- Secularization Campaign
- 2326.
- Securities Act of 1933, U.S.
- 2202.
- Securities and Exchange Commission, U.S.
- 2202.
- Securities Exchange Act, U.S.
- 2202.
- Security Covenant, Tunisia
- 1388.
- Sedan, France
- 1185, 1781, 2585, 2585.
- Sedayama, king of Vamsas
- 129.
- Seddiq, Mahjoub ben, labor leader
- 3919.
- Seddon, Richard John, New Zealand leader
- 1504.
- Sedgemoor, battle of
- 676.
- Sedgwick, Adam, geologist
- 1043.
- Sedition Act, U.S.
- 1565, 2188.
- Sedlnitzky, count, Austrian police chief
- 1073, 1073.
- Sée, Camille, French reformer
- 1193.
- Seeckt
- 2474.
- Seely, H. W., developer of flatiron
- 986.
- Sefuwa dynasty
- 354, 354, 871.
- Segesta
- 185, 192, 197.
- Segni, Antonio, Italian leader
- 2925, 2955.
- Segovia
- 525, 601.
- segregation
- 1558, 1559; in U.S., 1595, 1601, 1611, 1615. See race.
- Segu, kingdom of
- 870, 871, 878, 1507, 1511, 1517.
- Segu Bambara
- 1510.
- Seguel, Rodolfo, labor leader
- 3514.
- Seguin, Marc, bridgebuilder
- 983.
- Seibou, Ali, Niger leader
- 4365.
- Seikad Bunko, Japan
- 1425.
- Seimas, Lithuanian parliament
- 2089, 2090, 2093.
- Seine River
- 412, 413, 413, 413, 445, 450, 2619.
- Seipel, Ignaz, Austrian leader
- 2001, 2002, 2003.
- Seiry, Kaiho, economist
- 1437.
- Seisachtheia, Athenian law
- 180.
- Seishisai, Aizawa, Japanese leader
- 1437.
- Sei Shnagon, writer
- 386.
- seismograph
- 1152.
- Seiwa, emperor of China
- 385.
- Seiykai, Japan
- 1460, 2499, 2507.
- Seize Mai Crisis, France
- 1191.
- Sejanus, Lucius Aelius, Roman leader
- 247, 247, 247.
- Sejarah Melayu, court literature
- 837.
- Sejm, Poland
- 487, 776, 776, 780, 780, 781, 1267, 1267, 1267, 2114, 2116, 2119, 2122, 2122, 3110.
- Sejo, king of Korea
- 855, 855.
- Sejong, king of Korea
- 855, 855.
- Sejur, Poland
- 3098.
- Sekigahara, battle of
- 858, 859, 859.
- Seko, Mobutu Sese, Congolese leader
- 4430.
- Seku Ahmadu, African leader
- 1510, 1510.
- Sekukhune, African leader
- 1552.
- Selangor
- 837, 1410, 1411, 1411.
- Selassie, Haile, Ras Tafari
- See Haile Selassie I (Ras Tafari), emperor of Ethiopia.
- Selden, George B., inventor
- 990.
- Selden, John, English jurist
- 590.
- Selden Resolution, U.S.
- 3523.
- Seldte, Franz, German leader
- 1986.
- Selective Service, U.S.
- 2599, 3390, 3392, 3394, 3418.
- Selective Service Act, U.S.
- 2187.
- Selective Training and Service Act
- 2209.
- Seleucia
- 214, 218, 254.
- Seleucids
- 70, 88, 129, 208, 208, 213, 213, 214, 214, 214, 215, 216, 216, 216, 217, 240.
- Seleucus I Nicator, king of Babylon
- 129, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 213, 213.
- Seleucus II Callinicus, king of Syria
- 213, 213, 213, 213, 213, 216, 217.
- Seleucus III Soter, king of Syria
- 213, 214.
- Seleucus IV Philopater, king of Syria
- 214, 214, 214.
- Seleucus VI
- 215.
- Self-Denying Ordinance, England
- 593.
- Self-Employed Women's Association, SEWA
- 3950, 3972.
- Self-Reliance Literary Group, Vietnam
- 2526.
- Self-Strengthening Movement, China
- 1417.
- self-sufficiency
- 1986.
- Seligenstadt
- 466.
- Selim I, Ottoman sultan
- 316, 792, 792, 792, 796, 826.
- Selim II, Ottoman sultan
- 616, 795, 796, 796, 797, 797, 797, 813.
- Selim III, Ottoman sultan
- 578, 810, 810, 810, 810, 811, 811, 955, 1296, 1328, 1333.
