dir - frame

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<dir> - <frame>

<dir> (Directory List)

This element encloses a list of brief, unordered items, such as might occur in a menu or directory.

Standard Syntax (Transitional Only-Deprecated)

 <dir      class="class name(s)"      compact="compact"      dir="ltr  rtl"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">  li elements only  </dir> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events (Deprecated)

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

compact       This attribute reduces the white space between list items.

Example

  <dir>   <li>  Header Files  </li>   <li>  Code Files  </li>   <li>  Comment Files  </li>   </dir>  

Compatibility

HTML 2, 3.2, 4, 4.01 (transitional)
XHTML 1.0 (transitional)

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • Because the <dir> tag is supposed to be used with short lists, the items in the list should have a maximum width of 20 characters . This is rarely respected.

  • The HTML and XHTML strict specifications do not support this element.

  • Most browsers will not render the <dir> tag any differently from the ul element.

  • HTML 2 and 3.2 define only the compact attribute.

  • Most browsers will not render the compact list style.

  • For XHTML compatibility, the compact attribute must have a value: <dir compact="compact"> .

<div> (Division)

This element indicates a generic block of document content that should be treated as a logical unit and will have no default rendering or meaning.

Standard Syntax

 <div      align="center  justify  left  right" (transitional only)      class="class name(s)"      dir="ltr  rtl"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">     </div> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      nowrap="no  yes" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

align       This attribute indicates how the tagged text should be horizontally aligned on the page. The default value is left .

nowrap       This Internet Explorer-specific attribute is used to control the wrapping of text within a <div> tag. If set to yes , text should not wrap. The default is no . CSS rules should be used instead of this attribute.

Examples

  <div align="justify">  All text within this division will be justified  </div>   <div class="special" id="div1" style="background: yellow;">  Divs are useful for setting arbitrary style  </div>  

Compatibility

HTML 3.2, 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0, 1.1, Basic

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • A <div> tag is a generic block tag and is very useful for binding scripts or styles to
    an arbitrary section of a document. It complements <span> , which is used inline.

  • The HTML 4.01 specification specifies that the datafld , dataformatas , and datasrc attributes are reserved for <div> and might be supported in the future. They were removed from XHTML but Internet Explorer supports them for data binding.

  • Under the HTML 4.01 strict specification, the align attribute is not supported.

  • HTML 3.2 supports only the align attribute.

<dl> (Definition List)

This element encloses a list of terms and definition pairs. A common use for this element is to implement a glossary.

Standard Syntax

 <dl      class="class name(s)"      compact="compact" (transitional only)      dir="ltr  rtl"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">  dt and dd elements only  </dl> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

compact       This attribute reduces the white space between list items.

Example

  <dl>   <dt>  Cat  </dt>   <dd>  A domestic animal that likes fish.  </dd>   <dt>  Skunk</dt>  <dd>  A wild animal that needs deodorant.  </dd>   </dl>  

Compatibility

HTML 2, 3.2, 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0, 1.1, Basic

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • The items in the list comprise two parts : the term , indicated by the dt element, and its definition, indicated by the dd element.

  • Some page designers might use a <dl> tag or <ul> tag to create text indention. Although this is a common practice on the Web, it is not advisable because it confuses the meaning of the element by making it a physical layout device rather than a list.

  • HTML 2 and 3.2 support only the compact attribute for this element.

  • For XHTML compatibility, the compact attribute must be expanded: <dl compact="compact"> under the transitional form. It is deprecated under the strict specification.

<dt> (Term in a Definition List)

Identifies a definition list term in a list of terms and definitions.

Standard Syntax

 <dt      class="class name(s)"      dir="ltr  rtl"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">     </dt> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)       nowrap="true  false" (5.5)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

nowrap       This Internet Explorer-specific attribute is used to control the wrapping of text within a <dt> tag. If set to yes , text should not wrap. The default is no . CSS rules should be used instead of this attribute.

Example

  <dl>   <dt>  Vole  </dt>   <dd>  Small creature related to the weasel  </dd>   <dt>  Weasel  </dt>   <dd>  Small creature related to the vole  </dd>   </dl>  

Compatibility

HTML 2, 3.2, 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0, 1.1, Basic

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Netscape 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • This element occurs within a list of defined terms enclosed by a <dl> tag. It generally is used in conjunction with a <dd> tag, which indicates its definition. However, <dt> tags do not require a one-to-one correspondence with <dd> tags.

  • The close tag for the element is optional under older versions of HTML but is suggested when it will make things more clear, particularly with multiple-line definitions.

