- Sharma, Shanksar Dayal, Indian leader
- 3986.
- Sharon, Ariel, Israeli leader
- 3869.
- Sharp, Andrew, New Zealand scholar
- 864.
- Sharpeville, South Africa massacre
- 4477.
- Sharrett, Moshe, Israeli leader
- 3858.
- Sharru-kin
- See Sargon I (the Great), king of Babylon.
- Shastri, Lal Bahadur, Indian leader
- 3965, 3965, 3965, 3966, 3967.
- Shatila refugee camp, Lebanon
- 3849.
- Shatt al-Arab
- 3775, 3778.
- Shattuara II, Hurrian king
- 86.
- Shaw, George Bernard, writer
- 1869.
- Shaw, J. C., engineer
- 1734.
- Shaw Commission, Palestine
- 2389.
- Shaykan, battle of
- 1524.
- Shaykhi school, of Shi’ism
- 1349.
- Shaykh Junayd, Sufi leader
- 307, 308.
- Shaykh Safi al-Din, Safavid founder
- 306.
- Shays Rebellion, Massachusetts
- 952.
- Shearer, Hugh, Jamaican leader
- 3759.
- Sheba
- 104, 128, 4107, 4110.
- Shechem
- 100, 103, 104.
- Sheffield
- 984.
- Shehu, Mehmet, Albanian leader
- 2722, 3199, 3200, 3201, 3202.
- Sheik Jabir, ruler of Kuwait
- 3898.
- Sheik Omar Abdel-Rahman, terrorist
- 2689.
- Sheik ul-Islam
- 2326.
- Shekhar, Chandra, Indian leader
- 3983.
- Shekib Efendi
- 1333.
- Sheku Ahmadu, African leader
- 1511, 1511, 1511.
- Shelley, Mary, writer
- 1046.
- Shelley, Percy Bysshe, poet
- 1037, 1046.
- Shemakha
- 1256.
- Shemyaka
- 558.
- Shenandoah Valley
- 935; Civil War, 1587, 1588, 1589.
- Shen Buhai, Chinese official
- 140, 148, 153.
- Sheng Xuanhuai, Chinese official
- 1425.
- Shengzu, Chinese emperor
- 852.
- Shennong, mythical Chinese ruler
- 138.
- Shenuda III, Coptic pope
- 2681, 3913.
- Shenyang
- 852.
- Shenzhen
- 4163.
- Shenzong, Chinese emperor
- 371, 371.
- Shenzong, Chinese ruler
- 851.
- Shepilov, Dmitri T., Russian leader
- 3270, 3271.
- Shepstone, Theophilus
- 1552, 1554.
- Sher Ali, emir of Afghanistan
- 1108.
- Sheridan, Philip H., Union commander
- 1589, 1590.
- Sheriffmuir, battle of
- 684.
- Sherley, Anthony and Robert, English merchant adventurers
- 814.
- Sherman, William Tecumseh, Union commander
- 1588, 1589, 1590, 1590; march through Georgia, 1589, 1589.
- Sherman Anti-Trust Act, U.S.
- 1604, 1605, 1609, 1614, 1618, 1621.
- Sherman Silver Purchase Act, U.S.
- 1604, 1606, 1606, 1607, 2202.
- Sherpao, Hayat Mohammed, Pakistani leader
- 4005.
- Sherrington, Charles, physiologist
- 1154.
- Sher Shah, ruler of India
- 831.
- Shesh-bazzar, governor of Judah
- 105, 105.
- Sheshonq I, king of Egypt
- 94, 104, 105.
- Sheshonq IV, king of Egypt
- 95.
- Shetland Islands
- 426, 464, 518.
- Shevardnadze, Eduard A., Russian leader
- 3293, 3327, 3327, 3328, 3330, 3331, 3331.
- Shidehara, Kijr, Japanese leader
- 2501, 2504, 2509, 2510, 4223.
- Shiga Naoya, writer
- 2520.
- Shigenobu, kuma, Japanese leader
- 1450, 1452, 1454, 1459, 1472, 2496.
- Shihab, Fu'ad, Lebanese leader
- 3845.
- Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi, theologian
- 319.
- Shihab dynasty
- 805, 806, 810.
- Shi Huangdi, Chinese emperor
- 49, 72, 153, 153, 153.
