232, 232, 232, 232, 233, 233, 234, 237, 240, 241, 241, 241, 241, 243, 243, 245, 246, 246, 246, 251, 253, 257, 260, 265, 265, 271, 279, 281, 281, 281, 285, 287, 290, 291, 292, 292, 293, 299, 315, 315, 319, 321, 321, 322, 322, 322, 323, 323, 323, 323, 344, 403, 403, 403, 403, 404, 404, 410, 418, 420, 427, 429, 434, 453, 453, 456, 466, 468, 469, 475, 475, 480, 505, 511, 525, 572, 573, 575, 575, 578, 578, 579, 579, 582, 584, 584, 584, 585, 588, 589, 589, 590, 590, 590, 590, 591, 595, 595, 595, 595, 595, 595, 595, 597, 597, 597, 597, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 601, 601, 601, 601, 601, 601, 601, 601, 601, 602, 602, 602, 602, 602, 602, 602, 602, 603, 603, 603, 603, 603, 603, 603, 604, 604, 604, 604, 604, 604, 604, 605, 605, 606, 606, 607, 607, 607, 607, 607, 607, 607, 607, 609, 609, 609, 609, 611, 611, 612, 612, 612, 612, 612, 613, 613, 615, 617, 617, 620, 626, 626, 626, 626, 635, 644, 644, 648, 648, 648, 649, 649, 651, 653, 653, 653, 653, 653, 656, 657, 657, 657, 657, 657, 657, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 659, 660, 660, 660, 660, 660, 662, 666, 672, 685, 686, 687, 688, 710, 711, 712, 715, 715, 718, 718, 718, 718, 718, 718, 718, 719, 719, 719, 719, 719, 719, 719, 720, 720, 720, 720, 721, 722, 723, 723, 723, 724, 724, 724, 724, 724, 724, 724, 724, 725, 725, 725, 726, 726, 726, 726, 726, 727, 727, 727, 727, 727, 727, 728, 728, 728, 728, 731, 731, 732, 732, 736, 737, 737, 738, 738, 740, 740, 740, 745, 748, 758, 780, 789, 796, 797, 797, 822, 822, 823, 823, 824, 824, 826, 826, 826, 827, 827, 828, 837, 859, 867, 894, 895, 897, 898, 898, 898, 898, 899, 899, 899, 899, 899, 900, 900, 901, 901, 901, 901, 902, 902, 903, 904, 904, 904, 905, 906, 906, 906, 906, 906, 906, 906, 906, 906, 906, 908, 909, 911, 911, 911, 912, 913, 918, 920, 939, 951, 953, 954, 954, 957, 957, 957, 965, 999, 1005, 1008, 1017, 1018, 1023, 1026, 1027, 1027, 1028, 1030, 1032, 1045, 1045, 1045, 1062, 1062, 1062, 1062, 1062, 1062, 1064, 1066, 1066, 1067, 1100, 1114, 1126, 1128, 1129, 1131, 1182, 1199, 1199, 1199, 1204, 1204, 1206, 1234, 1482, 1507, 1610, 1653, 1656, 1705, 1714, 1824, 1825, 1825, 1825, 1834, 1835, 1835, 1852, 1920, 1929, 1930, 2010, 2317, 2644, 2698, 2703, 2704, 2710, 2711, 2737, 2739, 2744, 2746, 2748, 2752, 2754, 2756, 2777, 2801, 2825, 2832, 2833, 2836, 2885, 2887, 2887, 2888, 2888, 2890, 2890, 2890, 2891, 2891, 2892, 2892, 2893, 2893, 2893, 2894, 2895, 2899, 2899, 2900, 2901, 2902, 2903, 2903, 2903, 2904, 2906, 2906, 2908, 2909, 2911, 2914, 2922, 2922, 2922, 2923, 2923, 2923, 2923, 2924, 2924, 2951, 2997, 3039, 3082, 3476, 3487, 3507, 3521, 3521; and the Americas, 4, 8, 570, 570, 572, 572, 572, 572, 572, 573, 573, 574, 574, 908, 908, 908, 908, 908, 909, 909, 909, 909, 909, 910, 910, 911, 911, 911, 911, 912, 912, 913, 913, 913, 913, 914, 915, 915, 915, 916, 916, 918, 919; exploration, 281, 281; civil war in, 419; Moorish, 475, 475, 476; and Portugal, 529, 1939; and North Africa, 826, 975, 976, 1199, 1205; and Japan, 858, 859, 860; and Pacific Islands, 865, 865, 865, 1478, 1478; and Philippines, 865, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 867, 868, 868, 868, 868, 868, 868, 1480, 1480, 1480, 1480, 1480, 1480, 1480, 