- Louis VII, the Young
- 444, 449, 449, 449, 449, 450, 505.
- Louis VIII, king of France
- 445, 450, 451, 451.
- Louis IX, St. Louis
- 322, 374, 445, 445, 450, 451, 451, 451, 451, 451, 451, 451, 452, 452, 453, 459, 459, 459, 479, 507, 507, 507, 598, 599; in the Crusades, 451, 452; canonization of, 452.
- Louis X, the Quarrelsome
- 520, 520, 520, 521.
- Louis XI, the Spider
- 515, 523, 523, 523, 523, 523, 524, 524, 524, 524, 524, 524, 524, 533, 537, 546, 597.
- Louis XII, king of France
- 537, 537, 597, 597, 597, 597, 597, 607, 607, 607, 613.
- Louis XIII, king of France
- 590, 590, 599, 599.
- Louis XIV, king of France
- 577, 578, 600, 604, 640, 648, 649, 649, 649, 649, 650, 650, 652, 653, 653, 656, 656, 657, 657, 659, 659, 659, 659, 675, 704, 707, 707, 707, 708, 711, 711, 712, 712, 713, 713, 713, 714, 714, 714, 715, 715, 719, 720, 736, 736, 738, 738, 748, 748, 752, 752, 802, 939.
- Louis XV, king of France
- 660, 707, 707, 715, 715, 716, 716, 717, 723, 723, 780; as dauphin, 657, 657.
- Louis XVI, king of France
- 707, 1001, 1001, 1002, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1005, 1032.
- Louis XVII, titular king of France
- 1005, 1008.
- Louis XVIII, king of France
- 1032, 1033, 1033, 1058.
- Louisa Ulrika, queen of Sweden
- 763.
- Louisburg
- 939.
- Louis de Male, count of Flanders
- 521.
- Louise Elizabeth of Orléans, wife of Louis of Spain
- 723.
- Louise of Savoy, duchess of Angoulême
- 614.
- Louisiana
- 64, 715, 940, 1567, 1585, 1588.
- Louisiana Purchase
- 1563, 1567, 1574, 1574.
- Louisiana Territory
- 666, 724, 906, 907, 907, 909, 922, 922, 954, 1017, 1568, 1568.
- Louis-Napoleon
- See Napoleon III, emperor of France.
- Louis of Brandenburg
- 550.
- Louis of Nevers, count of Flanders
- 520.
- Louis of Orléans
- See Louis XII, king of France.
- Louis-Philippe, king of France
- 1055, 1060, 1061, 1061, 1063, 1081, 1081.
- Louterell Psalter
- 513.
- Louvain, University of
- 2568, 2822, 2822, 2822, 2823.
- Louvanium, University of
- 4432.
- Louvois, marquis de, François Michel Le Tellier, French leader
- 712.
- Louvre, Paris
- 450.
- Love Canal, New York
- 3427.
- Lovek, Khmer
- 849.
- Lovett, William, British labor leader
- 1049, 1049.
- Low, Frederic Ferdinand, U.S. envoy
- 1430.
- Low Countries
- 46, 239, 426, 511, 524, 584, 584, 595, 595, 1018, 1053, 1171, 1882.
- Lowe, Thaddeus, developer of compression ice machine
- 987.
- Lowell, Francis Cabot, U.S. industrialist
- 1572.
- Löwen
- 415.
- Lower, Richard, scientist
- 640.
- Lower Bavaria
- 459.
- Lower Burma
- 844, 845, 1402. See Burma.
- Lower California
- See Baja California.
- Lower Canada
- 1623, 1623, 1625, 1627, 1628; rebellion in, 1625, 1625, 1625, 1629. See Canada.
- Lower Egypt
- 43, 89, 90, 91, 91, 91, 92, 92, 92, 95, 1366.
- Lower Estates, Denmark
- 768.
- Lower Lusatia
- 544.
- Lower Mesopotamia
- 82, 83, 84, 84, 85, 86, 88.
- Lower Moesia
- 403.
- Lower Nubia
- 43.
- Lower Rhine, division of Holy Roman Empire
- 613, 620.
- Lower Saxony
- 613.
- Lower Zab River
- 86.
- Lowestoft
- 648, 1809.
- Lowicz, battle of
- 1739, 1792.
- loyalists
- 952.
- Loyalists, Japan
- 1448.
- Loyalists, Spain
- 1929, 1929, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1931, 1931, 1932, 1932, 2076.