- Shi'ism
- 285, 288, 288, 289, 289, 291, 291, 292, 292, 293, 293, 293, 294, 295, 296, 296, 296, 298, 299, 300, 300, 300, 305, 306, 306, 306, 306, 307, 308, 308, 316, 317, 317, 318, 318, 318, 321, 321, 505, 575, 580, 791, 792, 795, 797, 797, 812, 812, 812, 813, 814, 815, 815, 815, 815, 816, 816, 816, 817, 817, 817, 819, 819, 830, 832, 1346, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1350, 1350, 1350, 1350, 1352, 1358, 2379, 2383, 2399, 3778; Iraq, 3778, 3883, 3885; Iran, 3828; Lebanon, 3846, 3848, 3849, 3850, 3851; Saudi Arabia, 3889; Bahrain, 3898, 3898.
- Shiji, Records of the Grand Historian
- 156.
- Shijiazhuang
- 2479.
- Shijing, Classic of Poetry
- 152.
- Shikibu, Takenouchi, Japanese scholar
- 861.
- Shikoku
- 163, 1441.
- Shikotan Island
- 4231.
- Shilak-Inshushinak I, king of Elam
- 122.
- Shillukland
- 1524.
- Shiloh
- 104, 1587.
- Shimabara, peninsula
- 860.
- Shimabara Rebellion
- 860, 860.
- Shimazu family
- 858.
- Shimei, Futabatei, writer
- 1454.
- Shimoda
- 1439.
- Shimonoseki
- 1443, 1444; treaty of, 966, 1421, 1432, 1457.
- Shingen, Takeda, Japanese warrior
- 857.
- Shingon Buddhism
- 385.
- Shining Path
- See Sendero Luminoso, Peru.
- Shinpei, Et, Japanese leader
- 1450.
- Shinpei, Got, Japanese leader
- 1464.
- Shinran Shnin, Buddhist leader
- 395.
- Shinsaku, Takasugi, Japanese leader
- 1442.
- Shintennji, temple
- 383.
- Shinto
- 165, 384, 385, 396, 859, 861, 1437, 1437, 1448, 2493, 4223.
- shipbuilding
- 1628.
- Shipley, Jenny, New Zealand leader
- 4317, 4318.
- shipping, U.S.
- 1096, 1397, 1568, 1569, 1570, 1629; 1800–1914, 961; eastern Mediterranean, 1329; Suez Canal, 1370.
- Shipping Board, U.S.
- 2191.
- ships
- 643, 1062, 1130, 1130.
- Shirakawa, emperor of Japan
- 387, 387.
- Shir Ali, ruler of Afghanistan
- 1355, 1355, 1355, 1355.
- Shiraz
- 300, 306, 362, 814, 817, 1350.
- Shire Highlands
- 1546, 1548.
- Shire River
- 888, 1547.
- Shirkuh, Zangid leader
- 318.
- Shirmake, Abdirashid Ali, Somalian leader
- 4400.
- Shiroe
- See Kavad II, king of Persia.
- Shirvan
- 308, 806, 807.
- Shishak
- See Sheshonq I, king of Egypt.
- Shishman, tsar of Bulgaria
- 567.
- Shi Siming, Chinese rebel
- 368.
- Shiv Sena, India
- 3976.
- Shizong, Chinese emperor
- 851, 852, 853.
- Shoa
- 346.
- Shoja Shah, ruler of Afghanistan
- 1354, 1354.
- Shokusan Bank, Japan
- 2488.
- Sholes, Christopher L., developer of typewriter
- 990.
- Shmu, emperor of Japan
- 384, 384.
- Shona people
- 349, 351, 364, 889, 889, 1548, 1553, 1556, 4467.
- Shore, John
- 836.
- Shore temple
- 326.
- Shorter Catechism
- 614.
- Short Parliament, England
- 591.
- Shoshone Indians
- 53.
- Shostakovich, Dmitri, composer
- 2074, 3263.
- Shou, Chinese king
- 138.
- Shwa period, Japan
- 2494, 2506, 2507, 2520, 2520.
- Shy, Tsubouchi, writer
- 1454.
- Shzan, Sakuma, scholar
- 1438, 1440.
- Shraddhanand, Swami, Indian religious leader
- 2437.
- Shreveport
- 1590.
- Shrewsbury, John Talbot, duke of
- 523.
- Shbun, painter
- 396.
- Shuddhi movement, India
- 2438.
- Shudras
- 337.
- Shufeldt, Robert, U.S. naval commander
- 1430, 1430.
- Shuf Mountain
- 801.
