L

LAN Information Server service, 24

latency, NFS, 293

launching Heartbeat, 140

backup primary servers, 142–143

log files for, 143–144

on primary servers, 140–142

LBLC (locality-based least-connection) scheduling method, 206–207

LBLCR (locality-based least-connection with replication) scheduling method, 207

LC (least-connection) scheduling method, 204

lcd command, 370–371

LDAP systems, 342–343

ldapsearch command, 344

ldd command, 390

ldirectord program

cluster node monitoring by, 258–261

configuration file for, 267–272

in Heartbeat configuration, 274–275

installing, 266–267

Perl modules for, 263–266

starting and testing, 273–274

least-connection (LC) scheduling method, 204

least-loaded cluster nodes, 338

legacy account administration methods, 342–343

legacy applications, converting, 192

/lib/modules file, 57, 59, 61, 64

libraries, shared, 390–391

license manager failover, 162

licenses, floating, 246–247

LIDS (Linux Intrusion Detection System), 77, 257, 355

LILO bootloader, 62–64

lilo.conf file, 62

links

library, 388

symbolic

chkconfig for, 18–20

ntsysv for, 20–21

for source code, 56

Linux Intrusion Detection System (LIDS), 77, 257, 355

Linux Standard Base (LSB) Specification, 128–129

Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP), 362–363

Linux Utility for cluster Installation (LUI) project, 108

Linux Virtual Server. See LVS (Linux Virtual Server)

Linux Virtual Server Direct Routing clusters. See LVS-DR (Linux Virtual Server Direct

Routing) clusters

Linux Virtual Server Network Address Translation clusters. See LVS-NAT (Linux Virtual Server Network Address Translation) clusters

linuxconf command, 379–384

lisa script, 24

Listen entry, 399–400

little-endian byte ordering, 192

lmgrd daemon, 162

load averages, 334–335

load balancer, 4, 239

Director connection tracking table for, 242–243

LVS for

with Netfilter, 239–241

with persistence, 247–253

without persistence, 246–247

return packets and Netfilter hooks for, 244–246

timeout values for, 243–244

load sharing in Heartbeat, 154–157

local.cfg file, 104–105

LOCAL_IN hook, 240–241, 251

local passwords in authentication, 343–345

locality-based least-connection (LBLC) scheduling method, 206–207

locality-based least-connection with replication (LBLCR) scheduling method, 207

LocalNode configuration, 227–229

locate command, 391

lock arbitration, 5, 280–281

kernel, 281–283

NLM for, 284–285

potential methods, 395–396

lock arbitrators, 280–283

lock files, 281

lockd daemon, 281, 283–284

lockdemo command, 287

lockf method, 281, 285

locks

finding, 286–288

managing, 291

NLM for, 283–285

performance issues in, 288–290

log files

in Heartbeat, 141

informational messages in, 161

on primary servers, 143–144

for Mon package, 309

logfile command, 141

logfile entry, 269

logger command, 137

loopback devices, 233–235

loopback interface, hiding, 261–263

lpc command, 350–351

lpd script, 25, 108

LPRng package

child processes in, 284

for fault-tolerant print spoolers, 346–348

installing, 347–348

ls command, 59, 371

LSB (Linux Standard Base) Specification, 128–129

lsmod command

for loaded modules, 59

for NICs, 380

for watchdog, 177, 179

lsof command, 287

lspci command, 19

for loaded modules, 59

for NICs, 119, 380–381

LTSP (Linux Terminal Server Project), 362–363

LUI (Linux Utility for cluster Installation) project, 108

Lustre filesystem, 396

LVS (Linux Virtual Server), 193–194

Apache configuration files for. See Apache

IP address name conventions in, 194–196

for load balancer, 239–241

monitoring, 258–261

with persistence, 247–253

without persistence, 246–247

redundant Directors, 255–256

scheduling methods in

dynamic, 203–207

fixed, 202–203

types of, 196–202

LVS-DR (Linux Virtual Server Direct Routing) clusters, 198, 231–232

ARP broadcasts for, 236–238

building, 188

client computer access to services, 232–236

high-availability, 257–258

properties of, 199–200

LVS-NAT (Linux Virtual Server Network Address Translation) clusters, 196–198, 209

building, 187, 216

Apache configuration and starting for, 218–219

default routes for, 219–220

LVS configuration for, 221–224

LVS installation for, 220

operating system installation for, 217

testing configuration for, 224–227

client computer access to resources, 209–216

LocalNode configuration for, 227–229

virtual IP addresses for, 214–216

LVS-TUN (IP tunneling), 200–202

Lynx program

for downloading software, 371–372

for web pages, 228