failover
in campus networks, 9
in Fast EtherChannel links, 180
in GLBP, 383-384
failure domains, 486
fallback mechanism, 486
fast aging time, 261
fast convergence, 28
Fast EtherChannel, 180
configuration of, 181-186
defined, 486
guidelines for, 180-181
Fast-Leave processing, 331
Fast Serial Interface Processor (FSIP), 488
fast switching
in CEF, 266-267, 267
defined, 487
FastEthernet, 49
at all layers, 49
auto-negotiation in, 51-52
defined, 486
distance in, 52
full-duplex Ethernet with, 51
IEEE specifications for, 50
MII for, 50
FastEthernet Interface Processor (FEIP), 487
FCS (frame check sequence) field
in auto-negotiation, 51
in IDL, 101
FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)
defined, 487
for VLANs, 101
in VTP advertisements, 111
FDM (Frequency-Division Multiplexing), 487
FECN (Forward Explicit Congestion Notification), 487
FEIP (FastEthernet Interface Processor), 487
FIFO (first in, first out) queuing
defined, 487
in QoS, 363
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 488
filters and filter tables
in bridges vs. switches, 137
in layer 2 switching, 138-139
in layer 4 switching, 15
firewalls, 487
first in, first out (FIFO) queuing
defined, 487
in QoS, 363
flash memory, 487
flat networks, 88-89, 89, 487
flexibility in VLANs, 90
flooding
defined, 487
in PIM DM, 311, 312
flow control, 487
flow masks, 259
flows in MLS, 243
Forward Explicit Congestion Notification (FECN), 487
forwarding
in CEF, 268-269, 268
in layer 2 switching, 138-139
in spanning tree operation, 145-146, 146
forwarding and filtering decisions, 487
FRAD (Frame Relay Access Device), 488
fragmentation, 488
FragmentFree switch type, 149, 488
fragments, 488
frame check sequence (FCS) field
in auto-negotiation, 51
in IDL, 101
Frame Relay Access Device (FRAD), 488
Frame Relay Access Support (FRAS), 488
Frame Relay bridging, 488
Frame Relay protocol, 488
Frame Relay switching, 488
frames
defined, 488
filtering, 137
modifying, 249, 251
tagging, 88, 100-101, 488
framing, 488
FRAS (Frame Relay Access Support), 488
frequency, 488
Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM), 487
FSIP (Fast Serial Interface Processor), 488
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 488
full-duplex
defined, 489
in FastEthernet, 51
full mesh topology, 489
full parameter, 68
fwddelay timer, 177