double rad2deg(double number) | | Converts number from radians to degrees and returns the result.
int rand([int min, int max]) | | Returns a random number from min to max, inclusive. If the min and max parameters are not provided, returns a random number from 0 to the value returned by the getrandmax( ) function.
array range(mixed first, mixed second) | | Creates and returns an array containing integers or characters from first to second, inclusive. If second is a lower value than first, the sequence of values is returned in the opposite order.
string rawurldecode(string url) | | Returns a string created from decoding the URI-encoded url. Sequences of characters beginning with a % followed by a hexadecimal number are replaced with the literal the sequence represents.
string rawurlencode(string url) | | Returns a string created by URI encoding url. Certain characters are replaced by sequences of characters beginning with a % followed by a hexadecimal number; for example, spaces are replaced with %20.
string readdir(int handle) | | Returns the name of the next file in the directory referenced by handle; the order in which files in a directory are returned by calls to readdir( ) is undefined. If there are no more files in the directory to return, readdir( ) returns false.
int readfile(string path[, bool include]) | | Reads the file at path and outputs the contents. If include is specified and is true, the include path is searched for the file. If path begins with http://, an HTTP connection is opened and the file is read from it. If path begins with ftp://, an FTP connection is opened and the file is read from it; the remote server must support passive FTP. This function returns the number of bytes output.
string readlink(string path) | | Returns the path contained in the symbolic link file path. If path does not exist or is not a symbolic link file, or if any other error occurs, the function returns false.
string realpath(string path) | | Expands all symbolic links, resolves references to /./ and /../, removes extra / characters in path, and returns the result. | register_shutdown_function | |
void register_shutdown_function(string function) | | Registers a shutdown function. The function is called when the page completes processing. You can register multiple shutdown functions, and they will be called in the order in which they were registered. If a shutdown function contains an exit command, functions registered after that function will not be called. Because the shutdown function is called after the page has completely processed, you cannot add data to the page with print( ), echo( ), or similar functions or commands.
void register_tick_function(string name[, mixed arg1[, mixed arg2 [, ... mixed argN]]]) | | Registers the function name to be called on each tick. The function is called with the given arguments. Obviously, registering a tick function can have a serious impact on the performance of your script.
int rename(string old, string new) | | Renames the file old to new and returns true if the renaming was successful and false if not.
Resets the array's internal pointer to the first element and returns the value of that element.
void restore_error_handler( ) | | Reverts to the error handler in place prior to the most recent call to set_error_handler( ).
Sets the file pointer for handle to the beginning of the file. Returns true if the operation was successful and false if not.
void rewinddir(int handle) | | Sets the file pointer for handle to the beginning of the list of files in the directory.
Removes the directory path. If the directory is not empty or the PHP process does not have appropriate permissions, or if any other error occurs, false is returned. If the directory is successfully deleted, true is returned.
double round(double number[, int precision]) | | Returns the integer value nearest to number at the precision number of decimal places. The default for precision is 0 (integer rounding). Note that this function provides proper rounding odd whole numbers are rounded up on a .5, even whole numbers are rounded down on a .5. That is: $first = round(1.5); // $first is 2 $second = round(2.5); // $second is also 2! If you want the rounding taught to you in grade school, either add a small number (smaller than the precision you're after), or, if you're using whole numbers, add .5 and call floor( ) on the result.
void rsort(array array[, int flags]) | | Sorts an array in reverse order by value. The optional second parameter contains additional sorting flags. See Chapter 5 and sort for more information on using this function.
string rtrim(string string[, string characters]) | | Returns string with all characters in characters stripped from the end. If characters is not specified, the characters stripped are \n, \r, \t, \v, \0, and spaces.
string serialize(mixed value) | | Returns a string containing a binary data representation of value. This string can be used to store the data in a database or file, for example, and later restored using unserialize( ). Except for resources, any kind of value can be serialized.
string set_error_handler(string function) | | Sets the named function as the current error handler. The error-handler function is called whenever an error occurs; the function can do whatever it wants, but typically will print an error message and clean up after a critical error happens. The user-defined function is called with two parameters, an error code and a string describing the error. Three additional parameters may also be supplied the filename in which the error occurred, the line number at which the error occurred, and the context in which the error occurred (which is an array pointing to the active symbol table). set_error_handler( ) returns the name of the previously installed error-handler function, or false if an error occurred while setting the error handler (e.g., when function doesn't exist).
