Index[SYMBOL] [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [U] [V] [W] [X] [Y] [Z] ! (exclamation mark) != inequality operator 2nd !~ regular expression nonmatch ex command ftp command negating a pipeline, ksh negation in sed negation operator " " (quotation marks, double) metacharacters for pattern matching and filename expansion quoting in bash and ksh # (hash mark) #! command, in shell scripts .#file.revision comments in awk comments in sed comments in shell scripts #define statements (C), generating template file from $ (dollar sign) execute macro command, ftp field reference operator metacharacter prompt, bash and ksh commands $HOME/.profile file 2nd ${ ... } syntax, referencing arrays % (percent) %= assignment operator 2nd diff, format strings for metacharacter in replacement patterns modulus operator 2nd prompt & (ampersand) && AND operator 2nd &= assignment operator AND operator ex command metacharacter in replacement patterns ' ' (quotation marks, single) metacharacters for pattern matching and filename expansion quoting in bash and ksh ( ) (parentheses) escaped grouping in regular expression pattern matching in bc expressions shell patterns * (asterisk) ** exponentiation operator 2nd *= assignment operator 2nd metacharacter multiplication operator 2nd + (plus sign) ++ auto-increment operator 2nd += assignment operator 2nd addition operator 2nd metacharacter in pattern matching unary operator , (comma) operator - (hyphen) - - auto-decrement operator 2nd -= assignment operator 2nd in character ranges metamail command arguments negation operator subtraction operator 2nd tag names . (dot) command, bash and ksh . (dot) files . (dot), metacharacter .#file.revision .cvsignore file .cvspass file .cvsrc file .cvswrappers file .exrc file (example) .rhosts file / (slash) /* */, enclosing bc comments /= assignment operator 2nd division operator 2nd : (colon) bash and ksh command ex editor sed command :set command (vi) ; (semicolon), ;& instead of ;; ending ksh case < (left angle bracket) << bitwise shift operator <<= assignment operator <= less than or equal operator 2nd ex command less than operator 2nd = (equal sign) = = equality operator 2nd assignment operator 2nd ex command sed command > (right angle bracket) >= greater than or equal operator 2nd >> bitwise shift operator >>= assignment operator ex command greater than operator 2nd ? (question mark) ?: inline conditional evaluation 2nd ??, printed by addr2line ftp help command metacharacter in pattern matching regular expression pattern matching and filename expansion @ (at), ex command [ ] (brackets) [[ ]] command, bash and ksh array index in bc enclosing character classes metacharacter in pattern matching optional elements in syntax descriptions \ (backslash) escaping metacharacters quoting in bash and ksh \", beginning of an Emacs buffer \', end of an Emacs buffer \( \) metacharacters, enclosing subpatterns \B (interword match) \b (word boundary) escape sequence \e in replacement patterns \E in replacement patterns \L (lowercase), all characters in replacement pattern \l (lowercase), first character in replacement pattern \U (uppercase), all characters in replacement pattern \u (uppercase), first character in replacement pattern \W, matching any non-word character \w, matching any word character ^ (caret) ^= assignment operator 2nd exclusive OR operator exponentiation operator metacharacter in pattern matching beginning of line assertion inverting character class _ (underscores) tag names { } (braces) grouping statements in bc metacharacter in pattern matching sed editor, nesting command addresses | (continued) alternation in pattern matching in syntax descriptions multiple patterns separated by OR operator | (vertical bar) |& operator, two-way pipe to another process |= assignment operator || OR operator 2nd ~ (tilde) mail formatting escape sequences metacharacter in replacement patterns negation operator regular expression match operator shell variables, CVS ssh escape characters ~ !~ match regular expression and negation ~ (tilde), ex command |