The TCPIP Model

The TCP/IP Model

The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Model is similar to the OSI Reference Model. However, the big difference is that it consists of only four layers rather than seven.

• Application Layer: Consists of network applications and processes and loosely corresponds to the upper layers of the OSI model (Application, Presentation, and Session Layers).

• Host-to-Host Transport Layer: Provides end-to-end delivery and corresponds to the OSI Transport Layer.

• Internet Layer: Defines the IP datagram and routing and corresponds to the OSI Network Layer.

• Network Access (or Link) Layer: Contains routines for accessing physical networks and corresponds to the OSI Data Link and Physical Layers.