int set_file_buffer(int handle, int size) | | Sets the file buffer size for the file referenced by handle to size bytes. Writes to a file are committed to disk only when the file's buffer is full. By default, a file's buffer is set to 8 KB. If size is 0, writes are unbuffered and any write to the file will happen as the write occurs. Returns 0 if the operation is successful and EOF if it fails.
int set_magic_quotes_runtime(int setting) | | Sets the value of magic_quotes_runtime to either on (setting=1) or off (setting=0). See get_magic_quotes_runtime for more information. Returns the previous value of magic_quotes_runtime.
void set_time_limit(int timeout) | | Sets the timeout for the current script to timeout seconds and restarts the timeout timer. By default, the timeout is set to 30 seconds or the value for max_execution_time set in the current configuration file. If a script does not finish executing within the time provided, a fatal error is generated and the script is killed. If timeout is 0, the script will never time out.
void setcookie(string name[, string value[, int expiration[, string path [, string domain[, bool is_secure]]]]]) | | Generates a cookie and passes it along with the rest of the header information. Because cookies are set in the HTTP header, setcookie( ) must be called before any output is generated. If only name is specified, the cookie with that name is deleted from the client. The value argument specifies a value for the cookie to take, expiration is a Unix timestamp value defining a time the cookie should expire, and the path and domain parameters define a domain for the cookie to be associated with. If is_secure is true, the cookie will be transmitted only over a secure HTTP connection.
string setlocale(mixed category, string locale) | | Sets the locale for category functions to locale. Returns the current locale after being set, or false if the locale cannot be set. Any number of options for category can be added (or ORed) together. The following options are available: | LC_ALL (default) | All of the following categories | | LC_COLLATE | String comparisons | | LC_CTYPE | Character classification and conversion | | LC_MONETARY | Monetary functions | | LC_NUMERIC | Numeric functions | | LC_TIME | Time and date formatting | If locale is 0 or the empty string, the current locale is unaffected.
bool settype(mixed value, string type) | | Converts value to the given type. Possible types are "boolean", "integer", "double", "string", "array", and "object". Returns true if the operation was successful and false if not. Using this function is the same as typecasting value to the appropriate type.
string shell_exec(string command) | | Executes command via the shell and returns the last line of output from the command's result. This function is called when you use the backtick operator (``).
void shuffle(array array) | | Rearranges the values in array into a random order. Keys for the values are lost. Before you call shuffle( ), be sure to seed the random-number generator using srand( ).
int similar_text(string one, string two[, double percent]) | | Calculates the similarity between the strings one and two. If passed by reference, percent gets the percent by which the two strings differ.
Returns the arc sine of value in radians.
This function is an alias for count( ).
Pauses execution of the current script for time seconds.
array socket_get_status(resource socket) | | Returns an associative array containing information about socket. The following values are returned: | timed_out | true if the socket has timed out waiting for data | | blocked | true if the socket is blocked | | eof | true if an EOF event has been raised | | unread_bytes | The number of unread bytes in the socket buffer |
int socket_set_blocking(resource socket, bool mode) | | If mode is true, sets socket to blocking mode; if mode is false, sets socket to nonblocking mode. In blocking mode, functions that get data from a socket (such as fgets( )) wait for data to become available in the socket before returning. In nonblocking mode, such calls return immediately, even when the result is empty.
bool socket_set_timeout(int socket, int seconds, int microseconds) | | Sets the timeout for socket to the sum of seconds and microseconds. Returns true if the operation was successful and false if not.
void sort(array array[, int flags]) | | Sorts the values in the given array in ascending order. For more control over the behavior of the sort, provide the second parameter, which is one of the following values: | SORT_REGULAR (default) | Compare the items normally. | | SORT_NUMERIC | Compare the items numerically. | | SORT_STRING | Compare the items as strings. | See Chapter 5 for more information on using this function.
string soundex(string string) | | Calculates and returns the soundex key of string. Words that are pronounced similarly (and begin with the same letter) have the same soundex key.
