Abbreviations | Radiology Review Manual (Dahnert, Radiology Review Manual)

Authors: Dahnert, Wolfgang

Title: Radiology Review Manual, 6th Edition

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Abbreviations

radiologic sign

clinical sign, symptom

equals, is

at anatomic location of

or, per

and, plus, with

with or without

less than

more than, over

method

important comment

leads to

AAA

abdominal aortic aneurysm

ABC

aneurysmal bone cyst

abdominal circumference

ACA

anterior cerebral artery

ACE

angiotensin I converting enzyme

ACom

anterior communicating artery

ACTH

adrenocorticotropic hormone

ADEM

acute disseminated encephalo-myelitis

ADH

antidiuretic hormone; atypical ductal hyperplasia

AFP

alpha-fetoprotein

AICA

anterior inferior cerebellar artery

AIDS

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

ALL

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AMA

antimitochondrial antibody

AML

acute myeloblastic leukemia

AML

angiomyolipoma

aML

anterior mitral valve leaflet

ANA

antinuclear antibodies

Angio

angiography

ANT

aorta

anteroposterior

APUD

amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation

APVR

anomalous pulmonary venous return

ARA-C

arabinoside C

ARDS

acute respiratory distress syndrome

aortic stenosis

ASA

acetylsalicylic acid

ASD

atrial septal defect

ASH

asymmetric septal hypertrophy

aTL

anterior tricuspid valve leaflet

ATN

acute tubular necrosis

ATP

adenosine triphosphate

arteriovenous;

atrioventricular

AVF

arteriovenous fistula

AVM

arteriovenous malformation

AVN

avascular necrosis

AVNA

atrioventricular node artery

barium

BCDDP

breast cancer detection demonstration project

BCG

bacille Calmette-Gu rin

barium enema

BIDA

butyl iminodiacetic acid

BIH

benign intracranial hypertension

BKG

background

BOOP

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia

blood pressure

BPD

biparietal diameter

BPH

benign prostatic hyperplasia

bpm

beats per minute

BPP

biophysical profile

BSA

body surface area

biopsy

calcium

CAD

coronary artery disease

CADASIL

cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy

CAM

cystic adenomatoid malformation

CBD

common bile duct

craniocaudad

CCA

common carotid artery

CCAM

congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation

CCK

cholecystokinin

CDC

Center for Disease Control

CECT

contrast-enhanced computed tomography

CEMR

contrast-enhanced MR

CFI

color flow imaging

cGy

centigray = rad

CHD

common hepatic duct;

congenital heart defect

CHF

congestive heart failure

CLL

chronic lymphatic leukemia

CMC

carpometacarpal

CML

chronic myelogenous leukemia

CMV

cytomegalovirus

CNS

central nervous system

carbon monoxide

CoA

coarctation of aorta

COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CPA

cerebellopontine angle

CPAP

continuous positive airway pressure

CPPD

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate

CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CRF

chronic renal failure

CRT

cathode ray tube

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid

CST

contraction stress test

C/T

cardiothoracic ratio

computed tomography

CVA

cerebrovascular accident

CWP

coal worker's pneumoconiosis

complication

CXR

chest x-ray

DCBE

double-contrast barium enema

DCIS

ductal carcinoma in situ

DDx

differential diagnosis

DES

diethylstilbestrol

DIC

disseminated intravascular coagulation

DIDA

diethyl iminodiacetic acid

DIL

drug-induced lupus erythematosus

DIP

desquamative interstitial pneumonia

DIP

distal interphalangeal

DISH

diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

DISIDA

diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid

DIT

diiodotyrosine

DMSA

dimercaptosuccinic acid

DTPA

diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

diagnosis

EAC

external auditory canal

ECA

external carotid artery

ECD

endocardial cushion defect

ECF

extracellular fluid

ECG

electrocardiogram

ECHO

echocardiogram

end-diastole

EDV

end-diastolic volume

EEG

electroencephalogram

ejection fraction

EFW

estimated fetal weight

eosinophilic granuloma

exempli gratia

EHDP

ethylene hydroxydiphosphonate

ERC

endoscopic retrograde cholangiography

ERCP

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

end-systole

esp.