  • Under XHTML 1.0, the closing </dt> tag is mandatory.

  • HTML 2 and 3.2 support no attributes for this element.

<em> (Emphasis)

This element indicates emphasized text, which many browsers will display as italic text.

Standard Syntax

 <em      class="class name(s)"      dir="ltr  rtl"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">     </em> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Example

 This is an  <em>  important point  </em>  to consider. 

Compatibility

HTML 2, 3.2, 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0, 1.1, Basic

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • As a logical element, em is a prime candidate to bind style information to. For example, to define emphasis to mean a larger font size in the Impact font, you might use a CSS rule like the following in a document-wide style sheet:

     em {font-size: larger; font-family: Impact;} 
  • HTML 2 and 3.2 support no attributes for this element.

<embed> (Embedded Object)

This widely supported nonstandard element specifies an object, typically a multimedia element, to be embedded in an HTML document.

Proprietary Syntax (Commonly Supported)

 <embed      accesskey="key" (5.5)      align="absbottom  absmiddle  baseline  bottom              left  middle  right  texttop  top" (4)      alt="alternative text" (4)      class="class name(s)" (4)      code="filename" (4)      codebase="url" (4)      height="pixels" (4)      hspace="pixels" (4)      id="unique alphanumeric identifier" (4)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript  xml" (5.5)      name="string" (4)      src="url" (4)      style="style information" (4)      title="advisory text" (4)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5)      vspace="pixels" (4)      width="pixels" (4)>     </embed> 

Attributes Defined by Netscape

 border="pixels" (4)      hidden="true  false" (4)      palette="background  foreground" (4)      pluginspage="url" (4)      type="mime type" (4)      units="en  pixels" (4) 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate, onbeforepaste,  onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncut, ondeactivate, onfocus, onfocusin,  onfocusout, onhelp, onload, onlosecapture, onmouseenter, onmouseleave,  onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste, onpropertychange,  onreadystatechange, onresize, onresizeend, onresizestart, onscroll 

Element-Specific Attributes

align       This attribute controls the alignment of adjacent text with respect to the embedded object. The default value is left .

alt       This attribute indicates the text to be displayed if the included object cannot be executed.

border       This attribute specifies the size in pixels of the border around the embedded object.

code       This attribute specifies the name of the file containing the compiled Java class if the embed element is used to include a Java applet. This is a strange alternative form of Java inclusion documented by Microsoft.

codebase       This specifies the base URL for the plug-in or potential applet in the case of the alternative form under Internet Explorer.

height       This attribute sets the height of the embedded object in pixels.

hidden       If this attribute is set to the value true , the embedded object is not visible on the page and implicitly has a size of zero.

hspace       This attribute specifies, in pixels, the size of the left and right margins between the embedded object and surrounding text.

name       This attribute specifies a name for the embedded object, which can be referenced by client-side programs in an embedded scripting language.

palette       This attribute is used only on Windows systems to select the color palette used for the plug-in and might be set to background or foreground . The default is background .

pluginspage       This attribute contains the URL of instructions for installing the plug-in required to render the embedded object.

src       This attribute specifies the URL of source content for the embedded object.

type       This attribute specifies the MIME type of the embedded object. It is used by the browser to determine an appropriate plug-in for rendering the object. It can be used instead of the src attribute for plug-ins that have no content or that fetch it dynamically.

units       This Netscape-specific attribute is used to set the units for measurement for the embedded object either in en or in the default, pixels .

vspace       This attribute specifies, in pixels, the size of the top and bottom margins between the embedded object and surrounding text.

width       This attribute sets the width, in pixels, of the embedded object.

Examples

 <!-- embed without a close tag -->  <embed src="testmovie.mov" height="150" width="150">   <noembed>   <img src="testgif.gif" height="150" width="150" alt="Test Image">   </noembed>  <!-- embed with a close tag -->  <embed src="testmovie.mov" height="150" width="150">   <noembed>   <img src="testgif.gif" height="150" width="150" alt="Test Image">   </noembed>   </embed>  

Compatibility

No standards

Internet Explorer 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 2, 3, 4-4.7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • It is actually unclear whether or not the close tag for <embed> is required. Many sites tend not to use it, and documentation is not consistent. Some people claim that a close tag is required and should surround any alternative content in a noembed element; others do not use a close tag. Whatever the case, this element should be phased out in favor of object , so this might be a moot issue.

  • The embed element is not favored by the W3C and is not part of any official HTML or XHTML specification; however, it is very common. The HTML specification says to use the object element, which can be used in conjunction with the embed element to provide backward compatibility. See Chapter 15 for examples.