- Selimiye mosque, Edirne
- 796, 798.
- Selim the Sot
- See Selim II, Ottoman sultan.
- Selinus
- 185, 192, 197, 253.
- Seljuks
- 281, 281, 300, 300, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 301, 302, 302, 302, 302, 302, 302, 303, 303, 303, 303, 306, 306, 307, 317, 318, 318, 438, 498, 498, 499, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 501, 501, 501, 502, 502, 505, 505, 505, 508, 510, 564.
- Selkirk, earl of, Thomas Douglas, colonizer
- 1623.
- Sella, Quintino, Italian leader
- 1219.
- Sellapan Rama Nathan, Singaporean leader
- 4117.
- Selma
- 3411, 3411, 3411.
- Selves, Justin de, French official
- 1135.
- Semakokiro, king of Buganda
- 884.
- Sembene, Ousmane, writer
- 4320.
- Sembilan Islands
- 1410.
- Seme, Pixley, South African leader
- 2578.
- Semendria
- 563, 1743, 1797.
- Semenov, Nicholas, Russian counterrevolutionary
- 2067.
- seminaries
- 609.
- Seminole Indians
- 3435.
- Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida, U.S. Supreme Court decision
- 3435.
- Seminole War, U.S.
- 1574.
- Semiramis
- See Sammuramat, regent.
- Semitic peoples
- 84, 102, 250.
- Sempach, battle of
- 546.
- Semyenov, Vladimir, Russian leader
- 3013.
- Sen, Chin A., Surinamese leader
- 3631, 3631.
- Sena
- 888.
- Senanayake, Dudley, Ceylonese leader
- 4029, 4032.
- Senanayaki, Stephen, Ceylonese leader
- 4026.
- Senas
- 324.
- Senate
- 212, 218, 243, 261; France, 1013, 1014, 1019, 1031, 1086, 1086, 1177, 1184, 1185, 1191, 1191; Austria, 1089; Finland, 1255; Greece, 1275; Serbia, 1285, 1286; Australia, 1497; South Africa, 1558; Canada, 1630; Brazil, 1656; Chile, 1662; Poland, 3110.
- Senate of Notables, Serbia
- 1285.
- Sénatus Consulte, Algeria
- 1383.
- Sendero Luminoso, Peru
- 3555, 3557, 3557, 3557, 3558, 3559, 3559, 3561, 3561, 3565.
- Seneca, Lucius Annaeus, Roman playwright
- 246, 246, 248, 249.
- Seneca Falls, New York
- 1579.
- Seneca Indians
- 935.
- Senef, battle of
- 652.
- Senegal
- 281, 358, 359, 666, 870, 870, 874, 875, 953, 1510, 1510, 1511, 1511, 1511, 1515, 2384, 2554, 2555, 2556, 2559, 2696, 4321, 4325, 4325, 4325, 4326, 4327, 4328, 4343, 4343, 4343, 4344, 4351, 4351, 4351, 4377, 4378, 4378, 4378, 4379, 4380, 4380, 4380, 4381, 4381; independence, 4377; Republic of Senegal, 4377; student unrest, 4378.
- Senegal Company, France
- 874, 875, 875.
- Senegalese Democratic Party
- 4381.
- Senegal River
- 44, 281, 344, 352, 358, 871, 872, 873, 874, 1507, 1510.
- Senegambia
- 351, 359, 870, 870, 871, 871, 871, 871, 871, 876, 876, 908.
- Senegambian Federation
- 4343, 4378.
- Senggelinqin, Chinese general
- 1417.
- Senior, Nassau William, economist
- 1035.
- Seni Pramoj, Thai leader
- 4070.
- Senji Nayakas
- 831.
- Senlis, treaty of
- 597.
- Sennacherib, king of Assyria
- 87, 105, 109, 122, 123, 123, 127, 128.
- Sennar
- 879, 1366.
- Sennar Dam, Sudan
- 2561.
- Senones
- 227.
- Sentinum
- 227.
- Senusret
- See Sesostris I, king of Egypt.
- Senzaimaru
- 1442.
- Seoul, Korea
- 855, 856, 1419, 1429, 1430, 1431, 1432, 1436, 2489, 2492, 2493, 2698, 4189, 4192, 4192, 4194, 4194, 4195, 4195, 4203, 4204, 4209, 4209, 4210, 4212, 4212, 4213, 4214, 4214, 4217, 4222.
- Seoul National University
- 4212.
- separate but equal doctrine
- 1609.