array split(string pattern, string string[, int limit]) | | Returns an array of strings formed by splitting string on boundaries formed by the regular expression pattern. If limit is specified, at most that many substrings will be returned; the last substring will contain the remainder of string. If your split is such that you don't need regular expressions, explode( ) performs a similar function and is much faster.
array spliti(string pattern, string string[, int limit]) | | Returns an array of strings formed by splitting string on boundaries formed by the regular expression pattern. Pattern matching is performed in a case-insensitive manner. If limit is specified, at most that many substrings will be returned; the last substring will contain the remainder of string. This function is a case-insensitive version of split( ).
string sprintf(string format[, mixed value1[, ... mixed valueN]]) | | Returns a string created by filling format with the given arguments. See printf for more information on using this function.
string sql_regcase(string match) | | Creates and returns a regular expression pattern that matches match, ignoring case. The resulting pattern contains each character in match in each case; for example, given "O'Reilly", the function returns "[Oo]['] [Rr][Ee][Ii][Ll][Ll][Yy]".
double sqrt(double number) | | Returns the square root of number.
Seeds the standard pseudorandom-number generator with seed. You should call this function with a varying number, such as that returned by time( ), before making calls to rand( ).
mixed sscanf(string string, string format[, mixed variable1 ...]) | | Parses string for values of types given in format; the values found are either returned in an array or, if variable1 through variableN (which must be variables passed by reference) are given, in those variables. The format string is the same as that used in sprintf( ). For example: $name = sscanf("Name: k.tatroe", "Name: %s"); // $name has "k.tatroe" list($month, $day, $year) = sscanf("June 30, 2001", "%s %d, %d"); $count = sscanf("June 30, 2001", "%s %d, %d", &$month, &$day, &$year);
Returns an associative array of information about the file path. If path is a symbolic link, information about the file path references is returned. See fstat for a list of the values returned and their meanings.
string str_pad(string string, string length[, string pad[, int type]]) | | Pads string using pad until it is at least length characters and returns the resulting string. By specifying type, you can control where the padding occurs. The following values for type are accepted: | STR_PAD_RIGHT (default) | Pad to the right of string. | | STR_PAD_LEFT | Pad to the left of string. | | STR_PAD_BOTH | Pad on either side of string. |
string str_repeat(string string, int count) | | Returns a string consisting of count copies of string appended to each other. If count is not greater than 0, an empty string is returned.
mixed str_replace(mixed search, mixed replace, mixed string) | | Searches for all occurrences of search in subject and replaces them with replace. If all three parameters are strings, a string is returned. If string is an array, the replacement is performed for every element in the array and an array of results is returned. If search and replace are both arrays, elements in search are replaced with the elements in replace with the same numeric indexes. Finally, if search is an array and replace is a string, any occurrence of any element in search is changed to replace.
int strcasecmp(string one, string two) | | Compares two strings; returns a number less than 0 if one is less than two, 0 if the two strings are equal, and a number greater than 0 if one is greater than two. The comparison is case-insensitive that is, "Alphabet" and "alphabet" are considered equal. This function is a case-insensitive version of strcmp( ).
string strchr(string string, string character) | | This function is an alias of strstr( ).
int strcmp(string one, string two) | | Compares two strings; returns a number less than 0 if one is less than two, 0 if the two strings are equal, and a number greater than 0 if one is greater than two. The comparison is case-sensitive that is, "Alphabet" and "alphabet" are not considered equal.
int strcoll(string one, string two) | | Compares two strings using the rules of the current locale; returns a number less than 0 if one is less than two, 0 if the two strings are equal, and a number greater than 0 if one is greater than two. The comparison is case-sensitive that is, "Alphabet" and "alphabet" are not considered equal.
int strcspn(string string, string characters) | | Returns the position of the first instance of a character from characters in string.
