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engine
a component of SAS that reads from or writes to a file. Each engine enables SAS to access files that are in a particular format. There are several types of engines.

See also V9 engine.

See also V8 engine.

See also V7 engine.

See also V6 engine.

See also transport engine.

entry type
a characteristic of a SAS catalog entry that identifies the catalog entry's structure and attributes to SAS. When you create an entry, SAS automatically assigns the entry type as part of the name .
external file
a file that is created and maintained by a host operating system or by another vendor's software application. SAS can read data from and route output to external files. External files can contain raw data, SAS programming statements, procedure output, or output that was created by the PUT statement. A SAS data set is not an external file.

See also fileref (file reference).

file corruption
the result of an operation that changes a file's data or the file's header, causing the file's structure or contents to be inaccessible. A common cause of corruption during file transport is that the transport file contains one or more incorrectly placed carriage returns or line feeds to mark the end of record, which makes the entire file unreadable after it is transferred across a network. Communications software can also cause corruption if it changes file attributes such as logical record length, block size , or record format.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

See File Transfer Protocol (FTP).

fileref (file reference)
a name that is temporarily assigned to an external file or to an aggregate storage location such as a directory or folder. The fileref identifies the file or the storage location to SAS.

See also libref (library reference).

foreign file format
a relative term that contrasts the internal data representation of a file with that of an operating environment. If the internal formats are not the same, the file format is considered to be foreign to the operating environment. For example, the format of a file that is created in an OS/390 operating environment is considered to be foreign to Windows operating environments. An operating environment can read a file that has a foreign format, but it cannot write to or update the file. Foreign file formats are also referred to as non-native file formats.

See also native file format.

forward compatibility
the ability of a SAS client that runs a particular version of SAS to read, write, and update a SAS file that was created using a later version of SAS as long as the SAS file does not implement features such as long names that are specific to the later version. The accessing SAS client and the application that run the earlier version of SAS are said to be forward compatible with the SAS file that was created using the later version.

See also backward compatibility.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
a TCP/IP-specific application protocol that is used for transferring files across a network. FTP requires a user to supply a user ID and usually a password in order to access a server.
generation data set
an archived copy of a SAS data set. Multiple copies of a SAS data set can be kept by requesting the generations feature. The multiple copies represent versions of the same data set, which are archived each time the data set is replaced . The copies are referred to as a generation group and are a collection of data sets that have the same root member name but different version numbers . There is a base version, which is the most recent version, plus a set of historical versions.
importing transport files
the process of returning SAS transport files to their original form (SAS data library, SAS catalog, or SAS data set) in a format that is appropriate to the target operating environment. The terms 'import' and 'restore' can both be used to describe this process, but 'import' usually refers to the use of the CIMPORT procedure.

See also restoring transport files.

incompatible operating environments

See architectural compatibility.

integrity constraints
a set of data validation rules that you can specify in order to restrict the data values that can be stored for a variable in a SAS data file. Integrity constraints help you preserve the validity and consistency of your data.
itemstore
a SAS data set that consists of pieces of information that can be accessed independently. The contents of an itemstore are organized in a directory tree structure, which is similar to the directory structures that are used by UNIX System Services or by DOS. For example, a particular value might be stored and located using a directory path (root_dir/sub_dir/value). The SAS Registry is an example of an itemstore.
JCL (Job Control Language)
a language that is used in the z/OS operating environment to communicate information about a job to the operating system, including information about the data sets, execution time, and amount of memory that the job needs.
Job Control Language (JCL)

See JCL (Job Control Language).

library concatenation
a logical combination of two or more libraries that enables the SAS data sets in the combined libraries to be accessed using a single libref.
library reference

See libref (library reference).

libref (library reference)
a name that is temporarily associated with a SAS data library. The complete name of a SAS file consists of two words, separated by a period. The libref, which is the first word, indicates the library. The second word is the name of the specific SAS file. For example, in VLIB.NEWBDAY, the libref VLIB tells SAS which library contains the file NEWBDAY. You assign a libref with a LIBNAME statement or with an operating system command.
long names
an enhancement that was implemented in SAS Version 7 to extend the maximum length of names from the maximum lengths that were applicable in Version 6. This enhancement applies to the names of variables , data sets, procedures, options, statement labels, librefs, and filerefs . Maximum lengths for long names vary according to the type of name. Truncation rules are applied to long names when a file that was created using Version 7 or later is used in a Version 6 operating environment.



Moving and Accessing SAS 9.1 Files
Moving And Accessing SAS 9.1 Files
ISBN: 1590472306
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2004
Pages: 109
Authors: SAS Institute

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