- separatists
- 588, 926. See Pilgrims, New England.
- Sepoy Mutiny
- 1157.
- September Convention, Franco-Italian
- 1182, 1215.
- September Laws, France
- 1061.
- September Massacres, Paris
- 1003.
- September Treaty
- 1253.
- Septennial Act, England
- 685.
- Septimania
- 407, 410, 411, 411, 413, 418.
- Septimius Severus, Roman emperor
- 246, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 257, 421.
- Seqenenre Tao II, king of Egypt
- 92.
- Serampore Baptist Mission, India
- 1394.
- Serapis, British ship
- 950.
- Serbia
- 310, 310, 310, 313, 313, 428, 440, 440, 440, 441, 441, 469, 482, 494, 494, 496, 502, 502, 560, 562, 563, 563, 563, 564, 564, 565, 565, 566, 566, 566, 566, 566, 567, 567, 567, 758, 792, 804, 806, 807, 809, 810, 811, 955, 955, 957, 1088, 1100, 1105, 1106, 1106, 1106, 1106, 1106, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1108, 1110, 1112, 1112, 1112, 1113, 1122, 1127, 1132, 1132, 1133, 1133, 1133, 1136, 1136, 1137, 1138, 1139, 1139, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1140, 1239, 1244, 1246, 1284, 1284, 1284, 1284, 1284, 1284, 1285, 1285, 1285, 1286, 1286, 1287, 1287, 1288, 1289, 1297, 1307, 1309, 1321, 1322, 1322, 1322, 1325, 1329, 1334, 1340, 1343, 1344, 1347, 1348, 1738, 1738, 1738, 1738, 1779, 2127, 2127, 2127, 2127, 2127, 2127, 2130, 2131, 2160, 2688, 2692, 2754, 2756, 3039, 3175, 3176, 3176, 3176, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3178, 3178, 3178, 3178, 3178, 3179, 3179, 3180, 3180, 3180, 3181, 3182, 3183, 3185, 3185, 3185, 3186, 3186, 3186, 3186, 3187, 3191, 3192, 3192, 3197, 3206, 3232, 3439; and Balkan Wars, 1136, 1137, 1137, 1137, 1137, 1138, 1138, 1139, 1318; WWI, 1141, 1295, 1739, 1739, 1740, 1742, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1744, 1745, 1746, 1746, 1757, 1758, 1769, 1769, 1771, 1780, 1780, 1792, 1792, 1792, 1797, 1797; revolutions, 1284, 1284; war with Greece, 1288; and Austria, 1288, 1293; war with Serbia, 1289; and Bulgaria, 1293, 1293, 1308, 1308, 1309; war with Austria, 1293; and Greece, 1294; war with Bulgaria, 1301; and Macedonia, 1324, 1324; and Ottoman Empire, 1328, 1329, 1337; wars with Ottoman Empire, 1341.
- Serbian Autonomous Region of Krajina
- 3177, 3177.
- Serbian Autonomous Region of Western Slavonia
- 3177.
- Serbian Democratic Movement
- 3178.
- Serbian Industrial Company
- 1289.
- Serbs
- 279, 3186.
- Serengeti Plain
- 19.
- Sereth River
- 1761.
- serfdom
- 511, 2487; Italy, 534; Russia, 631, 631, 631, 631, 631, 789, 790, 1256, 1259, 1259; Poland and Lithuania, 632; after Thirty Years' War, 644; Prussia, 756; Poland, 781, 1267; Central Europe, 1071.
- Sergius, duke of Naples
- 409.
- Sergius, patriarch of Constantinople
- 429.
- Sergius, patriarch of Russia
- 2081.
- Sergius III, pope
- 465.
- Serrano, Francisco, Spanish leader
- 1200, 1200, 1201, 1203.
- Serrano Elias, Jorge, Guatemalan leader
- 3655, 3655, 3655.
- Serrato, José, Uruguayan leader
- 2252, 2252.
- Serres, battle of
- 509.
- Serse-Dingil, emperor of Ethiopia
- 879.
- Sertorius, Quintus, Roman general
- 237.
- Servetus, Michael, Spanish theologian
- 625.
- Service Council of the British Society of Friends
- 1701.
- Servien, Abel
- 624.
- Servile Wars
- 234, 238.
- Servius Tullius, legendary king of Rome
- 224.
- Sesostris I, king of Egypt
- 92.
- Sesostris II, king of Egypt
- 92.
- Sesostris III, king of Egypt
- 92, 103.
- Sessh, painter
- 396.
