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SAS 9.1 Language Reference Dictionary, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 Authors: SAS Institute Published year: 2004 Pages: 413-415/704 |
Returns a substring that has a length you specify, using blank padding if necessary
Category: Character
SUBPAD ( string , position <, length >)
string
specifies a character string.
position
is a positive integer that specifies the position of the first character in the substring.
length
is a non-negative integer that specifies the length of the substring. If you do not specify length , the SUBPAD function returns the substring that extends from the position that you specify to the end of the string.
If the SUBPAD function returns a value to a variable that has not yet been assigned a length, by default the variable is assigned a length of 200.
If the substring that you specify extends beyond the length of the string, the result is padded with blanks.
The SUBPAD function is similar to the SUBSTR function except for the following differences:
If the value of length in SUBPAD is zero, SUBPAD returns a zero-length string. If the value of length in SUBSTR is zero, SUBSTR
writes a note to the log stating that the third argument is invalid
sets _ERROR_=1
returns the substring that extends from the position that you specified to the end of the string.
If the substring that you specify extends past the end of the string, SUBPAD pads the result with blanks to yield the length that you requested . If the substring that you specify extends past the end of the string, SUBSTR
writes a note to the log stating that the third argument is invalid
sets _ERROR_=1
returns the substring that extends from the position that you specified to the end of the string.
Function:
'SUBSTRN Function' on page 840
Replaces character value contents
Category: Character
SUBSTR ( variable, position <, length >)= characters -to-replace
variable
specifies a character variable.
position
specifies a numeric expression that is the beginning character position.
length
specifies a numeric expression that is the length of the substring that will be replaced .
Restriction: length cannot be larger than the length of the expression that remains in variable after position .
Tip: If you omit length , SAS uses all of the characters on the right side of the assignment statement to replace the values of variable .
characters-to-replace
specifies a character expression that will replace the contents of variable .
Tip: Enclose a literal string of characters in quotation marks.
If you use an undeclared variable, it will be assigned a default length of 8 when the SUBSTR function is compiled.
When you use the SUBSTR function on the left side of an assignment statement, SAS replaces the value of variable with the expression on the right side. SUBSTR replaces length characters starting at the character that you specify in position .
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SAS Statements |
Results |
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a='KIDNAP'; substr(a,1,3)='CAT'; put a; |
CATNAP |
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b=a; substr(b,4)='TY'; put b; |
CATTY |
Function:
'SUBSTR (right of =) Function' on page 838
Extracts a substring from an argument
Category: Character
< variable => SUBSTR ( string, position <, length >)
variable
specifies a valid SAS variable name .
string
specifies any SAS character expression.
position
specifies a numeric expression that is the beginning character position.
length
specifies a numeric expression that is the length of the substring to extract.
Interaction: If length is zero, a negative value, or larger than the length of the expression that remains in string after position , SAS extracts the remainder of the expression. SAS also sets _ERROR_ to 1 and prints a note to the log indicating that the length argument is invalid.
Tip: If you omit length , SAS extracts the remainder of the expression.
If the SUBSTR function returns a value to a variable that has not yet been assigned a length, by default the variable length is determined by the length of the first argument.
The SUBSTR function returns a portion of an expression that you specify in string . The portion begins with the character that you specify by position , and is the number of characters that you specify in length .
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SAS Statements |
Results |
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----+----1----+----2 |
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date='06MAY98'; month=substr(date,3,3); year=substr(date,6,2); put @1 month @5 year; |
MAY 98 |
Functions:
'SUBPAD Function' on page 836
'SUBSTR (left of =) Function' on page 837
'SUBSTRN Function' on page 840
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SAS 9.1 Language Reference Dictionary, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 Authors: SAS Institute Published year: 2004 Pages: 413-415/704 |