Index_L

L

language

session, setting default, 214

supported, describing, 457

languages, programming

COBOL, 14

embedded SQL

data retrieval and SELECT INTO statement, 535–536

database connection, 533–535

described, 39

dynamic SQL versus, 554

errors, handling, 537–540

future of, 553–554

host variables, 530–533

multirow query results, storing with cursors, 536–537

program flow, sample, 541–542

standards, 529

OCI interface, 574

SQL, 30

large objects. See LOBs

LEAP RDBMS v1.2.6, 768

left outer join

columns containing NULL values, 296–299

DB2 UDB 8.1, 298

MS SQL Server 2000, 299

old syntax, 298–299

Oracle 9i, 298

SQL99, 296–298

length

character strings, 44–45

column name, maximum, 8

expressions, 308

number of characters, 322–323

rounding number to specific, 312

less than operator (<), 386

less than or equal to operator (<=), 386, 388

library cache deadlocks, 233

LIKE logical operator, 377–381

links

accessible, listing, 461

creating, 140–141

Linter RDBMS SQL/RelX Enterprise, 768

Linux

ACME sample database, 690–691

Oracle 9i, 653–658

lists

column

table constraints, 88–97

with corresponding values, 182–183

displaying combined, 120–121

literals

approximate numbers, 59

dates and times, 64–68, 334

defined, 51

exact numbers, 57

functions and calculated columns, SELECT statement, 245–249

user-defined functions, 519–520

LOBs (large objects)

described, 53

tablespaces, specifying, 98

LOCAL temporary tables

creating, 84

defined, 82

locks

deadlocks, 233–234

described, 228–229

modes, 229–233

releasing (CLOSE), 502

log shipping, 475

logical database object holder. See also system catalog

creating

DB2 UDB 8.1, 128

Oracle 9i, 126–128

SQL99, 126, 129

DDL statements, 729–730

described, 125–126

information, listing, DB2 UDB 8.1, 467

objects

altering and destroying, 165

creating, 125–129

setting, 208

SQL statements, validating, 528

views, binding, 118

logical operators

ALL, 373

AND, 381

ANY | SOME, 373

BETWEEN <expression> and <expression>, 373–375

EXISTS, 376–377

IN, 375–376

LIKE, 377–381

listed, 372

NOT, 381–382

OR, 382, 775–776

login to logoff, actions during. See sessions

loops, 499

lowercase or uppercase, converting string expressions to (LOWER and UPPER), 309, 323–324