- Sestos
- 189.
- Sète
- 1178.
- Seth, Egyptian god
- 92.
- Sethnakhte, leader of Egypt
- 93.
- Seti I, king of Egypt
- 93.
- Settlement Decree, Prussia
- 1267.
- Settlers and Farmers Association, Kenya
- 1534.
- Sevar, Bulgarian ruler
- 439.
- Sevastopol
- 431, 1774, 2594, 2595, 2597.
- Seven Cities of Cíbola
- 903.
- Seveners, Isma'ili Shi'ites
- 293, 296.
- Seven Ionian Islands, Republic of the
- 1018.
- Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
- 158.
- Seventh Day Adventists
- 2568.
- Seven Weeks' War
- See Austro-Prussian War.
- Seven Years' War
- 578, 662, 688, 724, 755, 758, 781, 788, 868, 906, 940, 941.
- Severans
- 255, 255, 256.
- Severus, Roman emperor
- 261, 262.
- Severus, Roman emperor in the west
- 269.
- Severus, Flavius Valerius
- See Severus, Roman emperor.
- Severus, Lucius Septimius
- See Septimius Severus, Roman emperor.
- Severus Alexander, Marcus Aurelius
- See Alexander Severus, Roman emperor.
- Sevier, John, American pioneer
- 941.
- Sevilla
- See Seville.
- Sevilla, Diogo de, explorer
- 281.
- Seville
- 53, 412, 419, 475, 476, 476, 476, 479, 525, 601, 601, 601, 602, 900, 909, 911, 911, 1926, 1929, 2907.
- Seville, treaty of
- 686, 723.
- Sèvres, treaty of
- 1712, 1788, 2144, 2321, 2322.
- Seward, William Henry, U.S. leader
- 1580.
- sewing machine
- 985, 1578.
- Sex Discrimination Act, Great Britain
- 2788.
- Sexi
- 110.
- sexism
- 584; France, 716, 717.
- Sextius, Lucius, Roman tribune
- 226.
- sexual harassment
- 3430, 3430, 3432, 3434.
- sexuality and reproduction
- 297, 302, 401, 1814, 1839, 1841, 1875, 1901, 1974, 1986, 2068, 2187, 2643, 2643, 2665, 2680, 2701, 2770, 2778, 2811, 2812, 2813, 2824, 2832, 2836, 2858, 2901, 2903, 2919, 2920, 2943, 2959, 2965, 2965, 2973, 3023, 3024, 3048, 3050, 3060, 3065, 3112, 3116, 3132, 3159, 3254, 3405, 3412, 3417, 3421, 3423, 3424, 3427, 3441, 3454, 3456, 3458, 3723, 3973, 4164, 4165, 4172; 1800–1914, 1142; postwar, 2702; RU486, 2704; Viagra, 3437.
- Seychelles
- 1561, 3807.
- Seymour, Jane, wife of Henry VIII
- 585.
- Seyn, F. A., Russian governor-general of Finland
- 1255.
- Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, Austrian leader
- 2011, 2011, 2011.
- Sezer, Ahmet Necdet, Turkish leader
- 3805.
- Sfax
- 1390.
- Sforza, Milanese family
- 537, 612, 625.
- Sforza, Carlo
- 1943.
- Sforza, Francesco, duke of Milan
- 533, 535, 537, 537, 537.
- Sforza, Francesco II Maria, duke of Milan
- 607, 608, 612, 614, 615.
- Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, duke of Milan
- 537, 537, 537.
- Sforza, Gian Galeazzo, duke of Milan
- 537.
- Sforza, Ippolita
- 537.
- Sforza, Ludovico (Il Moro), duke of Milan
- 532, 536, 537, 537, 537, 607, 607, 607, 607.
- Sforza, Maximilian, duke of Milan
- 607.
- Sguros family
- 503.
- Shaan-Gan-Ning government, China
- 2481.
- Shaanxi
- 138, 138, 1415, 2465, 2475, 2477, 2477, 2481, 2481.
- Shaba, Congo
- 348, 363, 885, 4450.
- Shabako, king of Egypt
- 95, 99.
- Shabbatai Tzvi
- See Sabbatai Sevi, Jewish mystic.
- Shabwa
- 128.
- Shackleton, Ernest H.
- 997.
- Shaddadids
- 300.
- Shadhiliyya, Sufi order
- 322.
- Shafi’i, school of law
- 294, 300, 301.
- Shafi'i population, South Yemen
- 3891.
- Shaftesbury, earl of, Anthony Ashley Cooper, English leader and Cabal member
- 675.
