When two or more authors are listed, each in a different institution, the addresses should be listed in the same order as the authors.
The primary problem arises when a paper is published by, let us say, three authors from two institutions. In such instances, each author's name and address should include an appropriate designation such as a superior a, b, or c after the author's name and before (or after) the appropriate address.
This convention is often useful to readers who may want to know whether R. Jones is at Yale or at Harvard. Clear identification of authors and addresses is also of prime importance to several of the secondary services. For these services to function properly, they need to know whether a paper published by J. Jones was authored by the J. Jones of Iowa State or the J. Jones of Cornell or the J. Jones of Cambridge University in England. Only when authors can be properly identified can their publications be grouped together in citation indexes.
Purposes
Remember that an address serves two purposes. It serves to identify the author; it also supplies (or should supply) the author's mailing address. The mailing address is necessary for many reasons, the most common one being to denote the source of reprints. Although it is not necessary as a rule to give street addresses for most institutions, it should be mandatory these days to provide postal codes.
Some journals use asterisks, footnotes, or the Acknowledgments to indicate "the person to whom inquiries regarding the paper should be addressed." Authors should be aware of journal policy in this regard, and they should decide in advance who is to purchase and distribute reprints and from what address (since normally it is the institution that purchases the reprints, not the individual).
Unless a scientist wishes to publish anonymously (or as close to it as possible), a full name and a full address should be considered obligatory.