string strftime(string format[, int timestamp]) | | Formats a time and date according to the format string provided in the first parameter and the current locale. If the second parameter is not specified, the current time and date is used. The following characters are recognized in the format string: | %a | Name of the day of the week as a three-letter abbreviation; e.g., "Mon" | | %A | Name of the day of the week; e.g., "Monday" | | %b | Name of the month as a three-letter abbreviation; e.g., "Aug" | | %B | Name of the month; e.g., "August" | | %c | Date and time in the preferred format for the current locale | | %C | The last two digits of the century | | %d | Day of the month as two digits, including a leading zero if necessary; e.g., "01" through "31" | | %D | Same as %m/%d/%y | | %e | Day of the month as two digits, including a leading space if necessary; e.g., "1" through "31" | | %h | Same as %b | | %H | Hour in 24-hour format, including a leading zero if necessary; e.g., "00" through "23" | | %I | Hour in 12-hour format; e.g., "1" through "12" | | %j | Day of the year, including leading zeros as necessary; e.g., "001" through "366" | | %m | Month, including a leading zero if necessary; e.g., "01" through "12" | | %M | Minutes | | %n | The newline character (\n) | | %p | "am" or "pm" | | %r | Same as %I:%M:%S %p | | %R | Same as %H:%M:%S | | %S | Seconds | | %t | The tab character (\t) | | %T | Same as %H:%M:%S | | %u | Numeric day of the week, starting with "1" for Monday | | %U | Numeric week of the year, starting with the first Sunday | | %V | ISO 8601:1998 numeric week of the year week 1 starts on the Monday of the first week that has at least four days | | %W | Numeric week of the year, starting with the first Monday | | %w | Numeric day of the week, starting with "0" for Sunday | | %x | The preferred date format for the current locale | | %X | The preferred time format for the current locale | | %y | Year with two digits; e.g., "98" | | %Y | Year with four digits; e.g., "1998" | | %Z | Time zone or name or abbreviation | | %% | The percent sign (%) |
string stripcslashes(string string, string characters) | | Converts instances of characters after a backslash in string by removing the backslash before them. You can specify ranges of characters by separating them by two periods; for example, to unescape characters between a and q, use "a..q". Multiple characters and ranges can be specified in characters. The stripcslashes( ) function is the inverse of addcslashes( ).
string stripslashes(string string) | | Converts instances of escape sequences that have special meaning in SQL queries in string by removing the backslash before them. Single quotes ('), double quotes ("), backslashes (\), and the NUL-byte ("\0") are escaped. This function is the inverse of addslashes( ).
string strip_tags(string string[, string allowed]) | | Removes PHP and HTML tags from string and returns the result. The allowed parameter can be specified to not remove certain tags. The string should be a comma-separated list of the tags to ignore; for example, "<b>,<i>" will leave bold and italics tags.
string stristr(string string, string search) | | Looks for search inside of string, using a case-insensitive comparison. Returns the portion of string from the first occurrence of search to the end of string. If search is not found, the function returns false. This function is a case-insensitive version of strstr( ).
int strlen(string string) | | Returns the number of characters in string.
int strnatcasecmp(string one, string two) | | Compares two strings; returns a number less than 0 if one is less than two, 0 if the two strings are equal, and a number greater than 0 if one is greater than two. The comparison is case-insensitive that is, "Alphabet" and "alphabet" are not considered equal. The function uses a "natural order" algorithm numbers in the strings are compared more naturally than computers normally do. For example, the values "1", "10", and "2" are sorted in that order by strcmp( ), but strnatcmp( ) orders them "1", "2", and "10". This function is a case-insensitive version of strnatcmp( ).
int strnatcmp(string one, string two) | | Compares two strings; returns a number less than 0 if one is less than two, 0 if the two strings are equal, and a number greater than 0 if one is greater than two. The comparison is case-sensitive that is, "Alphabet" and "alphabet" are not considered equal. The strnatcmp( ) function uses a "natural order" algorithm numbers in the strings are compared more naturally than computers normally do. For example, the values "1", "10", and "2" are sorted in that order by strcmp( ), but strnatcmp( ) orders them "1", "2", and "10".
int strncmp(string one, string two[, int length]) | | Compares two strings; returns a number less than 0 if one is less than two, 0 if the two strings are equal, and a number greater than 0 if one is greater than two. The comparison is case-sensitive that is, "Alphabet" and "alphabet" are not considered equal. If specified, no more than length characters are compared. If either string is shorter than length characters, the length of that string determines how many characters are compared.
int strpos(string string, string value[, int offset]) | | Returns the position of the first occurrence of value in string. If specified, the function begins its search at position offset. Returns false if value is not found.
string strrchr(string string, string character) | | Returns the portion of string from the last occurrence of character until the end of string. If character is not found, the function returns false. If character contains more than one character, only the first is used.
