2. The Philippines

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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.
 
Subject Index
 
Page 20
 
 
Cotton Control Act, U.S.
2202.
cotton gin
1565.
Cottrell, Frederick G., physical chemist
986.
Coty, René, French leader
2838, 2846, 2850.
Coughlin, Paula A., Tailhook victim
3434.
Council for Ireland
1862.
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON)
2700, 2708, 2719, 2723, 2724, 2732, 2732, 2732, 2737, 2738, 2741, 2743, 2743, 2746, 2748, 3079, 3093, 3128, 4275; dissolution, 2749, 2749.
Council for New England
926, 926, 926, 928.
Council of Basel
597.
Council of Blood, Netherlands
595.
Council of Chalcedon
80, 268.
Council of Dadiso
273.
Council of Education Ministers
2745.
Council of Ephesus
268.
Council of Europe
2700, 2708, 2709, 2710, 2735, 2736, 2736, 2737, 2738, 2741, 2745, 2746, 2747, 2748, 2748, 2749, 2749, 2750, 3113, 3135, 3155, 3255, 3258; money laundering, 2748; Convention on Minority and Regional Languages, 2750; Human Rights Prize, 3110.
Council of Federated Trade Unions, CFTU
2344.
Council of Five Hundred, France
1009, 1012.
Council of Flanders
1882.
Council of Four, Paris Peace Conference
1784, 1784.
Council of Ministers, Russia
3261.
Council of Nationalities, Russia
2076.
Nicaea, Council of
268, 273.
Council of People's Commissars, Russia
2065, 2067, 3261.
Council of Resistance, Netherlands
1898.
Council of Seleucia
273.
Council of State, France
1086.
Council of State, Poland
3095.
Council of State, Switzerland
1095.
Council of Ten, Paris Peace Conference
1784.
Council of the Ancients, France
1009.
Council of the Indies, Spain
867, 909, 909, 910, 1481.
Council of the League
1785.
Council of Trade Unions, Australia
2544.
Council of Trent
584, 604, 609, 609, 609, 632.
Council on Environmental Quality
3419.
Counter-Reformation
626, 633, 635, 635.
Country Party, Australia
2541, 2548, 4298.
Counts' War, civil war in Denmark
627.
coup d'état of Brumaire, France
1012.
Coup Maupéou, France
717.
Coup of 22 Floréal, France
1010.
Courbet, Gustave, writer
1146.
Courland
460, 632, 667, 1740, 1794.
Courtaulds, synthetic fibers
1700.
Courten, William
931.
Courtenay, William, archbishop
514.
Court of Appeal, England
1161, 1162.
Court of Common Pleas, England
446, 690.
Court of Exchequer, England
446.
Court of King's Bench, England
446.
Court of King's High Bench, England
688.
Courtrai
653; battle of the _Spurs, 453.
courts
444, 446; Russia, 1259; Egypt, 1371; Africa, 1515.
Couthon, Georges, French leader
1005.
Coutras, battle of
599.
Covadonga, battle of
420.
Covenant, League of Nations
1784.
Covenanters
See Solemn League and Covenant (Covenanters).
Covenant of Anjala
766.
Coventry
2587.
Coverdale, Miles, translator of the Bible
587.
Covilhã, Pedro de, explorer
281.
Coward, Noel, playwright
1839.
Cow Protection Movement, India
1398.
Cox, Henry, British leader
2397.
Cox, James M., U.S. leader
2191.
Cox, Percy
2399.
Cracow
1088, 1268, 1739, 1740, 1792, 1793, 2621; free state of, 1267, 1268. See Kraków.
Cradock, Christopher
1795, 1795.
Craig, James
1863, 1864, 1879.
Craiova
1806, 2185.
Cranach, Lucas, German artist
616.
Cranmer, Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury
586, 586, 586, 588, 594.
Crassus, Lucius Licinius
229.
Crassus, Marcus Licinius
216, 216, 237, 238, 238, 240, 240, 240, 240, 241, 243.
Craterus, Macedonian general
209.
Crawford, William H., U.S. leader
1574.
Craxi, Bettino, Italian leader
2945, 2946.
Cray Research and Control Data
2641.
Crazy Horse, American Indian leader
1597.
Crécy
512, 513, 520, 544.
