File systems supported by Windows XP are FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS. The most universally supported file system is FAT16. For dual-boot computers, both operating systems must support the file system to share the partition. When installing a computer to dual-boot between two operating systems, you should install the older OS before installing Windows XP. A copied file always inherits its new parent folder's compression state. A file that is moved within the same NTFS volume retains its original compression state. A file that is moved from one NTFS volume to a different NTFS volume inherits its new parent folder's compression state. Moving or copying compressed files from NTFS to FAT16 or FAT32 volumes loses compression. NTFS is required for compression or encryption or individually applied permissions. The command to convert a FAT partition to NTFS is convert c: /fs:ntfs, where c: is the drive letter for the disk partition that you are converting. You cannot convert an NTFS volume back to FAT. Advanced attributes of a file or folder on an NTFS partition enable you to either compress or encryptthese two attributes are mutually exclusive. Table 4 lists the NTFS permissions that can be applied to folders and/or files. NTFS permissions enable an administrator to grant or deny folder and file access to users and groups.
Table 4. NTFS Permissions Are Applicable to Files and FoldersNTFS Permission | File or Folder Permission? | Result When Granted |
|---|
Full Control | Both | Grants full access to a file or to a folder's contentsread, write, modify, change permissions, take ownership, and delete. | Modify | Both | Grants read, write, modify, and delete rights, as well as the right to read permissions of a file or folder. | Read & Execute | Both | Grants the right to execute or open a file and to read it, as well as the right to read its attributes and permissions. For a folder, this right applies to all the files within the folder. | List Folder Contents | Folder | Grants the right to open a folder, read its attributes and permissions, and to list the files and subfolders within it. Does not allow the user to execute any files within the folder. | Read | Both | Grants the right to list a file or folder, and read its attributes and permissions. Does not allow the user to execute a file or any files within a folder. | Write | Both | Grants the right to save changes to a file, to create new files, and to change attributes of a file. |
Permissions applied to folders are inherited by subfolders unless you select the This Folder Only option when applying the permissions. A user's actual permissions are the resulting collective allowed rights that have flowed down from upper-level folders plus explicitly assigned permissions at that level as long as there are no denied rights. Denied rights override allowed rights. Conflicting permissions for users who are members of multiple groups is a common problem to encounter on the exam. Not only should you be aware that Deny permissions always override Allow permissions, but explicit permissions always override inherited permissions. Moving and copying files and folders on NTFS volumes can affect permissions, as described in Table 5.
Table 5. Moving and Copying Files on NTFS Volumes May Change PermissionsOperation | Resulting Permissions |
|---|
Move a file or folder to another location on the same NTFS volume. | The file or folder retains its original permissions. | Move a file or folder to a different NTFS volume. | The file or folder inherits new permissions from the new parent folder. | Copy a file or folder to another location on the same NTFS volume. | The file or folder inherits new permissions from the new parent folder. | Copy a file or folder to a different NTFS volume. | The file or folder inherits new permissions from the new parent folder. |
Be on the lookout for questions that say that a user can access a file locally, but not across the network. These are indicative of NTFS and share permission conflicts. You can use the command net share to create or delete a shared folder. To create a new shared folder, type net share MYSHARE=c:\mydata. There are three possible share permissions to grant or deny: Full Control, Change, and Read. You can hide shares by adding a $ symbol at the end of the name. All administrative shares are hidden. These are C$, ADMIN$, IPC$, PRINT$, and FAX$. The Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) protocol acts as a redirector to enable users to read and save documents via the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) when you share web folders.
|
