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Failure
causes of, 110–11
controls for, 111
defined, 110
design to eliminate, 115, 118
distribution function, 205
effects of, 111
global, 111
instantaneous rate, 206
local, 111
of machine, 117
modes, 197
Failure mode
analysis (FMA), 112
and critical analysis (FMCA), 106, 109, 112
Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA)
benefits of, 109
compared to other tools, 111–13
completing an FMEA, 122–23
as continual improvement practice, 6
defined, 106
for design, 114–15, 189
in DFSS training, 264
in DMAIC model, 38, 39
forms, 118, 119
guidelines, 118, 120–21
inherent failure mechanisms, 108
prerequisites, 107
problem complexity and, 106
for processes, 8, 115–18
recommended action, 121–22
RPN in, 121
in service domain, 236
team, 114
vocabulary of, 109–11
See also Failure
Fault tree analysis (FTA), 109, 111–12, 189, 236
Faulty product, 109
FDA, 111
Feedback, 24–26
Final yield, 13, 22
First
pass yield formula, 22
time yield, 13
5Ms (machine, material, method, measurement, manpower), 35
5Ss (sorting, storage, shining, standardizing, sustaining), 103, 105
Focus groups, 28
Ford Motor Company, 1, 5, 175
Formulas for six sigma, 11–13, 22
Frequency
curve, 57
distribution, 57–59, 60
histogram, 34, 57, 59, 63
polygon, 57
Function
structures, 206–9
trees, 156
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