Credit-Anstalt, Austria
1700, 1720, 1829, 1829, 1984, 2005.
Crédit Mobilier
1178, 1231; scandal, 1595.
Credit Suisse Group
2979.
Cree Indians
1626.
Creek Indians
1572.
Crefeld, battle of
663.
Crema
538.
Cremera River
225.
Crémieux Decree, Algeria
1383.
Cremona
231, 251, 251, 468, 540, 607, 1960.
Crenides, later Philippi
203.
creoles, American-born Spaniards
909, 911, 911, 912, 913; of Latin America, 1643, 1643, 1644, 1645, 1648, 1648, 1650, 1650; in Mexico, 1653, 1653; in Central America, 1655.
Crescentii, Roman family
465.
Crescentius I, duke of the Romans
465.
Crescentius II, king of the Romans
417, 417, 466.
Crespo, Daniel Fernández, Uruguayan leader
3528.
Crespo, Joaquín, Latin American leader
1675, 1675.
Crespy, treaty of
608.
Cresson, Edith, French leader
2879.
Crete
66, 84, 168, 169, 169, 169, 169, 170, 171, 171, 174, 184, 208, 289, 434, 437, 507, 508, 569, 604, 611, 745, 801, 801, 980, 1121, 1122, 1122, 1132, 1136, 1138, 1138, 1274, 1277, 1279, 1279, 1279, 1280, 1280, 1328, 1331, 1345, 1367, 1758, 2154, 2156, 2590, 2591, 2591, 2591, 2606; and Greece, 1280, 1282; revolt in, 1337, 1346, 1346; and Egypt, 1367.
Crick, Francis H. C., geneticist
2703.
Crimea
240, 314, 431, 431, 431, 558, 629, 631, 789, 789, 807, 808, 809, 809, 1334, 1774, 2067, 2593, 2597, 2621, 3268, 3383; autonomy within Ukraine, 3381; independence, 3382.
Crimean War
1100, 1155, 1180, 1199, 1211, 1239, 1258, 1259, 1312, 1334, 1334, 1334, 1334.
Crime of 1873, U.S. silver legislation
1599.
Criminal Code Amendment Act, Canada
3454.
Criminal Law Amendment Act, England
1160.
Criminal Law Amendment Act, Ireland
1875.
Cripps, Stafford
2446.
Crisa, Cirrha
182.
Crispi, Francesco, Italian leader
1219, 1220, 1220, 1221, 1222.
Crispus, Flavius Julius, son of Constantine I
262.
Cristea, Miron, Romanian patriarch
2183, 2184.
Cristero Revolt, Mexico
2297.
Cristiani, Alfredo, Salvadoran leader
3670, 3671, 3672.
Cristóbal, Diego, Peruvian leader
913.
Critias, Athenian leader
199.
Crittenden compromise, U.S.
1584.
Crivelli, Carlo, Venetian artist
584.
Croatia
440, 482, 492, 494, 494, 494, 494, 502, 502, 560, 560, 563, 804, 805, 1073, 1073, 1074, 1074, 1087, 1238, 1239, 1239, 1245, 1245, 1246, 1779, 2127, 2127, 2127, 2127, 2128, 2129, 2130, 2130, 2130, 2131, 2131, 2133, 2134, 2134, 2134, 2687, 3165, 3174, 3176, 3176, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3177, 3178, 3178, 3186, 3190, 3190, 3191, 3192, 3192, 3192, 3192; Serbs, 3176, 3176, 3176, 3177, 3177; independence, 3177, 3190, 3190, 3190.
Croatian Democratic Community, HDZ
3176, 3190.
Croatia-Slavonia
1787.
Crocco, G. A., inventor
1736.
Croesus, king of Lydia
114, 177, 177.
Croix de feu, French Fascist group
1912.
Cro-Magnons
25, 25, 25, 27.
Cromwell, Oliver
593, 593, 668, 670, 671, 672, 674, 693, 695; as commander of Ironsides army, 592, 592; as governor general of Ireland, 668, 693, 693, 693, 694, 694, 695; as lord protector, 671, 671.
Cromwell, Richard, lord protector
673.
Cromwell, Thomas, minister to Henry VIII
586, 587.
Croning, Johannes, metallurgist
1733.
Cronstadt
1117.
Crookes, William, physicist
1148.