especially

ESR

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

ESV

end-systolic volume

female

FDA

Federal Drug Administration

FDG

fluorodeoxyglucose

FEV

forced expiratory volume

FIGO

F d ration Internationale de Gyn cologie et d'Obst trique

FISP

fast imaging with steady-state precession

FLAIR

fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence

FLASH

fast low-angle shot

false negative

FNH

follicular nodular hyperplasia

false positive

FRC

functional residual capacity

fractional shortening

FSH

follicle stimulating hormone

FUO

fever of unknown origin

FWHM

full-width at half-maximum

gestational age

gallbladder

GBM

glioblastoma multiforme

GBS

group B streptococcus

GCT

giant cell tumor;

granulosa cell tumor

gadolinium

gastroesophageal

GER

gastroesophageal reflux

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

GFR

glomerular filtration rate

gastrointestinal

GIST

gastrointestinal stromal tumor

GMRH

germinal matrix related hemorrhage

glomerulonephritis

GNRH

gonadotropin releasing hormone

GRE

gradient refocused echo

genitourinary

hemoglobin

head circumference

hCG

human chorionic gonadotropin

Hct

hematocrit

Hodgkin disease

HIAA

hydroxyindole acetic acid

HIDA

hepatic 2,6-dimethyl iminodiacetic acid

HIP

health insurance plan

Histo

histology

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus

Hodgkin lymphoma

HOCM

hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy;

high-osmolarity contrast media

HPF

high power field (4003 magnification)

HPT

hyperparathyroidism

HRCT

high-resolution CT

HRT

hormone replacement therapy

HSA

human serum albumin

HSE

herpes simplex encephalitis

HSG

hysterosalpingography

HSV

herpes simplex virus

HTLV

human T-cell lymphotropic virus

Hounsfield unit

HWP

hepatic wedge pressure

history

IAC

internal auditory canal

ICA

internal carotid artery

IDA

iminodiacetic acid

IDDM

insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

IDM

infant of diabetic mother

IDP

iminodiphosphonate

id est

IHSS

idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis

intramuscular

IMA

inferior mesenteric artery

indium

IPF

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

IPH

idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

inversion recovery

IRP

international reference preparation

ileosacral;

international standard

IUD

intrauterine device

IUGR

intrauterine growth retardation

intravenous

IVC

inferior vena cava

IVDA

intravenous drug abuse

IVH

intraventricular hemorrhage

IVP

intravenous pyelogram

IVS

intraventricular septum

IVU

intravenous urogram

JAA

juxtaposition of atrial appendages

KCC

Kulchitzky cell carcinoma

KUB

kidney + ureter + bladder on one film

left

L-DOPA

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-levo- alanin

left atrium

LAD

left anterior descending

LAO

left anterior oblique

LAT

lateral

LATS

long-acting thyroid stimulating

LAV

lymphadenopathy-associated virus

LCA

left coronary artery

LCH

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

LCIS

lobular carcinoma in situ

LCx

left circumflex coronary artery

LDH

lactate dehydrogenase

lupus erythematosus

LES

lower esophageal sphincter

LGA

large for gestational age

luteinizing hormone

LIP

lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis

lower lobes

LLL

left lower lobe

LLQ

left lower quadrant

Lnn

lymph nodes

LOCM

low-osmolarity contrast media

LPA

left pulmonary artery

LPO

left posterior oblique

LSD

lysergic acid diethylamide

LUL

left upper lobe

LUQ

left upper quadrant

left ventricle

LVET

left ventricular ejection time

LVFT₂

left ventricular slow filling time

LVOT

left ventricular outflow tract

LVFT₁

left ventricular fast filling time

male

menstrual age

MAA

macroaggregated albumin

MAG

mercaptoacetyltriglycine

MAI

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

MCA

middle cerebral artery

MCDK

multicystic dysplastic kidney

MCK

multicystic kidney

MCP

metacarpophalangeal

MDP

methylene diphosphonate

MEA

multiple endocrine adenomas

MEN

multiple endocrine neoplasms

MFH

malignant fibrous histiocytoma

MIBG

metaiodobenzylguanidine

MID

multi-infarct dementia

MIT

monoiodotyrosine

middle lobe

MLCN

multilocular cystic nephroma

MLO

mediolateral oblique

MMAA

mini-microaggregated albumin colloid

MMFR

maximal midexpiratory flow rate

MoM

multiple of mean

MPS

mucopolysaccharidosis

magnetic resonance

MRCP

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

MS-AFP

maternal serum -fetoprotein

MTP

metatarsophalangeal

MUGA

multiple gated acquisition

mitral valve

Myelo

myelography

N.B.

nota bene

NBS

National Bureau of Standards

NEC

necrotizing enterocolitis

NECT

nonenhanced computed tomography

neurofibromatosis

NHL

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

NIDDM

non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

NPH

normal pressure hydrocephalus

NPH

nucleus pulposus herniation

npl

neoplasm

NPO

nulla per os

NSAID

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

NST

nonstress test

NTD

neural tube defect

NUC

nuclear medicine

OB-US

obstetrical ultrasound

OCG

oral cholecystogram

OCVM

occult vascular malformation

OHP

orthogonal-hole test pattern

OHSS

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

OIH

orthoiodohippurate

phosphorus

posteroanterior;

pulmonary artery

PAC

premature atrial contraction

PAH

para-aminohippurate;