string strrev(string string) | | Returns a string containing the characters of string in reverse order. For example: $string = strrev("Hello, world"); // contains "dlrow ,olleH"
int strrpos(string string, string search) | | Returns the position of the last occurrence of search in string, or false if search is not found.
int strspn(string string, string characters) | | Returns the length of the substring in string that consists solely of characters in characters.
string strstr(string string, string character) | | Returns the portion of string from the first occurrence of character until the end of string. If character is not found, the function returns false. If character contains more than one character, only the first is used.
string strtok(string string, string token) string strtok(string token) | | Breaks string into tokens separated by any of the characters in token and returns the next token found. The first time you call strtok( ) on a string, use the first function prototype; afterwards, use the second, providing only the tokens. The function contains an internal pointer for each string it is called with. For example: $string = "This is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country." $current = strtok($string, " .;,\"'"); while(!($current === FALSE)) { print($current . "<br />"; }
string strtolower(string string) | | Returns string with all alphabetic characters converted to lowercase. The table used for converting characters is locale-specific.
int strtotime(string time[, int timestamp]) | | Converts an English description of a time and date into a Unix timestamp value. Optionally, a timestamp can be given that the function uses as the "now" value; if not, the current date and time is used. The descriptive string can be in a number of formats. For example, all of the following will work: echo strtotime("now"); echo strtotime("+1 week"); echo strtotime("-1 week 2 days 4 seconds"); echo strtotime("2 January 1972");
string strtoupper(string string) | | Returns string with all alphabetic characters converted to uppercase. The table used for converting characters is locale-specific.
string strtr(string string, string from, string to) | | Returns a string created by translating in string every occurrence of a character in from to the character in to with the same position.
string strval(mixed value) | | Returns the string equivalent for value. If value is a nonscalar value (object or array), the function returns an empty string.
string substr(string string, int offset[, int length]) | | Returns the substring of string. If offset is positive, the substring starts at that character; if it is negative, the substring starts at the character offset characters from the string's end. If length is given and is positive, that many characters from the start of the substring are returned. If length is given and is negative, the substring ends length characters from the end of string. If length is not given, the substring contains all characters to the end of string.
int substr_count(string string, string search) | | Returns the number of times search appears in string.
string substr_replace(string string, string replace, string offset[, int length]) | | Replaces a substring in string with replace. The substring replaced is selected using the same rules as those of substr( ).
int symlink(string path, string new) | | Creates a symbolic link to path at the path new. Returns true if the link was successfully created and false if not.
int syslog(int priority, string message) | | Sends an error message to the system logging facility. On Unix systems, this is syslog(3); on Windows NT, the messages are logged in the NT Event Log. The message is logged with the given priority, which is one of the following (listed in decreasing order of priority): | LOG_EMERG | Error has caused the system to be unstable | | LOG_ALERT | Error notes a situation that requires immediate action | | LOG_CRIT | Error is a critical condition | | LOG_ERR | Error is a general error condition | | LOG_WARNING | Message is a warning | | LOG_NOTICE | Message is a normal, but significant, condition | | LOG_INFO | Error is an informational message that requires no action | | LOG_DEBUG | Error is for debugging only | If message contains the characters %m, they are replaced with the current error message, if any is set. Returns true if the logging succeeded and false if a failure occurred.
string system(string command[, int return]) | | Executes command via the shell and returns the last line of output from the command's result. If return is specified, it is set to the return status of the command .
Returns the arc tangent of value in radians.
string tempnam(string path, string prefix) | | Generates and returns a unique filename in the directory path. If path does not exist, the resulting temporary file may be located in the system's temporary directory. The filename is prefixed with prefix. Returns a null string if the operation could not be performed.
Returns the current Unix timestamp.
