The importance of this chapter is based on the fact that in ISDN some technical solutions were implemented during or even before some standards were available. That's why for the troubleshooting engineer the information about standards, switches, settings, and provider-specifics is helpful. At the same time, the detailed description of ISDN architecture, reference points, devices, and interfaces in this chapter provides the necessary minimum to ensure that you are familiar with the technology basics of one of the most complicated technologies in today's market. |