Crop Loan Act, U.S.
2202.
Cross, James R., British official
3455, 3455, 3455.
Crosser-Dill Railway Labor Act, U.S.
2203.
Croton
178, 184, 185, 185.
Crowder, Enoch, U.S. diplomat
2301, 2302.
Crowley, Donald J., U.S. diplomat
3741.
Crown Lands Ordinance, England
1533.
Crown Point
940, 946.
Crowther, Samuel Ajayi, African leader
1514.
Croydon
2587.
Crozat, Antoine, French colonizer
922.
Cruetz, Gustaf Philip, writer
761.
Crusades
281, 299, 302, 302, 311, 313, 313, 318, 318, 318, 318, 318, 319, 319, 320, 322, 451, 452, 455, 457, 460, 460, 488, 501, 504, 504, 504, 505, 508, 508, 508, 560, 561, 568, 601; First, 302, 318, 468, 501, 505; Second, 302, 318, 449, 456, 502, 505; Eighth, 322, 507; Third, 444, 450, 457, 471, 496, 503, 505; Albigensian-Waldensian, 450; of Frederick II, 458; Albigensian, 469, 507; Fourth, 473, 504, 505, 507; Children's, 507; Fifth, 507; Sixth, 507; Seventh, 507.
Cruz, Apolinario de la, Philippine leader
1480.
Cruz, Juan de la, Spanish poet
604.
Cruz e Silva, Portuguese writer
727.
Crvenkovski, Branko, Macedonian leader
3195.
Crysler's Farm, battle of
1623.
Crystal Palace, London
959, 984, 1155, 1700.
Csepel Island
3147.
Csurka, István, Hungarian leader
3153, 3158.
Ctesiphon
254, 255, 263, 272, 272, 272, 273, 275, 275, 286, 287, 292, 429, 1750.
Ctesiphon-Seleucia
216.
Ctesipius, Greek physicist and inventor
208.
Cuadra, Vicente, Latin American leader
1683.
Cuautehmóc, Mexica ruler
901, 901.
Cuba
572, 572, 666, 724, 895, 908, 908, 909, 961, 1506, 1609, 1643, 1657, 1693, 1693, 1738, 1738, 2301, 2301, 2302, 2316, 2600, 2644, 2657, 2659, 2675, 2684, 3455, 3465, 3465, 3468, 3469, 3470, 3471, 3475, 3478, 3485, 3592, 3599, 3605, 3606, 3642, 3651, 3659, 3676, 3689, 3689, 3714, 3714, 3714, 3716, 3717, 3717, 3717, 3719, 3720, 3721, 3721, 3722, 3722, 3722, 3725, 3725, 3725, 3726, 3726, 3735, 3739, 3762, 3764; revolution in, 1481.
Cuban Communist Party, PCC
3721, 3721.
Cuban Federation of Women
3716, 3721.
Cubas Grau, Raúl, Paraguayan leader
3525, 3525, 3526, 3526.
cubism
1146.
Cucutá, congress of
1651.
Cuestas, Juan Lindolfo, Latin American leader
1667.
Cugnot, Nicolas, inventor
989.
Cui Shu, Chinese scholar
854.
Cuito Cuanavale, Angola
4438.
Culiacán
905.
Cullen, Paul, Irish prelate
1168, 1168.
Culloden, battle of
687.
Cullom Committee
1602.
Cultivation of Soil Act, Iceland
2060.
cult of the dead
93.
cultural ecology
16.
cultural evolution
18.
Cultural Policy, Korea
2490.
