Appendix D: Example of using the Quality Charts in the QFD Process for Each of the Stages

Design stage 1—Advanced engineering

Phase 1: Innovation targets for systems

Task / Chart	Purpose / Comments
I-1 Matrix data	Decide what business you are in.
I-2 New concept Selection chart	"Blue Sky" New directions for product.
I-3 Market research Kano 3 arrows and survey Results matrix	Determine voice of customer.
I-4 K-J and Tree 2 Levels (see Figure D.1)	Understand voice of customer.

Figure D.1: K-J and tree 2 levels

I - 5 A-1 Part 1 House of quality	Learn customer priorities.
I - 6 A-1 Quality characteristics	Purpose Identify key items to measure and control. Benchmarking/competitive analysis. Preliminary targets.
I - 7 A-2 Voice of engineer (function) vs. Quality characteristics	Identify missing quality characteristics. Identify over-design.
B-1 Part 1 Voice of engineering vs. Voice of customer	Learn engineering priorities (Saaty method). Learn conflicts between voice of engineer and voice of customer. Alternate approach to learn engineering priorities.

I-8 B-3 Factor analysis (Taguchi)	In the light of combined voice of customer and voice of engineer.
Breakthrough targets	Analyze needed breakthroughs (factor analysis). Set preliminary breakthrough targets.

Phase 2 -: Innovation ideas for systems

I - 9 C-1 New technology vs. systems	In light of breakthrough targets Identify potential new technology. Select system changes based on new technology.
I -10 C-2 Part 1 Systems vs. functions	Identify key systems based on voice of engineer (functions).
I - 11 C-3 Part 1 Systems vs. Quality characteristics	Identify key systems based on quality characteristics.
I -12 B-2 Cost analysis Total product (Preliminary)	In light of key systems and potential new technology, do preliminary cost targets.
I -13 B-1 Part 2	Identify target functions for cost reduction.
I - 14 C-2 Part 2	Identify target systems for cost reduction.

Phase 3 -: Innovation engineering for systems

I - 15 F-2 Reviewed dendogram	Draw a diagram of potential system and cost improvements based on data from I - 8 through I - 14 and record on reviewed dendogram.
I - 16 F-1, F-2, F-3 Value engineering Factor analysis, finite element method	Develop engineering breakthroughs on systems and cost using value engineering, factor analysis, finite element method and other tools of engineering breakthrough.
I -17 Revise cost analysis B-2 based on engineering breakthroughs	Evaluate competitive cost position based on eng. breakthroughs. If satisfactory, go on to step I - 18. If not satisfactory, review steps I - 13, I - 14, I - 15, and I - 16 for alternatives.
I - 18 Revise targets A-1 based on engineering and cost breakthroughs	Check to see how new systems and new technology stack up against competitors.
I - 19 Cost / Benefit Analysis (see Figure D.2)

Figure D.2: Cost/Benefit analysis