- Shuf region
- 806, 3849.
- Shu-Han dynasty
- 156, 157.
- Shuisky, Russian noble family
- 629.
- Shuisky, Basil, tsar of Russia
- 630, 630, 630.
- Quwatli, Shukri al-, Syrian leader
- 2376, 3839.
- Shulgi, king of Ur
- 84, 122.
- Shumayyil, Shibli, writer
- 2351.
- Shun, Chinese ruler
- 138.
- Shunzhi reign
- 852, 852.
- Shuowen jiezi, Analysis of Characters as an Explanation of Writing
- 156.
- Shushkevich, Stanislav S., Belarusan leader
- 3315, 3317.
- Shu-Sin, king of Ur
- 84.
- Shuster, W. Morgan, U.S. envoy
- 979.
- Shsui, Ktoku, Japanese leader
- 1469.
- Shutruk-Nahhunte, king of Elam
- 122.
- Shutruk-Nahhunte II, king of Elam
- 122.
- “shuttle diplomacy”
- 3775.
- Shu’ubiyya
- 292.
- Shuvalov, Peter
- 1108, 1108, 1108.
- Shvernik, Nikolai, Russian leader
- 3261.
- Siak
- 837, 837.
- Siak River
- 837.
- Sialkot
- 324.
- Siam
- 1404; WWI, 2450; and United States, 2450; and Japan, 2451; and France, 2451; and Great Britain, 2451; between Wars, 2451; name changed to Thailand, 2452; Thailand, 4065. See Ayutthaya; Thailand.
- Siamun, king of Egypt
- 93, 104.
- Sib, Treaty of
- 2408.
- Sibelius, Jan, composer
- 2055.
- Siberia
- 18, 18, 26, 26, 28, 28, 28, 47, 160, 629, 631, 789, 993, 993, 995, 996, 1258, 1262, 1266, 2067, 2072, 2078, 2463, 2480, 2498, 2502, 3076, 3278.
- Sibiu, battle of
- 1806.
- Sibley, Henry, U.S. commander
- 1587.
- Sibylline Books
- 225.
- Sicans
- 184.
- Siccardi, Giuseppe, Italian leader
- 1210.
- Sicels
- 184, 191, 193, 193, 194, 196, 199, 228.
- Sichuan
- 156, 156, 156, 157, 368, 369, 370, 374, 852, 1415, 1425, 2476, 2478, 2481.
- Sicilian Vespers
- 452, 533, 534, 564.
- Sicily
- 110, 110, 171, 178, 178, 184, 184, 184, 184, 184, 184, 184, 185, 185, 185, 185, 185, 186, 186, 188, 189, 190, 191, 191, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 197, 197, 198, 198, 199, 203, 204, 204, 220, 220, 220, 220, 221, 222, 227, 228, 229, 230, 230, 231, 232, 234, 234, 238, 241, 242, 242, 245, 246, 246, 260, 282, 293, 294, 408, 408, 408, 412, 430, 430, 431, 434, 435, 444, 445, 451, 452, 452, 456, 457, 457, 457, 457, 458, 458, 458, 459, 459, 459, 459, 465, 466, 467, 467, 469, 469, 470, 470, 470, 471, 471, 471, 471, 498, 505, 507, 526, 526, 526, 526, 533, 533, 533, 540, 564, 603, 605, 607, 607, 657, 657, 659, 659, 660, 660, 715, 723, 724, 738, 738, 738, 740, 740, 740, 745, 797, 827, 1066, 1066, 1093, 1212, 1212, 1214, 1221, 1224, 1948, 1960, 1961, 2591, 2608; WWII, 2617, 2617, 2617.
- Sicínski, Jan
- 776.
- Sickingen, Franz von, Reformation leader
- 614.
- Sicyon
- 176, 179, 182, 192.
- Siddhanta
- 129.
- Siddhantasiromani
- 131.
- Siddhartha
- See Gautama Siddhartha (the Buddha).
- Sidi Barrani
- 2611.
- Sidi Mehrez Mosque, Tunis
- 828.
- Sidi Muhammad III, sultan of Morocco
- 2419.
- Sidi Muhammad VI, king of Egypt
- 3924, 3924.
- Sidi Muhammad VI, king of Morocco
- 3785.
- Sidi Sayyid, ruler of India
- 334.
- Sidney, Philip
- 594, 594.
- Sidon
- 100, 104, 107, 108, 109, 109, 109, 109, 109, 109, 473, 806, 809, 810, 1335, 2379.