- Lozano Días, Julio, Honduran leader
- 3693, 3694.
- Lozano Gracia, Antonio, Mexican leader
- 3710.
- Lozi people
- 1546, 1546.
- Lozoraitis, Stasys, Lithuanian leader
- 3356.
- Lu
- 141, 142, 152.
- Lü, Chinese empress
- 154.
- Lualaba River
- 363, 885, 1509.
- Luanda
- 363, 885, 885, 886, 886, 886, 886, 1538, 4432, 4436, 4436.
- Luang Phibun Songgram, Siamese leader
- 2452, 2452.
- Luang Prabang
- 1407, 1409, 1409, 1409, 1409, 2453, 2453, 4099.
- Luang Pradit, Siamese leader
- 2452.
- Luba
- 348, 351, 363, 363.
- Lubachivsky, Miroslav, cardinal
- 3381.
- Luba Empire
- 885, 887.
- Lübeck
- 456, 456, 460, 460, 461, 548, 548, 548, 548, 548, 548, 548, 548, 628, 1781; code of, 548; treaty of, 619, 620; congress, 1237.
- Lubecki, Ksawery, Russian official in Poland
- 1267.
- Lublin
- 1739, 1794, 3089, 3089, 3095; union of, 632.
- Lubomirski, Jerzy, Polish leader
- 777.
- Lubumbashi, Congo
- 4434, 4452.
- Lü Buwei, adviser
- 140, 140.
- Lubys, Bronislovas, Lithuanian leader
- 3355.
- Luca
- 240.
- Lucan, Roman poet
- 246, 249.
- Lucania
- 205, 206, 220, 222, 227, 227, 231.
- Lucanus, Marcus Annaeus
- See Lucan, Roman poet.
- Lucas García, Romeo, Guatemalan leader
- 3654, 3654.
- Lucca
- 411, 469, 534, 534, 535, 1066.
- Lucera
- 458.
- Lucerne
- 546, 626, 748, 1070.
- Lucilius, Caius, Roman satirist
- 229.
- Lucinschi, Petru, Moldovan leader
- 3362.
- Lucius, adopted son of Augustus
- 243, 243.
- Lucius II, pope
- 468.
- Lucknow, India
- 1396, 2437; pact, 2432, 2437.
- Luçon, battle of
- 1005.
- Lucretius, Titus Lucretius Carus
- 239.
- Lucullus, Lucius Licinius
- 215, 216, 240, 240.
- Lucy, primate ancestor of human beings
- 19.
- Ludd, Captain, folk hero
- 1046.
- Luddites
- 1046.
- Ludendorff, Erich von, German commander
- 1739, 1739, 1739, 1740, 1754, 1754, 1757, 1780, 1781, 1781, 1781, 1781, 1812, 1812, 1971, 1978.
- Lüderitz, Franz A. E., German colonizer
- 963, 1111.
- Lüderitz Bay, German Southwest Africa
- 1768.
- Ludlow Massacre, of striking workers
- 1620.
- Ludmilla, St., mother of St. Wenceslaus
- 483.
- Ludolf, duke of Swabia
- 416.
- Ludwig, archduke of Austria
- 1073.
- Ludwig, Carl, physiologist
- 1044.
- Luebke, Heinrich, German leader
- 2996, 3000, 3000.
- Lufthansa 747
- 3007.
- Luftwaffe, German air force
- 2587, 2621.
- Lugalbanda of Uruk
- 84.
- Lugal-zagesi of Uruk
- 84, 84.
- Lugano
- 625, 1229.
- Lugard, Frederick Dealtry
- 1511, 1519, 1519, 1521, 1536, 1536, 1536, 2554, 2558, 2558.
- Lugdunum
- 255, 262, 264.
- Lugenda valley
- 4464.
- Luis, brother of John III of Portugal
- 605.
- Luis I, king of Portugal
- 1207, 1207.
- Luisa Amanda Espinosa Association of Nicaraguan Women, AMNLAE
- 3678.
- Luisa Fernanda, sister of Isabella II of Spain
- 1063.
- Luis António, Portuguese priest and writer
- 727.
- Luis de Vittoria, Tomás, Spanish composer
- 604.
- Lu Ji, Chinese scholar
- 158.
- Lu Jiuyuan, scholar
- 373.
- Lukanov, Andrei, Bulgarian leader
- 3241.
- Lukashenko, Alexsander, Belarusan leader
- 3317, 3318, 3319, 3319, 3319, 3320.
- Luke, gospel
- 259.