culture
1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1376, 1701, 1706, 1706, 1815, 1816, 2702; prehistoric, 2, 2, 3, 3, 15, 16, 16, 16, 16, 29, 30, 40; ancient, 4; New World, 53; Mesopotamia, 83; ancient Egypt, 90; East Africa, 97; Syria-Palestine, 101; Phoenicia, 108; Asia Minor, 112; ancient Armenia, 117; ancient Iran, 121; Arabia, 126; ancient Greece, 173, 176, 186; Hellenistic Age, 208; ancient Rome, 223; Roman Republic, 229; Roman Empire, 239, 246, 260; Sassanians, 271; Islam, 291, 292, 293, 294, 294, 294, 295, 295, 295, 296, 296, 296, 296, 297, 297, 297, 297, 297, 298, 299, 299, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 301, 301, 301, 301, 302, 303, 303, 303, 305; Abbasid, 292; Persian, 301, 302, 303, 305, 307, 3815; Mongols, 306; Turks, 306; Timurids, 307, 307, 308; Ottoman Empire, 312, 315, 315, 796, 801, 806, 806, 1337; Arabic, 317, 317, 317, 2423, 2426; Mamluks, 320, 320; Almohades, 322; Morocco, 323; postclassical India, 324, 324, 324, 324, 325, 326, 326, 326, 326, 326, 326, 326, 327, 328, 331, 331, 331, 331, 331, 331, 332, 332, 332, 333, 333, 333, 333, 334, 334, 334, 334, 335, 335, 335, 336, 337, 337, 337; Ghazni, 325; Southeast Asia, 329, 339, 340, 340, 341, 342, 1402; Africa, 343, 355, 355, 357, 362, 363, 1506, 1515, 2554, 2572, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4320, 4325; China, 368, 370, 370, 370, 371, 373, 373, 373, 373, 373, 373, 373, 373, 375, 378, 1425, 2464, 2466, 2478, 2478, 2483, 4147, 4149, 4151, 4156, 4156, 4158, 4165; Korea, 377, 382, 1429, 2488, 2490, 2491; Japan, 384, 384, 384, 385, 385, 385, 386, 386, 391, 396, 396, 396, 396, 1437, 1437, 1471, 2494, 2520, 2520, 2520, 2520, 2520, 2665, 4238; Vietnam, 399, 399; postclassical Europe, 406, 406, 406, 410; Greco-Roman, 406, 408; Romano-German, 408; Ottonians, 416, 417, 417; Spain, 419, 476, 479, 1921, 2895; Britain, 421; England, 422, 446, 516, 516; Ireland, 425, 425, 425; Scandinavia, 426, 426, 426; Byzantium, 427, 435, 438, 438, 502, 569; Western Europe, 443, 511; France, 452, 524, 2839, 2841, 2849, 2855, 2861, 2869, 2869, 2874; Russia, 490, 1256, 1258, 1260, 1261, 2068, 2068, 2074, 2656, 3263, 3272, 3280, 3284, 3301; Florence, 534; Milan, 537; Venice, 539; 1500–1800, 584; England 1500–1800, 594; Low Countries, 596; French Renaissance, 600; Spain 1500s–1600s, 604, 604; Italy 1400s–1500s, 607; Germany 1500–1800, 616; Thirty Years' War, 624, 624; Poland, 633, 1267, 1267, 2119; Hungary, 636, 2029; 17th and 18th centuries, 645, 646, 646, 646; France, 1700s, 707; Spain, 1600s–1700s, 718; Portugal, 1600s–1700s, 727; Italy, 1600s–1700s, 735; Switzerland, 749, 751; Scandinavia, 1600s–1700s, 761; Iceland, 1600s–1700s, 775; Russia, 1700s, 785; Middle East 1500–1800, 791; Iran, 1500s–1600s, 813; India, 1500–1800, 830, 830, 832, 832, 833, 834, 835, 835; Southeast Asia, 1500–1800, 840, 841, 844, 847; China, 1500–1800, 851, 851, 851, 852, 854; Korea, 1500–1800, 855; Japan, 1500–1800, 857, 859, 859, 861, 861; Pacific Islands, 1500–1800, 864; Americas, 912, 912, 918; 1800–1914, 958, 958, 958, 1034, 1035, 1035, 1037, 1037, 1037, 1037, 1037, 1142, 1143, 1143, 1146, 1146, 1146, 1146, 1146; Victorian, 1050; Denmark, 1077; Finland, 1080, 2055, 2056; Germany, 1231, 1235, 1974, 2988; Balkan Peninsula, 1271; Greece, 1272; Serbia, 1284; Bulgaria, 1304, 1306, 1306; Albania, 1325; Middle East, 1335, 2317, 3768, 3839; Turkey, 1348, 2326, 2333, 3794, 3796, 3799; Iran, 1350, 2341, 2341, 2341, 3782, 3817, 3817, 3819; Egypt, 1370, 1372, 2351, 2355, 2357, 2357, 2363, 2684, 3903, 3911, 3911, 3912, 3913, 3915, 3915, 3916; India, 1394, 1399, 3957; Maoris, 1500, 1500; Madagascar, 1561; U.S., 1563, 1563, 1600, 2191, 2196, 2199, 3401, 3412, 3414, 3417, 3417; Latin America, 1657, 2241, 2241, 2241, 2241, 3465, 3465, 3465, 3465; international, 1701; modern, 1816, 1816, 1839; popular, 1816, 1816, 1816, 2702, 2774, 2776; commercial holiday camp, 1851; Italy, 1952, 2932, 2935, 2942; Norway, 2044; socialist realism, 2068; mass, 2187; North Africa, 2317, 3768; Hebrew, 2391; Iraq, 2407, 3882; Indonesia, 2456; Nigeria, 2682; South Africa, 2687; postwar Europe, 2701, 2702; fashion, 2776; West Germany, 3008; Sweden, 3066; Iceland, 3087; Canada, 3448, 3448, 3451; Peru, 3559; Colombia, 3575; Venezuela, 3595; Guatemala, 3655; Cuba, 3714, 3721; Syria, 3843; Palestinians, 3845; Israel, 3862; Algeria, 3930, 3933. See art; literature; music.