precapillary pulmonary arterial hypertension

PAP

primary atypical pneumonia

PAP

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

PAPVR

partial anomalous pulmonary venous return

PAS

periodic acid Schiff

Path

pathology

PAVM

pulmonary arteriovenous malformation

PBF

pulmonary blood flow

PCA

posterior cerebral artery

PCAVC

persistent complete atrioventricular canal

PCKD

polycystic kidney disease

PCom

posterior communicating artery

PCP

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

PCWP

pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

posterior descending artery

PDA

patent ductus arteriosus

pulmonary embolism

PEEP

positive end expiratory pressure

PEP

preejection period

PET

positron emission tomography

pHPT

primary hyperparathyroidism

PICA

posterior inferior cerebellar artery

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease

PIE

pulmonary infiltrate with eosinophilia;

pulmonary interstitial emphysema

PIOPED

prospective investigation of pulmonary embolus detection

PIP

proximal interphalangeal

PIPIDA

paraisopropyl iminodiacetic acid

PLES

parallel-line equal spacing

photomultiplier

PMF

progressive massive fibrosis

PML

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

pML

posterior mitral valve leaflet

PMN

polymorphonuclear

PMT

photomultiplier tube

PNET

primitive neuroectodermal tumor

per oral

POST

posterior

PPD

purified protein derivative

PPG

photoplethysmography

PPLO

pleuropneumonia-like organism

ppm

posterior papillary muscle

PPV

positive-pressure ventilation

pulmonary stenosis

PSS

progressive systemic sclerosis

PTC

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

PTH

parathyroid hormone

pTL

posterior tricuspid valve leaflet

PTU

propylthiouracil

PVC

polyvinyl chloride

PVE

periventricular echogenicity

PVH

pulmonary venous hypertension

PVL

periventricular leukomalacia

PVNS

pigmented villonodular synovitis

PYP

pyrophosphate

PVR

pulse volume recording;

postvoid residual

right

rheumatoid arthritis

right atrium

RAO

right anterior oblique

RBC

red blood cell

RCA

right coronary artery

RCC

renal cell carcinoma

RDS

respiratory distress syndrome

RES

reticuloendothelial system

resistive index

RIND

reversible ischemic neurologic deficit

RISA

radioiodine serum albumin

RLL

right lower lobe

RLQ

right lower quadrant

RML

right middle lobe

ROC

receiver operating characteristic

ROI

region of interest

RPA

right pulmonary artery

RPF

renal plasma flow

RPO

right posterior oblique

RTA

renal tubular acidosis

RUL

right upper lobe

residual volume

right ventricle

RVOT

right ventricular outflow tract

therapy

S/P

status post

SAE

subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy

SAG

sagittal

SAH

subarachnoid hemorrhage

SAM

systolic anterior motion of mitral valve

SANA

sinoatrial node artery

SBE

subacute bacterial endocarditis

SBO

salpingo-oophorectomy

SCBE

single-contrast barium enema

standard deviation

spin echo

SGA

small for gestational age

sHPT

secondary hyperparathyroidism

signal intensity

SIJ

sacroiliac joint

SFA

superficial femoral artery

SLE

systemic lupus erythematosus

SMA

superior mesenteric artery

SMV

superior mesenteric vein

stannum

SNAT

suspected nonaccidental trauma

SNHL

sensorineural hearing loss

SOB

small bowel obstruction

SONK

spontaneous osteonecrosis of knee

S/P

status post

SPECT

single photon emission

subcutaneous

STIR

short tau inversion recovery

stroke volume

SVC

superior vena cava

T1WI

T1-weighted image

T2WI

T2-weighted image

TAH

total abdominal hysterectomy

TAPVR

total anomalous pulmonary venous return

tuberculosis

TBG

thyroxin-binding globulin

TBPA

thyroxin-binding prealbumin

TCC

transitional cell carcinoma

TDLU

terminal ductal lobular unit

tracheoesophageal fistula

TGA

transposition of great arteries

tHPT

tertiary hyperparathyroidism

TIA

transitory ischemic attack

TLC

total lung capacity

true negative

TOA

tubo-ovarian abscess

TOF

tetralogy of Fallot

TORCH

toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus

true positive

repetition time

TRH

thyrotropin-releasing hormone

TRV

transverse

TSH

thyroid-stimulating hormone

TURP

transurethral resection of prostate

tidal volume

UGI

upper gastrointestinal series

UIP

usual interstitial pneumonia

upper lobe

UPJ

ureteropelvic junction

ultrasound

USP XX

United States Pharmacopoeia, 20th edition

UTI

urinary tract infection

UVJ

ureterovesical junction

vital capacity

VIP

vasoactive intestinal peptides

VMA

vanillylmandelic acid

V/Q

ventilation perfusion

interventricular septum

VSD

ventricular septal defect

WBC

white blood cells

WDHA

watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria

WDHH

watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, hypochlorhydria

XGP

xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis