Index[SYMBOL] [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [V] [W] [X] [Y] [Z] ! (exclamation point) <Emphasis>d</> (effect size) 2nd <Emphasis>t</> tests comparing groups effect size 2nd 3rd establishing validity measuring relationships purpose sample distribution variance and Z-test and |