Creates a temporary file with a unique name, opens it with write privileges, and returns a resource to the file.
bool touch(string path[, int time]) | | Sets the modification date of path to time (a Unix timestamp value). If not specified, time defaults to the current time. If the file does not exist, it is created. Returns true if the function completed without error and false if an error occurred.
void trigger_error(string error[, int type]) | | Triggers an error condition; if the type is not given, it defaults to E_USER_NOTICE. The following types are valid: | E_USER_ERROR | User-generated error | | E_USER_WARNING | User-generated warning | | E_USER_NOTICE (default) | User-generated notice | The error string will be truncated to 1KB of text if it is longer than 1KB.
string trim(string string) | | Returns string with all whitespace characters stripped from the beginning and end; the characters stripped are \n, \r, \t, \v, \0, and spaces.
void uasort(array array, string function) | | Sorts an array using a user-defined function, maintaining the keys for the values. See Chapter 5 and usort for more information on using this function.
string ucfirst(string string) | | Returns string with the first character, if alphabetic, converted to uppercase. The table used for converting characters is locale-specific.
string ucwords(string string) | | Returns string with the first character of each word, if alphabetic, converted to uppercase. The table used for converting characters is locale-specific.
void uksort(array array, string function) | | Sorts an array by keys using a user-defined function, maintaining the keys for the values. SeeChapter 5 and usort for more information on using this function.
Sets PHP's default permissions to mask and returns the previous mask if successful, or false if an error occurred. The previous default permissions are restored at the end of the current script. If mask is not supplied, the current permissions are returned.
string uniqid(string prefix[, bool more_entropy]) | | Returns a unique identifier, prefixed with prefix, based on the current time in microseconds. If more_entropy is specified and is true, additional random characters are added to the end of the string. The resulting string is either 13 characters (if more_entropy is unspecified or false) or 23 characters (if more_entropy is true) long.
Deletes the file path. Returns true if the operation was successful and false if not.
array unpack(string format, string data) | | Returns an array of values retrieved from the binary string data, which was previously packed using the pack( ) function and the format format.
void unregister_tick_function(string name) | | Removes the function name, previously set using register_tick_function( ), as a tick function. It will no longer be called during each tick.
mixed unserialize(string data) | | Returns the value stored in data, which must be a value previously serialized using serialize( ).
void unset(mixed name[, mixed name2[, ... mixed nameN]]) | | Removes the given variables entirely; PHP will no longer know about the variables, even if they previously had values.
string urldecode(string url) | | Returns a string created from decoding the URI-encoded url. Sequences of characters beginning with a % followed by a hexadecimal number are replaced with the literal the sequence represents. See rawurldecode, which this function differs from in only in that it decodes plus signs (+) as spaces.
string urlencode(string url) | | Returns a string created by URI encoding url. Certain characters are replaced by sequences of characters beginning with a % followed by a hexadecimal number; for example, spaces are replaced with %20. This function differs from rawurlencode( ) in that it encodes spaces as plus signs (+).
void user_error(string error[, int type]) | | This function is an alias for trigger_error( ).
Pauses execution of the current script for time microseconds.
void usort(array array, string function) | | Sorts an array using a user-defined function. The supplied function is called with two parameters. It should return an integer less than if the first argument is less than the second, 0 if the first and second arguments are equal, and an integer greater than 0 if the first argument is greater than the second. The sort order of two elements that compare equal is undefined. See Chapter 5 for more information on using this function.
void var_dump(mixed name[, mixed name2[, ... mixed nameN]]) | | Outputs information, including the variable's type and value, about the given variables. The output is similar to that provided by print_r( ).
int version_compare(string one, string two[, string operator]) | | Compares two strings of the format "4.1.0" and returns -1 if one is less than two, 0 if they are equal, and 1 if one is greater than two. If operator is specified, the operator is used to make a comparison between the version strings, and the value of the comparison using that operator is returned. The possible operators are < or lt; <= or le; > or gt; >= or ge; ==, =, or eq; and !=, <>, and ne.
void vprintf(string format[, array values]) | | Prints a string created by filling format with the arguments given in the array values. See printf for more information on using this function.
string vsprintf(string format[, array values]) | | Creates and returns a string created by filling format with the arguments given in the array values. See printf for more information on using this function.
string wordwrap(string string[, int size[, string postfix[, int force]]]) | | Inserts postfix into string every size characters and at the end of the string, and returns the resulting string. While inserting breaks, the function attempts to not break in the middle of a word. If not specified, postfix defaults to \r\n and size defaults to 76. If force is given and is true, the string is always wrapped to the given length (this makes the function behave the same as chunk_split( )).
Returns an ID that you can use to link to the Zend logo. See php_logo_guid for example usage.
Returns the version of the Zend engine in the currently running PHP process. | 