Index_O

O

Objective functions, 183

Object oriented analysis and design (OOAD), 515 “516

Observed frequency, 422

Occupational safety laws, 54

Occurrence rating, 249;

see also severity rating

in design FMEA, 249

and lowering risks, 267, 276

in machinery FMEA, 282

in process FMEA, 250

reducing, 253

Odd part out method, 219

OE (operating expense), 458, 460 “461

OEE (overall equipment effectiveness), 349, 356, 363

Office equipment, accounting of, 675

Omega method, 425

One Idea Club method, 124

One in, one out manufacturing process, 207

Ongoing program/project manager approach, 199

Online databases, 145

OOAD (object oriented analysis and design), 515 “516

Open systems, 35

Operating characteristic curve, 313

Operating expense (OE), 458, 460 “461

Operating hours, 525

Operating instructions, 73

Operating leverage, 682

Operating margin, 668

Operating profits, 484

Operational management, 601

Operational results, 23, 25

Operations mistakes, 214

Operations process benchmarking, 123

Operator errors, 526

Operator-paced free-transfer machines, 206

Operator to operator errors, 526

Opportunity cost, 195, 703

Optical measurements, 527

Optimal inventory cycle, 707

Optimization algorithms, 184 “185

Optimization loops , 184

Optimum design, 183

Organizational change, and benchmarking, 126 “129

Organizational suboptimization, 36

Organization expense, as noncurrent assets, 667

Orthogonal arrays, 383 “384, 386

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), 147

Outer arrays, 393

Outliers, 312

Out of pocket costs, 704

Output

in process flow diagrams, 61

of teams , 28

Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE), 349, 356, 363

Overarching customers, 54

Overhead costs, 36, 130

Oxidation, 294