Index_R

R

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), 391

RC5, 445

RDBMS (Relational Database Management Systems). See also applications; objects

connection, numbers system, 772–773

database characteristics, desirable, 4–5

error messages, 187

examples, 8–11

flat file databases and, 11–12

foreign key, 18

hardware needs, 18

hierarchical databases and, 12–14

implementations, 7–8

network databases and, 14–15

object database and object-relational database models, 19

other than "big three", 767–770

primary key, 17

relationships, 16–17

tables, 15–16

records

adding to table, 541

affected by last SELECT statement, MS SQL Server 2000, 482

all possible pairs, joining, 289–290, 783–784

calculating set of values (COUNT), 340–342

defined, 15, 79

deleting, 97, 199, 201–202, 204–205

different table, defining

collections, 68

DB2 UDB 8.1, 72

table constraints, 89–90

horizontal restriction, 436–437

index-organized tables, 99

individual, working with cursors

current row, retrieving (FETCH), 501–502

deallocating memory, releasing locks, and making result set undefined (CLOSE), 502

described, 500

dynamic, 550

examples, 502–505

functions, listed, 720

multirow query results, storing with, 536–537

query, executing and identifying result set (OPEN), 501

SELECT statement, associating (DECLARE), 500–501

stored procedures, MS SQL Server 2000, 475

inserting, 189, 202–204

integrity, ensuring, 439

limits, 16

matching values (EXISTS), 376–377

order populated, 178

pointers

clustered, 13

DDL statements, 729

described, 106–109

information, listing, 466–467

join tables, 305

listing, 461

maximum name length restrictions, 8

partitioning, Oracle 9i, 188

tables, storing unique addresses (UROWID), 73

tablespaces, specifying, 98

privileges, describing, 458

restricting number based on search criteria, 387–389

returning, stored procedures, MS SQL Server 2000, 478

session, listing affected, MS SQL Server 2000, 215

unique addresses, storing (ROWID), 73

recursion, 30

RedBase Pure Java RDBMS, 769

Redundant Array of Independent Disks. See RAID

reference type

collections, 68

DB2 UDB 8.1, 72

table constraints, 89–90

referential integrity, 439

refreshing

on demand, 139

periodically without user interaction, 139–140

Relational Database Management Systems. See RDBMS

Relational OLAP. See ROLAP

releasing locks (CLOSE), 502

remote database objects

linking

accessible, listing, 461

creating, 140–141

synonyms, 124

removing

alias, 164–165

blank spaces from strings (TRIM, LTRIM, and RTRIM), 327–328

columns with tables, 149

objects, database cross-reference, 171–172

rows

all (TRUNCATE), 204–205

selected, 541

schema, 165

sequences, 169

stored procedures, 515

synonym, Oracle 9i, 164

tables (DROP TABLE), 145

tablespaces, 166, 167

triggers, 525

user-defined functions, 520

views, 163–164

removing data (DELETE)

described, 33, 34–35

DML (Data Manipulation Language)