- Lukka
- 111.
- Luku
- See Lycia.
- Lule, Yusufu, Ugandan leader
- 4429.
- Lulé Burgas, battle of
- 1137.
- Luli, king of Tyre
- 109.
- Luli, Ded Gjo, Albanian leader
- 1326.
- Lull, Ramón, scholar
- 479.
- Lu'lu, general, Hamdanid successor
- 317.
- Luluabourg
- 2570.
- Lumière, Louis and Auguste, motion picture pioneers
- 990, 1399, 1707.
- Lumumba, Patrice, Congolese leader
- 4449, 4434, 4449, 4449, 4449.
- Luna, Tristán de, Spanish explorer
- 905.
- Luna 2
- 2657.
- Luna 16
- 2667.
- Lunacharski, Anatoli, Russian leader
- 2064.
- Lunas
- 2641.
- Lund
- 653, 3067.
- Lunda
- 348, 351, 363, 363, 363, 886, 2568.
- Lunda Empire
- 885, 887, 887, 1538, 1538, 1539, 1539.
- Lunda Norte
- 4435, 4445.
- Lunda Sul
- 4435, 4445.
- Lundazi
- 1546.
- Lund University
- 761.
- Lüneburg
- 548.
- Lunéville
- 781, 1017.
- Lunik II, Russian space capsule
- 3273.
- Luns, Joseph, Dutch leader
- 4131.
- Luo
- 362, 4417, 4417.
- Luo Guanzhong, Chinese writer
- 851.
- Luoyang
- 138, 138, 138, 155, 156, 156, 156, 156, 157, 158, 158, 160, 160, 160, 160, 367, 367, 368, 369, 370, 370, 370, 370, 4143.
- Luo Zhenyu, scholar
- 2478.
- Luparcos, battle of
- 508.
- Lupescu, Magda, mistress of Charles I of Romania
- 2178, 2180.
- Luque, Hernando de, Spanish explorer
- 898, 898.
- Luria, Isaac, rabbi and mystic
- 797.
- Luristan
- 795.
- Lusaka, Zambia
- 2667, 2697, 4320, 4454, 4457, 4465, 4465; Peace Accord, 4444.
- Lusatia
- 416, 417, 454, 486, 541, 613, 617, 617, 663.
- Lushan
- 4151.
- Lushio, Burma
- 4058, 4058.
- Lüshun (Port Arthur)
- 968, 969, 969, 1423, 1423, 1424, 1435, 1436, 1462, 1463, 2486, 4146; battle of, 1420; siege of, 1462.
- Lusinchi, Jaime, Venezuelan leader
- 3601, 3601.
- Lusitania, ship
- 1741, 1741, 1796.
- Lusitanians
- 228, 233, 233.
- Lutf Ali Khan, Zand ruler of Iran
- 818.
- Lutfi Pasha, grand vezir
- 794, 796.
- Luther, Hans, German leader
- 1978, 1980, 1981.
- Luther, Martin, religious reformer
- 401, 530, 580, 584, 586, 595, 609, 613, 613, 613, 613, 613, 614, 614, 614, 614, 615, 625.
- Lutheranism
- 595, 609, 613, 614, 614, 614, 615, 615, 615, 617, 621, 628, 634, 635, 644, 712, 754, 761, 765, 768, 776, 780, 1014, 1144, 1701; in Sweden, 762, 3069; in Denmark, 1077.
- Lutheran World Federation
- 1701, 2674.
- Luthufi, Abdullah, businessman
- 4042.
- Lutkowski, Karol, Polish leader
- 3115.
- Lutsk
- 1794, 1802.
- Lutter am Barenberge, battle of
- 618.
- Lutterworth
- 514.
- Lützen, battle of
- 620, 1030.
- Luwians
- 103, 112, 112, 113.
- Luwum, Janine, Ugandan archbishop
- 4429.
- Luxembourg
- 524, 541, 595, 595, 648, 653, 719, 722, 759, 1056, 1057, 1102, 1102, 1103, 1103, 1174, 1887, 1893, 1896, 1900, 2700, 2706, 2707, 2708, 2708, 2710, 2711, 2711, 2714, 2718, 2719, 2719, 2748, 2752, 2756, 2818, 2825, 2833, 2835, 2835, 2836, 2885, 2910, 2951, 2993, 3039, 3082; WWI, 1141, 1789; and Belgium, 1884; WWII, 2585, 2620; European currency, 2836.
