Answers from Chapter Nine

1.	The answer is C. These two types of scope are discussed in the PMBOK. They are on the exam and are helpful to the project manager in differentiating between tasks that he or she must do to be successful on a project. Without either of these scope types, the project is in trouble because what is expected of the project manager and project team is not clearly delineated.
2.	The answer is D. In order to complete a project, the entire project plan must be executed. It is not simply a matter of working with a Scope Statement. Completion of the project includes everything within the project plan.
3.	The answer is D.
4.	The answer is C. It is helpful to know both of these definitions. You will see them on the test. Both scope types must be integrated to ensure successful completion of the project. That means that the product outlined in the product requirements is successfully delivered against the schedule and full project plan.
5.	The answer is C. This is a part of the scope management knowledge area.
6.	The answer is B. For the most part, small projects do not include formal authorization of advancement to each phase as a part of the overall scope management of the project.
7.	The answer is A. Unless you are independently wealthy and enjoy paying for projects you work on, someone has to authorize the project. This someone has to have the authority to release resources to get the project done.
8.	The answer is B. There are many reasons for authorizing a project. The PMBOK lists several others under section 5.1. Remember that the reasons for authorizing a project are most often market-driven and usually contain the constraints of cost and schedule. For instance, just because there is a market demand for a particular product doesn't mean your organization should authorize a project to plan and build it if the product is not in the organization's strategic plan.
9.	The answer is C. Do not leave the details for a later date if you can get them early in the planning process. The more clarity you have about the details of the project's product, the better you will be at writing the overall plan. Answer A does not work because you can begin doing various types of planning, such as risk management planning, without knowing the complete details of the product itself.
10.	The answer is D. Unless this connection is made, the project will almost always be unsuccessful.
11.	The answer is A. Before an organization engages an outside project manager, a clear product description should be constructed.
12.	The answer is B. All of the other answers may be important, but for most organizations, the justification of a project has to be done on a financial basis before considering other areas. The only instance where financial considerations are not the top consideration is when regulatory control forces a project to be done in order to comply with the law.
13.	The answer is B. Benefit measurement measures one project against another and gives the organization information with which to select projects by comparing the benefits of each. Only in the case of a mandated project is there little concern about the benefits derived from the project.
14.	The answer is D. Although these are important methods only for a limited number of projects, they can be very valuable. You certainly do not have to know how to run these methods for the exam.
15.	The answer is A. Expert judgment is often the most effective way of dealing with questions concerning choices of projects. Experts should save time for you but will cost something. Use them; they are worth it.
16.	The answer is B. The project manager should be assigned as early as possible so that control of the project begins immediately. There will be times when a project manager is not assigned until the project has started. Usually this means that someone is actually acting as the project manager but that the title and position are not filled. If you come into a project after it is started, look for as much documentation as you can. It is particularly important to understand the assumptions and constraints that are part of the project. It is also extremely important that you know the business reason for the selection of the project and how the project fits into the priorities of the organization.
17.	The answer is C. As discussed previously, this document does not always get done. But the areas is it supposed to control are ones that a project manager should view and manage for the project to be successful.
18.	The answer is A. Although these are also quantitative types of analysis, the answer that is looked for on the exam is financial.
19.	The answer is D. You are being asked to think of alternative possibilities rather than doing a project as proposed. This is a good exercise if it is controlled. Although at the beginning of brainstorming meetings, any suggestion should be noted and kept, there will be a time when reality sets in and the alternative suggestions must be justified by the person suggesting them.
20.	The answer is B. Only people trained in the major engineering types of product analysis should attempt to use these techniques to gain a better understanding of the product of the project. These techniques are not easily learned and require a good background in a variety of mathematical analytics. In other words, if you do not understand how to use them, do not even try.
21.	The answer is A. The Charter is a separate document done before the Scope Statement, but its contents should be a part of the overall Scope Statement.
22.	The answer is C. The detail is not put directly into the Scope Statement itself. References to where the detail can be found should be in the Scope Statement, not the actual detail itself.
23.	The answer is D. Deliverables are the mark of a controlled project and as such should be planned early on in the project.
24.	The answer is C. Take charge of a project by writing down the final deliverable early and you will be much more able to close the project.
25.	The answer is C. By looking at errors and omissions in previous projects, you may be able to avoid the same mistakes in your current project.
26.	The answer is B. Decomposition is the word used in the PMBOK to define the breaking down of the WBS.
27.	The answer is D. If the tasks listed in the WBS are longer than this, it will be very difficult to have control over them.
28.	The answer is C. Always have these types of results, or else you will not have a good way of measuring whether the task has been done.
29.	The answer is A. The stakeholders accept what is being done during scope verification, and the correctness of the results is determined during the quality control process.
30.	The answer is D. These are all inputs into scope verification.
31.	The answer is A. This question is, once again, an example of a question where there is more than one feasible answer. You need to know the definition according to PMBOK, which makes A the correct answer.
32.	The answer is B. Inspection tells you whether the requirements have been met or whether there is compliance with other planning documents.
33.	The answer is B. This procedure defines how project scope can be changed.
34.	The answer here is also B. Both the tool within the process and the process itself are called the same thing according to the PMBOK.
35.	The answer is D. When you change the project plan by taking out some parts of the final deliverable, you have descoped the project.
36.	The answer is C. The project manager is the one who determines whether corrective action is taken. During the planning of the project, it is a good idea to get agreement on how much variance is acceptable. This is particularly true of the sponsor.
37.	The answer is C. Make sure you know which breakdown is being considered when you see the letters RBS.
38.	The answer is B. This is the plan that describes the various processes used to manage the scope plan, not the scope plan itself.
39.	The answer is B. The WBS dictionary is helpful in holding detail about the tasks listed in the WBS.