ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode are all international standards. You can find out more about the EBCDIC character set families on IBM's website (http://www.ibm.com). ASCII and Unicode are both ISO standards, and ISO provides reports for both character sets. Generally, those reports cost money, but you can also find out lots of information about the ASCII and Unicode character sets by searching for them by name on the Internet. You can also read about UNICODE at http://www.unicode.org.
Those who are interested in more information about character, string, and character set functions should consider reading references on the following languages:
The Awk programming language
The Perl programming language
The SNOBOL4 programming language
The Icon programming language
The SETL programming language
The High Level Assembly (HLA) language
In particular, the HLA programming language provides a wide set of character, string, character set, and pattern matching functions. Check out the HLA Standard Library Reference Manual, usually found at http://webster.cs.ucr.edu, for more details.