- Sidonius, Latin author
- 260.
- Sidqi Pasha, Ismail, Egyptian leader
- 2351.
- Siebener Concordat, Switzerland
- 1070.
- Siegrist, pioneer in developing color film
- 990.
- Siemens, Frederick
- 984.
- Siemens, Frederick and William, developers of open hearth furnace
- 956.
- Siemens, Werner von, designer of armature for generators
- 981.
- Siemens-Martin process, steelmaking
- 984.
- Siemrap
- 1407.
- Siena
- 443, 459, 469, 533, 534, 534, 537, 612.
- Sierra, Terencio, Latin American leader
- 1686.
- Sierra Club
- 2642.
- Sierra Leone
- 110, 359, 873, 873, 874, 875, 875, 877, 877, 878, 1513, 1513, 1513, 1514, 1514, 1514, 1514, 1516, 1517, 1518, 1623, 2555, 2558, 2559, 2559, 2559, 2559, 2559, 2694, 2696, 2698, 4324, 4326, 4327, 4349, 4350, 4355, 4359, 4359, 4360, 4382, 4382, 4382, 4383, 4383, 4383, 4384, 4385, 4385; independence, 4382.
- Sierra Leone People's Party
- 4324, 4382.
- Sierra Maestra
- 3714.
- Sierra Morena
- 228.
- Sierra Nevada
- 228.
- Sieveking, Amalie, German reformer
- 1071.
- Sieyès, abbé, Emmanuel Joseph, French leader
- 1001, 1012.
- Siffin
- 288.
- Sigebert, Ripuarian leader
- 407.
- Sigeric, Visigoth leader
- 403.
- Sigeum
- 180, 187.
- Sigismund, Burgundian king
- 406.
- Sigismund, Holy Roman emperor
- 311, 531, 531, 531, 541, 541, 541, 544, 544, 544, 546, 555, 555, 560, 560, 560, 560.
- Sigismund I, king of Poland
- 632.
- Sigismund II, August
- 632, 632.
- Sigismund III, Vasa
- 628, 628, 628, 630, 630, 633, 633, 633.
- Sigismund Bathory, prince of Transylvania
- 635.
- Sigismund of Luxemburg
- See Sigismund, Holy Roman emperor, king of Hungary and Bohemia.
- Sigua, Tengiz, Georgian leader
- 3327.
- Sigurd, Germanic hero
- 426.
- Sigurdsson, Jon, Icelandic leader
- 1077.
- Sihanouk, Norodom, Cambodian leader and sometime king
- 2453, 2454, 2454, 2689, 4075, 4075, 4075, 4075, 4076, 4076, 4076, 4077, 4078, 4078, 4079, 4079, 4080, 4080, 4081, 4081, 4081, 4081, 4081, 4082, 4083, 4084, 4084, 4085, 4085, 4088, 4088, 4089, 4272.
- Sijilmasa
- 292.
- Sikasso
- 1511, 1511, 1517.
- Sikhs
- 578, 580, 830, 834, 834, 1354, 1354, 1354, 1355, 1394, 1394, 1395, 1396, 2437, 2644, 2679, 2680, 3951, 3953, 3960, 3960, 3967, 3968, 3977, 3977, 3977, 3977, 3978, 3978, 3979, 3979, 3984.
- Sikkim
- 3973, 4155.
- Sikorsky, Igor, inventor
- 1736.
- Silahara dynasty
- 327.
- Silang, Diego, Philippine leader
- 868.
- Siles, Hernando, Bolivian leader
- 2255, 2255.
- Silesia
- 417, 483, 483, 484, 486, 486, 486, 487, 541, 544, 544, 555, 561, 613, 617, 617, 618, 620, 624, 660, 660, 660, 660, 661, 662, 662, 663, 666, 754, 776, 777, 987, 2582.
- Silesian Wars
- 660, 660, 662, 755, 755, 755. See Seven Years' War.
- Siles Salinas, Adolfo, Bolivian leader
- 3541, 3541.
- Siles Suazo, Hernán, Bolivian leader
- 3538, 3538, 3545, 3546, 3546, 3546.
- Silistria
- 1138, 1303, 1309, 1318, 1806.
- silk
- 1449.
- Silk Road
- 76, 78, 271, 278, 282, 473, 473.