1480, 1481, 1481, 1481, 1481, 1481, 1481, 1482, 1485; and Latin America, 894, 894, 894, 894, 895, 895, 895, 907, 907, 907, 1199, 1643, 1643, 1643, 1643, 1644, 1644, 1644, 1645, 1646, 1647, 1648, 1648, 1649, 1649, 1650, 1650, 1650, 1651, 1653, 1653, 1653, 1653, 1653, 1655, 1662, 1663, 1670, 1691, 1693, 1695, 1695, 1695, 1695, 1696; exploration of North America, 903; and North America, 905, 907, 907, 907, 920, 921, 922, 923, 923, 925, 938, 938, 939, 939, 940; and American Revolution, 950; and U.S., 952, 1583; and Mexico, 1199; Republic, 1203, 1925, 1925, 1927, 1927, 1927, 1927, 1927, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1939; and Spanish-American War, 1204, 1609, 1609, 1609; wars with Morocco, 1376, 1377; and Morocco, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1920, 1921, 1929, 2418, 2418, 2418, 2418, 2418, 2418, 2418, 2420, 3920; and Southeast Asia, 1413; and Louisiana, 1567; and Florida, 1574; and Canada, 1623; and Cuba, 1693, 1693, 1693; and Puerto Rico, 1694, 1694, 1694, 1694; Civil War, 1704, 1725, 1726, 1833, 1836, 1912, 1929, 1929, 1929, 1929, 1929, 1929, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1931, 1931, 1931, 1932, 1932, 1932, 1932, 1932, 1939, 1954, 1955, 1990, 2076, 2421; WWI, 1768; after WWI, 1920, 1920, 1922; culture, 1921; and Italy, 1922, 1954; Great Depression, 1925; and Catalonia, 1926; Civil War costs, 1932; WWII, 1932, 1932, 1933, 2590, 2887, 2887; and Russia, 2076; and Africa, 2559, 4338, 4364; post-WWII, 2887, 2891; monarchy, 2887, 2887, 2889, 2891, 2892, 2894, 2897; Economic Stabilization Plan, 2891; economic boom, 2892; free elections, 2896; European currency, 2909, 2910.
Spalirises, Iranian ruler: 130.
Spallanzani, Lazzaro, Italian scientist: 735.
Spanish America: See Latin America.
Spanish-American War: 954, 1204, 1478, 1482, 1482, 1598, 1609, 1609, 1609, 1693.
Spanish Armada: 589, 595, 603, 606.
Spanish Guinea (Rio Muni): 954, 2555, 2892, 4338.
Spanish Inquisition: See Inquisition.
Spanish International: 1202.
Spanish Mark: 411, 477.
Spanish Morocco: See Morocco.
Spanish Overseas Ministry: 1481.
Spanish Sahara: 3921, 3921, 3924. See Sahara.
Spanish Union: 2891.
Sparta: 95, 173, 176, 176, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 179, 179, 179, 179, 179, 179, 184, 185, 185, 186, 187, 187, 187, 187, 189, 189, 189, 189, 189, 189, 190, 190, 190, 190, 191, 191, 191, 192, 192, 192, 193, 193, 193, 193, 195, 196, 196, 196, 196, 196, 196, 196, 197, 197, 197, 197, 197, 197, 198, 198, 198, 198, 198, 198, 198, 198, 199, 199, 199, 199, 199, 199, 199, 199, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 201, 201, 202, 202, 202, 202, 202, 203, 204, 205, 205, 206, 208, 208, 210, 210, 210, 210, 210, 211, 211, 211, 211, 211, 212, 218, 222, 230, 234.
Spartacists, Germany: 1703, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975.
Spartacus, Roman gladiator: 238.
Spartiates: 178, 186, 196.
Special Areas Act, Great Britain: 1846.
Special Circular: 1576.
spectrum analysis: 1151.
Spee, Maximilian von, German vice-admiral: 1795, 1795, 1795.
speed of light: 1147, 1147.
Speenhamland system: 692, 1048, 1048.
Speight, George, Fijian rebel: 4287, 4287.
Speke, John, English explorer: 1508, 1508.
