9-2 AppleTalk Routing | Cisco Field Manual[c] Router Configuration

AppleTalk is a network layer protocol created by Apple Computers that allows Apple computers to communicate with one another across different networks.
AppleTalk uses a network. node addressing scheme to provide addressing to AppleTalk devices.
AppleTalk addressing is dynamic.
There are two types of AppleTalk addresses: Phase I (nonextended) and Phase II (extended).
Phase II addresses provide more addresses per wire by using cable ranges.
AppleTalk uses RTMP (Routing Table Maintenance Protocol) as the routing protocol by default.
RTMP is a distance vector routing protocol.
Cisco routers can be configured to exchange AppleTalk routes using EIGRP.

Configuration

(Required) Enable the AppleTalk process:
```
 (global)  appletalk routing  
```
This command enables the AppleTalk process and the RTMP routing protocol. You must enable AppleTalk routing before you can configure AppleTalk on the interfaces.
(Required) Configure participating interfaces with an AppleTalk cable range:
```
 (interface)  appletalk   cable-range   cable-range [network.node]  
```
This command places a cable range on the interface. The cable range is used in extended AppleTalk networks to provide a range of network numbers for use. The range of numbers provides more addresses on a single segment. Network addresses are acquired dynamically in AppleTalk networks through AARP (AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol).The network. node option allows you to specify the address to be used on this interface. This is useful when you need to know what the router interface will be (such as Frame Relay mapping statements).
(Required) Configure the interfaces in an AppleTalk zone:
```
 (interface)  appletalk zone   zone-name  
```
Each interface must be in at least one AppleTalk zone. Zones are used to display services that are available in the AppleTalk network. The zone-name defines these zones for service listings in the "chooser." Some interfaces might belong to multiple zones. To define additional zones, repeat the command with additional zone names . The first zone entered is called the primary zone. Routers on a given segment must agree on the primary zone that the interface is assigned to.

NOTE

The configuration steps listed here assume a Phase II or extended AppleTalk networks. In order to use Phase I or non-extended addressing in your AppleTalk networks, use the command appletalk address network.node in place of the command listed in Step 2.
(Optional) Allow the router to discover the cable range and zone:
```
 (interface)  appletalk cable-range 0-0  
```
This command enables the dynamic configuration of an AppleTalk interface. This assumes that there is already a router on the segment that the interface attaches to. If so, the cable-range 0-0 command allows the router to discover the cable range and zone names and apply them to the running configuration.
(Optional) Allow the router to discover the cable range and zone:
```
 (interface)  appletalk cable-range   cable-range [network.node]  (interface)  appletalk discovery  
```
Like the command in Step 4, these two commands allow the router to discover the cable range and zone name, assuming that there is another AppleTalk router on the segment. The difference is that you "guess" a cable range with the cable-range command and then enable discovery mode. The router then discovers and applies the appropriate information to the running configuration.
(Optional) Configure the router to use EIGRP as the AppleTalk routing protocol. This assumes that you have completed Steps 1 through 3.
1. (Required) Enable EIGRP as an AppleTalk routing protocol:
```
 (global)  appletalk routing eigrp   router-number  
```
  This allows EIGRP to be used for AppleTalk routing. Each AppleTalk router must be supplied with a unique router number in order to exchange routes.
  
  NOTE
  
  When you enable the EIGRP routing process for AppleTalk, the command appletalk route-redistribution is automatically enabled. This allows for automatic redistribution between RTMP and EIGRP.
2. (Required) Configure the interfaces to use the AppleTalk routing protocol:
```
 (interface)  appletalk   protocol eigrp  
```
  This command allows an AppleTalk interface to send out EIGRP updates for AppleTalk to neighboring EIGRP AppleTalk routers.
3. (Recommended) Disable RTMP on interfaces configured to send out EIGRP updates:
```
 (interface)  no appletalk   protocol rtmp  
```
  This command prevents an interface configured with AppleTalk from sending out RTMP updates. This is recommended when you are using EIGRP as the routing protocol on an interface.
4. (Optional) Disable the split horizon feature for AppleTalk EIGRP routing:
```
 (interface)  no appletalk eigrp-splithorizion  
```
  This command prevents the AppleTalk EIGRP routing protocol from exercising split horizon. This is required when you are using EIGRP on a multipoint NMBA medium such as Frame Relay so that routes learned on the multipoint interface can be sent to other routers out of that interface.
5. (Optional) Specify the hello and hold times for the EIGRP process:
```
 (interface)  appletalk eigrp-timers   hello-interval hold-time  
```
  This command sets the time interval that the router uses to send out hello packets and sets how long the router waits before declaring a neighboring router dead. For AppleTalk EIGRP, the default hello-interval is 60 seconds for NBMA networks T1 or below and 5 seconds for all other networks. The default hold-time is 180 seconds for NBMA networks T1 or below and 15 seconds for all other networks.
6. (Optional) Configure the percentage of bandwidth used by EIGRP for updates:
```
 (interface)  appletalk bandwidth-percent eigrp   router-number percent  
```
  This command specifies how much of the interface bandwidth EIGRP can use, based on the interface bandwidth statement, for routing updates. The default is 50 percent.
(Optional) Configure a static AppleTalk route:
```
 (global)  appletalk static cable-range   cable-range   to   network.node   zone   zone-name  
```
This command provides static routes for a cable range pointing to a next -hop address and zone. Static routes are always preferred over dynamic routes.
(Optional) Configure a floating static AppleTalk route:
```
 (global)  appletalk static cable-range   cable-range   to   network.node   floating zone   zone-name  
```
This command provides a static route for a cable range pointing to a next-hop address and zone. Floating static routes are used only when a dynamic route is unavailable. These routes are useful for dial-on-demand routing.

AppleTalk Example

Figure 9-3 shows a network diagram for this example. The router is configured to run AppleTalk RTMP on E0 and E1, and EIGRP is configured to run on the serial interfaces.

Figure 9-3. Network Diagram for the AppleTalk Example

graphics/09fig03.gif

  appletalk routing eigrp 3   appletalk route-redistribution   interface ethernet 0   appletalk cable-range 100-109   appletalk zone endzone   interface ethernet 1   appletalk cable-range 200-209   appletalk zone workzone   interface serial 0   appletalk cable range 3000-3000   appletalk zone wan   appletalk protocol eigrp   no appletalk protocol rtmp   interface serial 1   appletalk cable range 4000-4000   appletalk zone wan   appletalk protocol eigrp   no appletalk protocol rtmp