described, 199

integrity constraints, 200–201

MS SQL Server 2000, 202

Oracle 9i, 202

WHERE clause subqueries, 201–202

updating tables, 193

views, restricting, 438

repeated execution, 499

replacing characters within string (TRANSLATE), 326–327

replacing expressions (REPLACE), string functions, 325

replication

characters in string functions (REPLICATE and REPEAT), 325–326

setting up, MS SQL Server 2000, 476

resellers, 287–289

resources, allocating and de-allocating, 558–559

restraints

columns

described, 85–86, 186

dropping, 149, 155, 201

updating, 194

data entry, 199

deferring, 93–94

domain, 457

information, viewing

DB2 UDB 8.1, 466

MS SQL Server 2000, 471

listing, 460

mode, setting, 208

name, maximum length, 8

relational database design, 635–636

security, 438–439

tables

CHECK, 88

copy, creating new table as, 101–104

creating, 149–150, 152–153

deferring, 93–97

describing, 457

disabling and enabling, 150–151

example, 88–89

FOREIGN KEY, 88, 89–90

identity clause, 100–101

INITIALLY DEFERRED, 97

modifying, 148, 149

ON COMMIT clause, 97

physical properties, 97–100

PRIMARY KEY, 88

REFERENCES, 89–90removing, 150, 153, 156, 157

restrictions, 89–93

summary tables, 105

temporary, 97

UNIQUE, 88

viewing, 456

without, finding, 474–475

restrictions, table constraints, 89–93

result set

making undefined (CLOSE), cursors, programming, 502

multiple queries, combining

EXCEPT (MINUS), 275–278

INTERSECT, 274–275

UNION, 270–274

summarizing (GROUP BY and HAVING clauses), 263–267

updating columns with, 195

resumes, storing. See CLOB

retrieval, data

current or previous sequence value, 137–138

hierarchical databases, 13

manipulating data while, 35–36

SELECT INTO statement, 535–536

transforming during, 37

retrieval, data (SELECT statement)

BETWEEN operator, 256

copying portions of tables, 102

cursor name, associating (DECLARE), 500–501

FROM clause

aliases, 251–252

subqueries, 253

tables and views, 251

literals, functions, and calculated columns, 245–249

membership test, setting (IN operator), 256–258

multicolumn

all columns plus an extra, 242–243

all columns, selecting, 242

distinct values, 243–245

several columns, selecting, 241–242

nulls, testing (IS NULL operator), 258–259

privilege, assigning, 38

query output, sorting (ORDER BY clause), 267–270

single column, 240–241

single table, 239–240

subqueries

FROM clause, 253

generating values dynamically, 376

horizontal limits, setting (WHERE clause), 259–263

rows, deleting, 201–202

SELECT statement, 249–250

values, inserting, 178

with views, 121

views, creating, 118

WHERE clause, unknown, 377–381

revoking privileges

described, 38, 421–422

object level

DB2 UDB 8.1, 425–426

MS SQL Server 2000, 426–427

Oracle 9i, 424–425

system level

DB2 UDB 8.1, 421–422

MS SQL Server 2000, 423–424

Oracle 9i, 422–423

right outer join

DB2 UDB 8.1, 300

MS SQL Server 2000, 300–301

old syntax, 300

Oracle 9i, 300

SQL99, 299

ROLAP (Relational OLAP), 598

role

DB2 UDB 8.1, 430–431

DENY statement, 429

described, 420–421, 427

fixed database, 433, 434

MS SQL Server 2000, 429, 431–435

Oracle 9i, 427–430

ROLLBACK

rows, deleting, 205

transactions, 221–222

root, Oracle 9i, 649–650, 654–655

rounding

errors, 56, 57

functions, 311

to specific precision, 312

row query results, multiple, storing with cursors, 536–537

ROWID, SQL data types, 73

rows

adding to table, 541

affected by last SELECT statement, MS SQL Server 2000, 482

all possible pairs, joining

inner joins, 289–290

old syntax, 290

set theory operations, 783–784

SQL99, 289–290

defined, 15, 79

deleting

all (TRUNCATE), 204–205

based on data from other tables, 201–202

deferred (ON COMMIT clause), 97

one at a time, 199

horizontal restriction, 436–437

index-organized tables, 99

inserting

multiple, DB2 UDB 8.1, 189

and updating (MERGE), Oracle 9i, 202–204

integrity, ensuring, 439

limits, 16

matching values (EXISTS), 376–377

order populated, 178

privileges, describing, 458

restricting number based on search criteria, 387–389

returning, stored procedures, MS SQL Server 2000, 478

session, listing affected, MS SQL Server 2000, 215

unique addresses, storing (ROWID), 73

rowset functions, MS SQL Server 2000, 726

rules. See also constraints

business

archiving complex, 185

minimum and maximum order amount, discounts, 284–286

security through stored procedures, 440

table structure, changing, 145

values, changing, 285

information, viewing, 471

Russian, 47




SQL Bible
Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Bible
ISBN: 0470257040
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2005
Pages: 208

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