Spemann, Hans, zoologist: 1731.
Spencer, Herbert, philosopher: 1143.
Spencer Bay: 1489.
Spengler, Oswald, philosopher: 1815.
Spenser, Edmund, English poet: 594.
Speransky, Michael, Russian leader: 1256, 1256, 1258.
Spercheios River: 438.
Sperry, Elmer A., inventor: 991.
Sperry Rand Corporation: 2641.
Speyer, Speier: 454, 505, 613, 622.
spheres of influence: 955, 962, 1470; China, 955, 970; Ethiopia, 976; Africa, 1128, 1205, 1523; Persia, 1131; Iran, 1352; Afghanistan, 1356; Arabia, 1363; Siam, 1407; Manchuria, 1465, 1468.
Sphinx: 91.
Sphodrias, Spartan commander: 200.
Spice Islands: 900. See Molucca Islands.
spices: 282, 317.
spice trade: 51; Southeast Asia, 839, 839, 840, 841, 843.
Spichern, battle of: 1185.
Spinola, Ambrose, military commander: 617, 617.
Spinola, Antonio de, Portuguese leader: 2916, 2916.
Spirit of St. Louis, Lindbergh's plane: 991, 2195.
Spiritual Reglament, Russia: 786.
Spitak: 3296.
Spitalfields: 686.
Spitamenes, Persian leader: 207.
Spitsbergen, Svalbard: 992, 995, 997, 2043, 3055.
Split: 260.
Splügen Pass: 537.
Spock, Benjamin, writer: 3390.
spoils system: 1575.
Spoleto: 408, 408, 408.
Sporades: 473.
sports: 959, 1706, 1706, 1706, 2765, 2777, 3617; 1800–1914, 958, 959, 960, 1146; soccer, 959, 2790, 3588; Ireland, 1170; New Zealand, 1505; U.S., 1596, 1610; baseball, 1610, 3458; Canada, 1635, 2219; cricket, 2546; polo, 2555; football and betting pools, 2761; World Cup, 2884; table tennis, 4160, 4279; marathon, 4279; rugby, 4315, 4316, 4316.
Spratly Islands: 4294.
Sprengel, Hermann, developer of high-vacuum mercury pump: 990.
Spring and Autumn Annals: 139, 152.
Spurs, battle of the: 453, 585, 597.
Sputnik I, Russian satellite: 2637, 2641, 2655, 2770, 3271.
Sputnik II, Russian satellite: 3271.
Spychalski, Polish leader: 3099.
Squires, Richard A.: 2235, 2235.
Sravana Belgola: 133.
Sri Lanka: 78, 134, 338, 844, 2636, 2636, 2644, 2679, 3950, 3984, 4026, 4026, 4032, 4032, 4032, 4032, 4032, 4032, 4032, 4032, 4033, 4033, 4033, 4033, 4034, 4034, 4035, 4035, 4035, 4035, 4036, 4036, 4036, 4036, 4037, 4037, 4037, 4037, 4037, 4037, 4037, 4038, 4038, 4038, 4039, 4039, 4039, 4039, 4039, 4039, 4042, 4043; makeup, 4026, 4026, 4026; and Great Britain, 4026. See Ceylon.
Sri Lanka Freedom Party, SLFP: 4028, 4033.
Srimaravarman, ruler of India: 326.
Sringeri, Mysore: 327, 337.
Srivijaya, Sumatra: 279, 329, 336, 336, 339, 339, 339, 840.
Srong-tsan-sgam-po, king of Tibet: 324, 368.
Stablewski, Florian, Prussian prelate: 1269.
Stack, Lee: 2356.
Stadion, Johann von: 1026.
Städtordnung, Prussia: 755.
Staël, Madame de, writer: 1060.
Staffarda, battle of: 653.
Stafford, viscount, William Howard: 676.
Staffordshire: 1049, 1155.
Stahlberg, Kaarlo J., Finnish leader: 2054, 2055.
Stahlhelm: 1986.
Stahremberg, Rüdiger von, Austrian prince: 2009, 2009.
Stakhanov, Alexei, Russian miner: 2075.
Stalin, Joseph V., Soviet dictator: 1699, 1815, 2065, 2068, 2070, 2072, 2072, 2072, 2074, 2077, 2078, 2469, 2477, 2481, 2486, 2621, 2621, 2632, 2634, 2645, 2700, 3013, 3238, 3261, 3262, 3264, 3266, 3267, 3275, 3275, 3277, 3288, 3297, 3381, 3393; death, 3267; attack by Khrushchev, 3270.