- Shagari, Shehu, Nigerian leader
- 4368, 4368, 4369.
- Shah Jahan, Mughal emperor
- 833, 833, 833, 833, 834.
- Shah Kulu, Ottoman rebel
- 316.
- Shah-nama, Book of Kings
- 813.
- Sha-ho, battle of
- 1262.
- Shahrbaraz, usurper of the Persian throne
- 275.
- Shahrizor
- 794.
- Shahrukh, Afshar ruler of Khurasan
- 818.
- Shah Rukh, Timurid leader
- 307, 307, 307.
- Shahrukh Shah, ruler of Iran
- 817.
- Shah Shoja
- 1354.
- Shah Wali-Ullah, religious leader
- 835, 1395.
- Shaka, Zulu leader
- 1506, 1550, 1550, 1551, 1551, 1551.
- Shakanda, king of Nubia
- 360.
- Shakbut ibn Sultan, Sheik, ruler of Abu Dhabi
- 3897.
- Shakers, U.S.
- 1563.
- Shakespeare, William, English playwright
- 594, 594, 1454.
- Shakrusha
- 93.
- Shali
- 3366.
- Shallum, king of Israel
- 105.
- Shalmeneser I, king of Assyria
- 86, 86, 87, 113, 118.
- Shalmeneser III, king of Assyria
- 87, 106, 106, 109, 118, 123.
- Shalmeneser V, king of Assyria
- 87.
- Shama
- 876.
- Shamash
- See Utu (Shamash), Sumerian and Akkadian god.
- Shamash-shum(a)-ukin, king of Babylon
- 87, 87.
- Shambaa people
- 1528.
- Shamir, Yitzhak, Israeli leader
- 3861, 3861, 3861, 3862.
- Shams al-Din Eldiguz, Seljuk leader
- 302.
- Shams al-Din Muhammad Ibn Tulun, Damascene historian
- 794.
- Shamshi-Adad I, king of Assyria
- 85, 85, 102.
- Shamshi-Adad V, king of Assyria
- 87.
- Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, ruler of India
- 331.
- Shandong
- 138, 138, 141, 378, 968, 1417, 1417, 1423, 1423, 1424, 1425, 2460, 2461, 2463, 2464, 2465, 2465, 2470, 2476, 2494, 2502, 2507, 2508, 2508.
- Shandong Peninsula
- 374.
- Shang civilization
- 49.
- Shangdu
- 375.
- Shang dynasty, Yin
- 63, 65, 66, 67, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138, 140, 152, 1425, 2478.
- Shanghai
- 1416, 1416, 1418, 1424, 1424, 1425, 1427, 1438, 1442, 2459, 2465, 2465, 2467, 2467, 2469, 2469, 2473, 2477, 2478, 2479, 2486, 2489, 2490, 2511, 2512, 2524, 2624, 4146, 4157, 4166; International Concession, 2481.
- Shanghai Communiqué
- 4161.
- Shanghai General Labor Union
- 2469, 2469.
- Shanghai People's Commune
- 4157.
- Shanhai
- 2474.
- Shanhaiguan
- 1420, 1424.
- Shanhaikwan
- 1721.
- Shanhai Pass
- 852.
- Shankar, Ramesewak, Surinamese leader
- 3633, 3634.
- Shanniq, Muhammad, Tunisian leader
- 3940, 3940.
- Shannon River
- 700.
- Shans, Burmese people
- 341, 342, 342, 844, 844, 844, 844, 846, 846, 1404, 4056.
- Shansabani dynasty
- 331.
- Shan states, Burma
- 4048.
- Shantung
- 1768, 1784; Treaty, 1710.
- Shanxi
- 138, 139, 139, 157, 158, 1417, 1417, 1424, 2465, 2470, 2476, 2480, 2481, 4161.
- Shao Yong, scholar
- 373.
- Shapley, Harlow, American astronomer
- 1729.
- Shapur I, king of Persia
- 257, 257, 271, 271, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272, 272.
- Shapur II, king of Persia
- 272, 272, 273, 273, 273, 273, 273.
- Shapur III, king of Persia
- 273.
- sharecropping
- 1592.
- Sharetsky, Semyon, Belarusan leader
- 3319.
- Shari'a courts
- 839.
- Sharif, Mian Nawaz, Pakistani leader
- 2697, 3988, 4011, 4012, 4014, 4014, 4015.
- Sharja
- 3897.
- Shar-kali-sharri, king
- 84.
- Sharki dynasty
- 333.
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