The two primary governmental agencies involved in regulating, permitting and governing FIEs are the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and its local arm (MOFTEC and COFTEC) and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and its local arm (SAIC and AIC). MOFTEC is the gate- keeper and all FDI and technology transfers are channeled through its processes and regulated by it. The SAIC is charged with licensing, corporate governance, trademark administration and fair trade. There are numerous other state, provincial, local and industrial agencies having their own local regulations that also impact on FDI.