Cumae
182, 184, 190, 222, 222, 227.
Cumaná
897.
Cumann na Gaedheal, Ireland
1170.
Cumans
488, 489, 493, 494, 496, 496, 501, 501, 503.
Cumberland, England
444.
Cumberland River
1587.
Cunard, Samuel, British ship owner
961, 1625.
Cundinamarca, republic of
1650.
Cundinarca
1672.
cuneiform
83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 101, 102, 112, 117, 121.
Cunha, Luis da, Portuguese writer
727.
Cunningham, Allan, explorer
1488.
Curaçao
961.
curia, papal
452, 465, 467, 467, 468, 530, 530, 609, 1223.
Curia Iulia
239.
Curie, Marie Sklodowska, physicist
1149.
currency
114, 140, 176, 178, 180, 186, 229, 255, 255, 260, 332, 1720, 2118, 2640, 2640, 2669, 2670, 2671, 2673, 2676, 2693; Umayyad dynasty, 290; paper money, 305; Ottoman Empire, 313; Mamluks, 320; Africa, 362; China, 375; Europe, 400, 2739, 2746, 2753, 2753, 2756, 2825, 2833, 2836, 2884, 2884, 2885, 2910, 2951, 3026, 3053, 3082; Florence, 534; Spain, 718, 2909; Portugal, 728; Sweden, 764; Tunis, 828; Korea, 855; Vietnam, 863; France, 1009, 1908, 2849, 2860, 2870; Denmark, 1077; Germany, 1235, 1977, 1978, 1978, 2985, 2985, 3010; Austria, 1238, 2002, 2003, 3039; Finland, 1254; Serbia, 1288; Morocco, 1376; Australia, 1498, 4303; U.S., 1595, 1599, 1604; stabilization, 1700, 1722; international institutions after WWII, 1700; Belgium, 1886; Switzerland, 1968; Hungary, 2022; Russia, 2068, 3262; Latvia, 2098, 3347, 3348; Poland, 2118; Yugoslavia, 2129; Palestine, 2389; UN, 2633; ruble, 2754; Great Britain, 2762, 2778, 2780; West Germany, 3005; Czechoslovakia, 3127; Czech Republic and Slovakia, 3137; Estonia, 3297; Belarus, 3316; Kazakhstan, 3334; Kirghizstan, 3342; Lithuania, 3354; Moldova, 3360; Russian Federation, 3365; Tajikistan, 3375; Ukraine, 3382; Argentina, 3488, 3496, 3502; Uruguay, 3528; Ecuador, 3573, 3574; Brazil, 3628, 3628; Panama, 3640; Cuba, 3725; Egypt, 3902; India, 3967; Ceylon, 4031; Thailand, 4073, 4073; Philippines, 4292; CFA, 4325. See gold.
Currency Act, U.S.
1610.
Curtin, John
4295.
Curtiss, Glenn, aircraft engine designer
991.
Curzola, battle of
474.
Curzolari Islands, Italian claims to
1746.
Curzon Line, Poland's eastern frontier
1817, 2086, 2114, 3089.
Cusco
570, 570, 898, 898, 898, 899, 909, 912, 913.
Cushing, Caleb, U.S. envoy
1416.
Cushites
347, 347, 347, 362, 879.
Custer, George A., U.S. commander
1597.
Custine, Adam de, French general
1005.
customs unions
2818; Switzerland, 1966; German-Austrian, 2005.
Custozza, battle of
1092, 1216.
Cuttack
337.
Cuvier, Georges, scientist
1041, 1042.
Cuyo
899.
Cuza, A. C., Romanian leader
2182.
Cuza, Alexander, prince of Moldavia and Wallachia
1313, 1313, 1314, 1315, 1315, 1316.
Cuzco
1649.
Cyaxares, king of the Medes
87, 88, 114, 123, 123.
Cybele
112.
cybernetics
2703.
Cyclades
168, 169, 171, 175, 180, 189, 210, 218, 218, 473, 1277.
Cyclopean architecture
171, 171.
cyclotron
1730.
cylinder seals
84.
Cylon, Athenian noble
180.
Cyme
182, 184, 199.
Cymri
421.
Cynics
186.
Cynoscephalae
211, 233.
Cyprus
42, 95, 101, 109, 110, 113, 124, 172, 173, 176, 189, 193, 200, 208, 209, 214, 218, 218, 218, 320, 430, 432, 437, 505, 507, 539, 611, 611, 797, 955, 962, 1108, 1108, 1327, 1344, 1744, 1843, 2591, 2636, 2638, 2638, 2661, 2672, 2682, 2720, 2741, 2754, 2754, 2767, 3118, 3162, 3211, 3213, 3216, 3222, 3231, 3233, 3324, 3779, 3794, 3797, 3806, 3806, 3806, 3806, 3807, 3807, 3808, 3808, 3809, 3809, 3810, 3810, 3811, 3811, 3811, 3811, 3812, 3812; and Great Britain, 1344, 3806, 3807, 3807, 3807, 3808; WWI, 1748; independence, 3809; invasion by Turkey, 3809; Turkish Federated State of Cyprus, 3810; Turkish Republic of North Cyprus, 3810; Greek, 3811; Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, 3812.
Cypselus, tyrant of Corinth
178, 179.
Cyrankiewicz, Josef, Polish leader
3091, 3096, 3096, 3097, 3099.
Cyrenaica
95, 245, 321, 828, 1348, 1392, 1392, 1392, 1393, 1393, 2430, 2431, 2431, 2431, 2431, 2431, 2612, 3947, 3947, 3947.
Cyrene
95, 129, 177, 218, 218, 218.
Cyril, St.
409, 434.
Cyril, Constantine
440, 483, 483.
Cyril, Bulgarian prince and regent
2173.
Cyrillic alphabet
440, 440.
Cyrus, satrap of Anatolia
124.
Cyrus the Great, king of Persia
70, 88, 88, 95, 105, 109, 114, 114, 115, 119, 123, 124, 124, 177.
Cythera
196.
Cyzicus
177, 215.
Czartoryski, Adam Jerzy, Polish general and leader
781, 1256.
Czartoryski family
781.
Czaslau, battle of
660.
Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
3134.
Czech-German relations
1089.
Czech National Council
3136.
Czechoslovakia
1089, 1089, 1090, 1243, 1708, 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820, 1823, 1824, 1833, 1835, 1835, 1835, 1835, 1835, 1835, 1835, 1914, 1956, 2010, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2018, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2023, 2025, 2032, 2067, 2067, 2078, 2083, 2116, 2123, 2124, 2184, 2208, 2636, 2665, 2685, 2688, 2700, 2706, 2715, 2729, 2729, 2729, 2748, 2749, 2982, 3007, 3017, 3018, 3020, 3098, 3111, 3112, 3120, 3124, 3130, 3132, 3134, 3135, 3137, 3137, 3142, 3151, 3166, 3238, 3250, 3283, 3907, 4100; renaissance, 1073; WWI, 1769, 1778, 1778, 1778, 1778, 1778, 1787; independence, 1778, 1779, 1785; WWII, 1814, 2593; between Wars, 1832; first crisis, 1835; second crisis, 1835; occupation by Germany, 1835; annexation by Germany, 1837, 1991; and Germany, 1991; extinction by Germany, 1992; crisis, 2020, 2020, 2020, 2021, 2021; dismemberment, 2020; annihilation, 2021; and Hungary, 2031; WWII settlement, 2635; division, 2688; post-WWII, 3120, 3120, 3120, 3122; Communist, 3123, 3123, 3124, 3125, 3128, 3128, 3129, 3129, 3131, 3132, 3132; invasion by Russia, 3128, 3282; human rights manifesto, 3132; 1989 Revolution (Velvet Revolution), 3133; liberalization, 3133, 3133, 3133, 3134, 3134, 3136; two countries, 3136. See Czech Republic; Slovak Republic; Slovakia.