- Luxembourg, duke of, François Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville, French general
- 653, 654, 655.
- Luxembourg Commission, France
- 1081.
- Luxemburg, Rosa, German socialist
- 1144, 1237, 1269, 1971, 1973.
- Luxemburg dynasty
- 459, 540, 541, 560.
- Luxeuil
- 425.
- Lu Xinyuan, Chinese scholar
- 1425.
- Luxor
- 93, 2354, 3917.
- Lu Xun, Zhou Shuren
- 2464, 2478, 4147.
- Luynes, duke of, Charles d'Albert, favorite of Louis XIII
- 599.
- Lu You, poet
- 373.
- Luyt, Richard
- 3758.
- Luzon
- 867, 867, 1610.
- Luzzara, battle of
- 657.
- Luzzatti, Luigi, Italian leader
- 1225.
- Lvov, George
- 2064, 2064.
- Lyautey, Louis Hubert Gonzalve, French leader
- 1379, 2417, 2418.
- Ly Can Duc, king of Vietnam
- 398, 398.
- Lycée Faidherbe, Senegal
- 2555.
- Lyceum of Athens
- 186.
- Lycia
- 93, 111, 114, 213, 218, 218, 240, 245, 248, 288, 430.
- Ly Công Uan, Ly Thai-tô
- 398, 398.
- Lycurgus, Spartan lawgiver
- 178, 180, 180, 207.
- Lydenburg, republic of
- 1553.
- Lydia
- 88, 95, 111, 112, 114, 114, 114, 114, 114, 115, 123, 124, 176, 177, 177, 177, 177, 209.
- Ly dynasty
- 397, 398, 398, 398, 399.
- Lyell, Charles, geologist
- 1043.
- Lygdamis, tyrant of Naxos
- 180.
- Lyly, John, English writer
- 594.
- Lynch, B., steamship captain
- 1331.
- Lynch, John, Irish leader
- 2809, 2809, 2811.
- lynching
- 1605.
- Lyng, John, Norwegian leader
- 3057.
- Ly Nhat Ton, Ly Thanh-tông
- 398, 398, 398.
- Lynn
- 548, 548, 926.
- Lyon, Mary, U.S. educator
- 1576.
- Lyons, Lyon
- 255, 405, 459, 459, 469, 564, 584, 597, 712, 746, 983, 1003, 1005, 1005, 1061, 1178, 1188, 1195, 2704, 2872, 2875.
- Lyons, Joseph A., Australian leader
- 2545, 2545, 2548, 2549, 2549.
- Lyons, Richard, impeachment of
- 513.
- Lyons–St. Étienne railroad
- 989.
- Ly Phât Ma, Ly Thai-tông
- 398, 398.
- Lys, battles of the
- 1781, 1812.
- Lysander, Spartan commander
- 198, 198, 199, 199.
- Lysenko, Trofim, scientist
- 2068, 3263.
- lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD
- 3413.
- Lysias, Greek orator
- 186.
- Lysias, regent of Syria
- 214.
- Lysimachus, king of Thrace
- 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 213, 213.
- Lytton, 1st earl, Edward Robert Bulwer, British leader
- 1398, 1721, 1722, 2473; as viceroy of India, 1397; and League of Nations commission on Manchukuo, 1721.
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- Ma
- See Cybele.
- Maalik Sy, Senegambian ruler
- 871, 871.
- Ma'an
- 2395.
- Maanen, Dutch official
- 1057.
- Ma'arra
- 806.
- Maastricht
- 2689, 2749, 2751, 2751, 2751, 2754, 2797, 2797, 3051, 3051, 3052.
- Mabini, Apolinario, Philippine leader
- 1482.
- Mabo case, Australia
- 4310.
- Mabuchi, Kamo, scholar
- 1437.
- Macao
- 281, 376, 575, 852, 953, 1420, 1429, 1437, 2479, 2697, 2921, 4177.
- Macapagal, Diosdado, Phillipine leader
- 4131.
- MacArthur, Douglas, U.S. commander
- 2625, 2627, 2630, 3394, 3394, 3395, 4194, 4223.
- Macarthur, John, British adventurer
- 1487, 1487, 1487.
- Macarthy, Charles
- 1514.
- Macartney, lst earl, George, British envoy in China
- 853.
- Macassar Straits
- 2627.
- Macaulay, Thomas Babington
- 1395.
- Macbeth, king of Scotland
- 447, 447.
- Maccabeus, Judas, Jewish leader
- 214.