Stalingrad: 1993, 2595, 2595, 2595, 2596.
Stamboliski, Alexander, Bulgarian leader: 1306, 2160, 2160, 2161, 2162, 2162, 2162, 2162.
Stambolov, Stephen, Bulgarian leader: 1302, 1302, 1303, 1303, 1304, 1304, 1304, 1304.
Stamford Bridge: 423, 464.
Stamp Act, England: 941, 941, 942.
Stamp Act Congress, New York: 941.
Stamp Tax: 941.
Standard Oil Company: 1618, 2255, 2299; Trust, 1604; New Jersey, 1700, 2248, 2640; California, 2414, 2640; Ohio, 2640.
Stanislas I Leszczynski, king of Poland: 660, 776, 780, 780, 781.
Stanislas II Poniatowski, king of Poland: 776.
Stanislav: 1794, 1803.
Stankevicius, Mindavgas, Lithuanian leader: 3357.
Stanley, Henry M., explorer: 1112, 1509, 1509, 1509, 1509, 1540, 1540, 1541.
Stanley Falls District: 1540.
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, U.S. reformer: 1579, 1594.
Staple Act, England: 939.
Star Chamber, England: 585.
Stargard, Truce of: 665.
Star of the West, U.S. ship: 1585.
Starr, Kenneth: 3438, 3439.
State Bank for Industry and Mining, Turkey: 2326.
State Council, Switzerland: 1094, 2472.
State Gentry Land Bank, Russia: 1261.
State Law and Order Restoration Council, SLORC: 4060, 4061, 4061, 4061.
State-Owned Enterprises Bill, New Zealand: 4317.
State Peace and Development Council, SPDC: 4062, 4062.
State Planning Commission, Gosplan: 3262.
States General, Netherlands: 596, 596, 596, 705, 1053.
States Reorganization Commission: 3960.
states' rights: 1565.
statistical mechanics: 1148.
statistics: 1147, 1148.
Statthalter, Nazi: 1986.
Statute of Drogheda: 585.
Statute of Gloucester: 446.
Statute of Kilkenny, England: 448.
Statute of Laborers, England: 513.
Statute of Mortmain: 446.
Statute of Piotrkow, Poland: 632.
Statute of the Six Articles, England: 587.
Statute of Wales, England: 446.
Statute of Westminster: 446, 1847, 2228, 4315.
Statutory Commission, India: 2437, 2442.
Stauning, Thorvald, Danish leader: 2040, 2041, 2041.
Stauracius, Staurakios: 432, 433.
Stavanger, Norway: 2584.
Stavisky, Alexandre, French swindler: 1910, 1910.
steam carriages: 989.
steam engine: 981, 981.
steamships: 989, 1073, 1329, 1331, 1367, 1489, 1492, 1569, 1635.
steam turbine: 982.
steel: 984, 2187, 2703; alloys, 984.
Steelboys, Irish peasant movement: 701.
steelmaking: 956, 983, 984, 984.
Steen, Jan, Dutch artist: 596.
Stefanopoulos, Constantinos “Costis”: 3230, 3233.
Stein, Aurel, British archaeologist: 1425.
Stein, Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum: 756, 1026.
Stein, Peter, director: 3008.
Steinbeck, John, writer: 2208.
Steinkirk, battle of, Steenkerken: 653.
Stepankert: 3312.
Stepashin, Sergei, Russian leader: 3370.
Stephanopoulos, Stephanos, Greek leader: 3217.
Stephen, son of Henry I of England: 444, 444, 444.
Stephen I, Saint: 454, 486, 491, 491, 491, 491, 492, 1073, 1073.
Stephen II, king of Hungary: 492.
Stephen II, pope: 408, 410.
Stephen V, king of Hungary: 493, 560.
Stephen IX, pope: 467.
Stephen Bathory, king of Poland: 629, 633.
Stephen Dechanski, king of Serbia: 562.
Stephen Lazarevi, ruler of Serbia: 563, 563.
Stephen Nemanya I, ruler of Serbia: 494.
Stephen Nemanya II, ruler of Serbia: 494, 494, 495.
Stephen of Blois: 444.
Stephen of Vendôme, Crusader: 507.
Stephens, Alexander H., Confederate leader: 1585.


The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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