- Silla
- 160, 161, 161, 161, 161, 161, 162, 162, 162, 167, 167, 167, 279, 377, 377, 377, 377, 377, 377, 377, 377, 377, 377, 378, 378, 378, 378, 378, 378, 378, 378, 379, 383, 384.
- Sillanpää, Frans Eemil, writer
- 2056.
- Silla's Council of Nobles
- 377.
- Silurian period
- 1043.
- Silva, Anibal Cavaco, Portuguese leader
- 2919.
- Silva, Antonio José da, Portuguese writer
- 727.
- Silva, Antonio Mara da, Portuguese leader
- 1936.
- Silva Xavier, Joaquim José da, Brazilian leader
- 916.
- Silva, Luiz Inácio (Lula) da, Brazilian leader
- 3618, 3623, 3626.
- silver
- 582, 584, 602, 602, 603, 603; Mexico, 903; Americas, 911, 911; U.S., 1595, 1595, 1599, 1604; Latin America, 1670.
- Silver Pavilion, Ginkakuji
- 396.
- Silver Purchase Act
- See Sherman Silver Purchase Act, U.S..
- Silvestre, Fernandez, Spanish general
- 1921.
- Sima family, Chinese military leaders
- 157.
- Sima Guang, historian
- 371, 372, 373, 854.
- Sima Qian, historian
- 156.
- Simashki dynasty
- 120, 122.
- Sima Tan, historian
- 156.
- Sima Xiangru, poet
- 156.
- Sima Yan, Chinese leader
- 157.
- Simbirsk
- 784.
- Simeon, uncle of Stephen Urosh V
- 562.
- Simeon I, grand prince of Moscow
- 558.
- Simeon II, tsar of Bulgaria
- 2173, 3234.
- Simhavishnu, ruler of India
- 326.
- Simitas, Costas, Simitis
- 3231, 3233, 3811, 3811.
- Simla Agreement
- 3972.
- Simon, John Allsebrook
- 1848.
- Simon, Jules, French leader
- 1191.
- Simon Bar Kozebah, Jewish leader
- 253.
- Simonides, Greek poet
- 176.
- Simpson, Mrs. Wallis Warfield, wife of Duke of Windsor
- 1850.
- Simpson, Nicole, murder victim
- 3436.
- Simpson, O.J., athlete, acquitted of murder
- 3434, 3436.
- Simpson's Ltd., Canada
- 1632.
- Si Muhand, Berber poet
- 1384.
- Simuka
- 132.
- Sin
- See Nanna.
- Sin-ahhi-eriba
- See Sennacherib, king of Assyria.
- Sinai Peninsula
- 43, 90, 91, 91, 91, 92, 127, 1347, 1751, 2638, 2655, 2664, 2672, 3771, 3771, 3771, 3774, 3777, 3914.
- Sinaloa
- 903, 903, 904.
- Sincai, George, writer
- 1311.
- Sin Chae-hyo, musician
- 1429.
- Sinclair, Harry F., U.S. businessman
- 2194.
- Sind
- 290, 325, 331, 333, 1394, 1395, 3990, 4001, 4008.
- Sindermann, Horst, German leader
- 3019.
- Sindhis
- 3990, 4008.
- Sin'ganhoe, Korea
- 2493.
- Singapore
- 837, 1410, 1411, 1418, 2453, 2455, 2626, 2627, 2634, 2636, 2640, 2691, 2770, 2799, 4042, 4042, 4047, 4047, 4047, 4104, 4105, 4105, 4106, 4106, 4107, 4108, 4116, 4116, 4117, 4117; makeup, 4047; and Great Britain, 4105, 4106, 4117; independence, 4116.
- Singara
- 273.
- Singer, Isaac M., inventor
- 985.
- Singer sewing machine company
- 961, 1700.
- Singh, Beant, assassin
- 3977.
- Singh, Bhagat, Indian leader
- 2440.
- Singh, Ram Subhag, Indian leader
- 3969.
- Singh, Satwant, assassin
- 3977.
- Singh, V. P., Indian leader
- 3978, 3982, 3983, 3983.
- Singkel
- 839.
- Single Workers' Central, CUT
- 3621.
- Single Workers' Central, CUT
- 3583.
- Singosari
- 339.
- Sinhalese, Singhalese
- 336, 3984, 4026, 4026, 4027, 4030, 4034, 4035, 4037, 4037, 4037.
- Sinhalese Language Bill
- 4026.
- Sinigaglia
- 609.
- Sinking Fund Act, England
- 685.
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