DACs (Digital-to-Analog Converters), 478, 479, 838
Data
back ups, 151–152
comparing data in files, 313–314
COMP command to compare, 313–314
compression and backup programs, 151–152
lost data, 294–295
retrieving lost data, 9, 146, 152, 324
System State data, 282–283
transfer speeds, 241–242, 299
See also Storage devices
Data Link layer, OSI reference model, 584–585
Data recovery
Ontrack Data Recovery Services, 9, 146, 152
RECOVER command, 324
tools for, 9, 150, 152
Data transfer cables, 8
Database Server, 587
DB-9 connectors, 553–554
DB-15 connectors, 555–556
DB-25 connectors, 396, 398, 550, 552–554
DC power output connectors, 101–102
DCC (Direct Cable Connection), 786–787
DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SRAM), 444
Dead computer, troubleshooting, 285
DEBUG.EXE, 635
Default gateway, 591
DEFRAG command, 634
Defragmentation, 56, 527, 634
Degaussing, 491
DEL (DELETE) command, 86, 316–317, 334, 630
DELTREE command, 630
Desks, 303–304
DETCRASH.TXT (Win9x), 651
DETLOG.TXT (Win9x), 651
Device drivers
accessing information about installed drivers, 340
chipset manufacturers as source for, 38–39
in config.sys, 54
described, 30–31
disabling, 336
downloads of, 37–38
enabling, 337–338
installing and reinstalling, 31–32
obtaining, 37–38
for optical drives, 166–167
printer drivers, 30–31, 33, 268
reinstalling via Device Manager, tutorial, 34–35
rolling back drivers, 36–37
troubleshooting and, 266
updates for, 57–58
video driver upgrades, 180
Windows and compatibility of, 35–36
Device Manager
accessing, tutorial, 34
conflict resolution, 43–47, 466
drivers, reinstalling, tutorial, 34–35
Input/Output Address (I/O Address), 42
IRQL (Interrupt Request Line) in, 40–42
IRQs, 40–47, 466
modem troubleshooting and, 191
optical drives and, 169–170
resources in, 40–47
status information, 40
Windows 2000, 726
Windows 9x, 658–660
Windows ME, 763
Windows XP, 806
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 738, 838
Diagnostic Startup, Windows XP, 811
Diagnostics utility, Windows NT, 703
Dialing Rules, 226–227, 229–232
Dial-up network
Windows 9x, 671
Windows ME, 775–776
Windows NT, 696–697
Digital cameras, 480, 510
DIMMs (Dual Inline Memory Modules)
described, 447, 448, 839
installing, 120–121, 450
sockets, 396, 398
on motherboard, 68–69, 116–117
DIN keyboard connectors, 94, 396, 398, 399, 471, 554–555
DIP switch settings, motherboard, 79, 80, 88, 396, 399, 442
DIR command, 317–318, 335, 630
Direct current (DC), 400
Directories. See Folders
DISABLE command, 336
Disabled users, Accessibility Options and, 19
Disk Administrator, Windows NT, 700
Disk Cleanup applet, 55–56
Disk Defragmenter applet, 56
Disk drives. See Drives
Disk Management, 20, 138, 150
Diskeeper, 56
Diskette drives. See Disks; Floppy disk drives
DISKPART command, 336–337
Disks
bootable, 23–25, 171, 262–264, 278–279
Disk Cleanup, Windows 2000, 734
Disk Cleanup, Windows 9x, 664–665
Disk Defragmenter, 527
Disk Management tool, Windows 2000, 730–731
DISKCOPY command, 630
Emergency Repair Disks (ERDs), 278–279
mirroring and RAID, 539
quotas, Windows 2000, 731
Windows 9X startup disks, making, 160
See also Drives
Display adapters, 6, 493, 500–501
Display Properties
described, 497, 499
Windows 9x, 661–663
Windows ME, 760–761
Displays. See Monitors
DMA (Direct Memory Address)
channels, 467–468
controllers, 423, 424, 529
defined, 839
DNS (Domain Name System), 591, 596, 738, 839
Docking stations
docked/undocked hardware profile, 735–736
for laptops, 482
DocMemory, 125
Documentation, repair, 11
Domain, 668, 681
Dongles, 223–224, 839
DOS
AUTOEXEC.BAT, 454, 620, 621, 623–625
boot disks, 262–264
CD-ROMs and DOS support, 171
command interpreter, 619
command prompt, 58–61, 632–635
commands and switches, 60–61, 629–630
CONFIG.SYS, 454, 620, 621–623
defined, 839
file name structure, 625–628
hard drive control and DOS commands, 136–138
introduction, 619
IO.SYS, 620
memory management utilities, 635–638
MSDOS.SYS, 620, 621
SYS command, 327
system and configuration files, 620–625
using, in Windows ME, 760
Dot matrix printers, 503–504, 511
Dot pitch, 491–492
Downloads
of device drivers, 37–38
e-mail attachments that won’t download, 246
rejected downloads, 239
Dpi (dots per inch), 478, 839
Dr. Watson, 657, 764
DRAM (Dynamic RAM), 16, 440, 441–443, 446, 839
DrDflash, 84
Drive overlay software, 149
Driver Signing
Windows 2000, 726
Windows XP, 806
Drivers. See Device drivers
Drives
disk drives, 5, 20
CD drives, 5, 161
DVD drives, 5, 162, 163
FireWire (IEEE 1394), 153–154
floppy disk drives, 5, 155–160, 296
hot-swappable drives, 133, 153, 154
installation software, 7
lettering system for, 135
mapping, 698–699
microdrives, 154
My Computer, 137–138
network drives, 135
S.M.A.R.T. drives, 17, 146, 148
SATA drives, 132–133
SCSI drives and ports, 94
testers for drives, 148
USB drives and ports, 93, 94, 153–154
Zip drives, 160
See also Disks
Dry chemical (ABC and BC) fire extinguishers, 404
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), 194, 600–601, 604, 840
Dual Address Cycles (DAC), 410
Dual boot systems
Windows 2000, 724–725
Windows ME, 757–759
Windows NT, 684
Windows XP, 803
Dual homer hosts, 603
Dual inline memory modules (DIMMs). See DIMMs
Dualview (XP), 175
Dust, cleaning tools and vacuums for, 8
DVD drives, 5, 162–163
DVDs (Digital Versatile Disks), 8, 540–541, 840
DVI ports, 93, 94
DVI video, 179
DVO connector, 70
DXDIAG command, 761–762
Dye sublimation printers, 510
Dynamic disks, 135