Czechoslovak Musician's Union Jazz Section
3132.
Czechoslovak National Committee
2021.
Czechoslovak National Council
1778.
Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party
3123.
Czech Republic
2688, 2697, 2752, 2754, 2754, 2754, 2756, 2757, 3118, 3118, 3120, 3136, 3137, 3137, 3137, 3137, 3137, 3137, 3138, 3138, 3138, 3139, 3139, 3140, 3162, 3163, 3324. See Czechoslovakia.
Czechs
482, 483, 483, 483, 560.
Czernin, Ottokar, Austrian leader
1771, 1772.
Czernowitz
757, 1740, 1792, 1802, 1803.
D
 
Dabbas, Charles, Lebanese leader
2379, 2379.
Dacca University, Pakistan
4003.
Dacia
245, 252, 252, 253, 257, 257, 258, 402.
Dacian Wars
252, 253.
Dacko, David, leader of Central African Republic
4333, 4333, 4333, 4334.
da Costa, Guilherma Posser, leader of São Tomé and Príncipe
4376.
da Costa, Manuel Pinto, leader of São Tomé and Príncipe
4374, 4374, 4374, 4374.
da Cruz, Viriato, scholar
4432.
Daddah, Moktar Ould, Mauritanian leader
4364, 4364.
Daendels, Herman, Dutch soldier
1412.
Daewoo
2640.
Dagan
101.
Dagestan
2756, 3370.
Daghistan
807, 955.
Dagmar Reform, Sweden
3065.
Dagobert, Merovingian ruler
407, 483, 505.
Dagohoy, and rebellion in the Philippines
867.
Dagon
108.
Dagu
1417, 1424, 2486.
Daguerre, Louis J. M., photographer
989.
daguerreotypes
989.
Dahanayake, Wijayananda, Ceylonese leader
4028.
Dahomey
579, 869, 873, 876, 876, 876, 877, 1515, 1517, 1517, 1517, 2555, 2555, 2559, 4325, 4329, 4329, 4329; independence, 4329. See Benin.
Dahushan
2466.
Dahyauka, Median chieftain
123.
Daiichi Bank, Japan
2488, 4242.
dáil Eireann
1861, 1861, 1863, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1870, 1873, 1873, 1876, 2807.
Daimler, Gottlieb, inventor
981, 990.
daimyos
1442, 1448, 1448.
Dairen
See Dalian.
Dai Viêt
376, 397, 398, 399, 399, 399, 399, 399, 399, 399.
Dai Zhen, Chinese philosopher and philologist
854.
Dakar, French West Africa
2556, 2556, 2556, 2556, 2557, 2611, 4323, 4325, 4378.
Dakar, University of
4323, 4378.
Dakar-Bamako railroad
4320.
Dakhil Gateway
333.
Daladier, Édouard, French leader
1835, 1835, 1835, 1838, 1901, 1914, 1914, 1914, 1914, 1915, 2427.
Dalai Lama, Tibetan Buddhist leader
853, 2682, 3962, 4146, 4151, 4151; in 1720, 852.
Dale, Thomas
924.
D'Alema, Massimo, Italian leader
2950, 2951, 2952.
D'Alembert, Jean, French historian
645.
Dalgas, Enrico, Danish reformer
1251.
Dalhousie, Lord, James Andrew Broun, governor-general of India
1396, 1396.
Dalhousie College
1625.
Dali
1417.
Dalian
969, 969, 1423, 1462, 1464, 2486.
 
 
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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The Encyclopedia of World History
The Usborne Internet-Linked Encyclopedia of World History
ISBN: 0794503322
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2002
Pages: 874
Authors: Jane Bingham

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