- Maccabeus, Simon, Jewish leader
- 214.
- Maccabiah Games
- 2390.
- Maccanico, Antonio, Italian leader
- 2949.
- Macchi, Luis Angel Gonzalez
- 3526.
- MacDonald, Jacques Étienne, duke of Tarente
- 1011, 1016, 1030.
- Macdonald, John A.
- 1630, 1631, 1634, 1635.
- MacDonald, J. Ramsay, British prime minister
- 1839, 1842, 1847, 1849, 2441.
- MacDonald, MacIan, Highland chief
- 680.
- Macdonough, Thomas, U.S. naval commander
- 1623.
- Mac dynasty
- 863, 863.
- Macedo, Duarter Ribeiro de, Portuguese writer
- 728.
- Macedon
- 191, 210, 211, 231.
- Macedonia
- 124, 129, 168, 174, 176, 179, 182, 182, 183, 187, 189, 190, 193, 197, 203, 203, 204, 205, 205, 206, 206, 206, 206, 207, 207, 207, 207, 208, 208, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 209, 210, 210, 210, 211, 211, 211, 212, 214, 233, 233, 234, 234, 310, 310, 312, 406, 430, 432, 438, 440, 441, 496, 496, 497, 497, 497, 498, 500, 508, 508, 510, 510, 562, 562, 564, 564, 565, 565, 566, 566, 568, 569, 795, 804, 1106, 1108, 1108, 1122, 1127, 1127, 1132, 1132, 1136, 1136, 1136, 1138, 1139, 1271, 1287, 1299, 1299, 1304, 1304, 1304, 1304, 1306, 1307, 1318, 1318, 1321, 1321, 1321, 1321, 1322, 1322, 1322, 1322, 1323, 1323, 1324, 1324, 1344, 1346, 1347, 1348, 1366, 2127, 2154, 2160, 2162, 2163, 2167, 3176, 3177, 3178, 3178, 3181, 3195, 3196, 3197, 3197, 3230, 3370; and Ottoman Empire, 1299; revolt in, 1347; WWI, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1743, 1758, 1758, 1806; independence, 3195.
- Macedonian, British ship
- 1572.
- Macedonian committees
- 2160.
- Macedonian dynasty
- 276, 435, 438.
- Macedonian Wars
- 211, 211, 211, 211, 232, 233, 233, 234.
- Macedonis
- 209.
- Maceo, Antonio, Cuban leader
- 1693.
- MacGhilleathain, Iain
- See John ~MacLean, poet.
- Mach, Ernst, physicist and philosopher
- 1144.
- Machado, Bernardino, Portuguese leader
- 1934, 1935, 1936.
- Machado, Gerardo, Cuban leader
- 2302, 2302, 2303.
- Machaín-Yrigoyen Treaty
- 1666.
- Machanidas, regent of Sparta
- 211.
- Machek, Vladko, Croat leader
- 2133.
- Machel, Samora, Mozambiquan leader
- 4459, 4462, 4462.
- Machiavelli, Niccolò, Italian leader and scholar
- 536, 607, 609, 609.
- Macias, Francisco, leader of Equatorial Guinea
- 4338.
- Macintosh, Charles, chemist and inventor
- 983.
- Mack, Austrian general
- 1011.
- Mackay, Andrew, Scottish general
- 679.
- Mackensen, August von, German commander
- 1739, 1740, 1743, 1792, 1792, 1806, 1806.
- Mackenzie, Alexander, Canadian leader and explorer
- 1623, 1631.
- Mackenzie, William Lyon, Canadian leader
- 1625, 1625, 1625, 1625, 1626.
- MacKinnon, William
- 1541.
- MacLean, John, poet
- 1625.
- MacMahon, Marie Edmé Maurice de, French marshal and leader
- 1187, 1190, 1190, 1191, 1191.
- MacMichael, Harold
- 2392.
- Macmillan, Harold, British leader
- 2723, 2758, 2770, 2770, 2770, 2772, 2774, 2774, 2995, 3273.
- Mâcon
- 405, 466.
- Macon's Bill No. 2, U.S.
- 1571.
- MacPherson, John
- 836.
- Macquarie, Lachlan, British colonial administrator
- 1487, 1488.
- Macquarie River
- 1488.
- Macrinus, Roman emperor
- 255.
- Macrinus, Marcus Opellius (Severus)
- See Macrinus, Roman emperor.
- Macrobius, Ambrosius Theodosius, Latin scholar
- 260.
- Mactan
- 574.
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