2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 The Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) Channel
2.1.2 Margin, Gap, and Capacity
2.2 Baseband Transmission
2.2.1 The 2B1Q Line Code (ISDN and HDSL)
2.2.2 Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)
2.2.3 Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI)
2.2.4 ANSI T1 Transmission (T1.403)
2.3 Passband Transmission
2.3.1 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
2.3.2 Carrierless Amplitude/Phase Modulation (CAP)
2.2.3 Constellations for QAM/CAP
2.3.4 Complex Baseband Equivalents
2.4 Equalization
2.4.1 Linear Equalization
2.4.2 Decision Feedback Equalization
2.5 Discrete Multitone Transmission ( DMT )
2.5.1 Capacity of the AWGN Channel
2.5.2 Basic Multichannel Transmission
2.5.3 Loading Algorithms
2.5.4 Channel Partitioning
2.5.5 Discrete Multitone Transmission (DMT)
2.6 Impairment Modeling
2.6.1 Background Noise
2.6.2 Other Noises
2.6.3 Radio Noise
2.6.4 Combining Different Crosstalk Signals and Noise
2.6.5 Total Noise Power Spectral Density