  • Embedded objects are multimedia content files of arbitrary type that are rendered by browser plug-ins. The type attribute uses a file's MIME type to determine an appropriate browser plug-in. Any attributes not defined are treated as object-specific parameters and are passed through to the embedded object. Consult the plug-in or object documentation to determine these. The standard parameters supported by the Microsoft implementation are height , name , palette , src , units , and width .

< fieldset > (Form Field Grouping)

This element allows form designers to group thematically related controls together.

Standard Syntax

 <fieldset      class="class name(s)"      dir="ltr  rtl"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">     </fieldset> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      align="center  left  right" (4)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      datafld="name of column supplying bound data" (4)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

align       Internet Explorer defines the align attribute, which sets how the element and its contents are positioned in a table or the window.

datafld       This attribute specifies the column name from the data source object that supplies the bound data. This attribute is specific to Microsoft's data binding.

Example

 <fieldset> <legend>Customer Identification</legend> <br /> <label>Customer Name: <input type="text" id="CustName" size="25" /> </label> </fieldset> 

Compatibility

HTML 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0, 1.1

Internet Explorer 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • Grouping controls makes it easier for users to understand the purposes of the controls while simultaneously facilitating tabbing navigation for visual user agents and speech navigation for speech-oriented user agents . The proper use of this element makes documents more accessible to people with disabilities .

  • The caption for a < fieldset> tag can be defined by the legend element.

  • The typical visual rendering of a fieldset is a boxed grouping of form fields with a label defined by the legend element.

<font> (Font Definition)

This element allows specification of the size, color, and font of the text it encloses.

Standard Syntax (Transitional Only)

 <font      class="class name(s)"      color="color name  #RRGGBB"      dir="ltr  rtl"      face="font name"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      size="1 to 7  +1 to +6  -1 to -6"      style="style information"      title="advisory text">     </font> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 accesskey="key" (5.5)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off"(5.5) 

Attributes Defined by Netscape

 point-size="point size for font" (4)      weight="100  200  300  400  500              600  700  800  900" (4) 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, onclick, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect,  oncopy, oncut, ondeactivate, ondblclick, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter,  ondragleave, ondragover, ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout,  onhelp, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onlosecapture, onmousedown, onmouseenter,  onmouseleave, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend,  onmovestart, onpaste, onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend,  onresizestart, onselectstart, ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

color       This attribute sets the text color using either a browser-dependent named color or a color specified in the hexadecimal #RRGGBB format.

face       This attribute contains a list of one or more font names separated by commas. The user agent looks through the specified font names and renders the text in the first font that is supported.

point-size       This Netscape 4-specific attribute specifies the point size of text and is used with downloadable fonts.

size       This attribute specifies the font size as either a numeric or relative value. Numeric values range from 1 to 7 with 1 being the smallest and 3 the default. The relative values, + and - , increment or decrement the font size relative to the current size. The value for increment or decrement should range only from +1 to + 6 or - 1 to - 6 .

weight       Under Netscape 4, this attribute specifies the weight of the font, with a value of 100 being lightest and 900 being heaviest.

Example

  <font color="#FF0000" face="Helvetica, Times Roman" size="+1">  Relatively large red text in Helvetica or Times.  </font>  

Compatibility

HTML 3.2, 4, 4.01 (transitional)
XHTML 1.0 (transitional)

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 1.1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • Use of this element is not encouraged, as it is not part of strict HTML and XHTML specifications. Style sheets provide a cleaner way of providing the same functionality when they are supported.

  • Interestingly, the transitional specification for some reason does not define core events for this element. In practice, they are supported by major browsers.

  • The default text size for a document can be set using the size attribute of the basefont element.

  • The HTML 3.2 specification supports only the color and size attributes for this element.

<form> (Form for User Input)

The element defines a fill-in form that can contain labels and form controls, such as menus and text entry boxes that might be filled in by a user.

Standard Syntax

 <form      accept-charset="list of supported character sets"      action="url"      class="class name(s)"      dir="ltr  rtl"      enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded                multipart/form-data  text/plain                Media Type as per RFC 2045"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      lang="language code"      method="get  post"      name="form's name for scripting"      style="style information"      target="_blank  frame name  _parent  _self                _top" (transitional only)      title="advisory text">     </form> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 autocomplete="yes  no" (5.0)      contenteditable="false  true  inherit" (5.5)      disabled="false  true" (5.5)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5) 

Standard Events

 onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout,  onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup, onreset, onsubmit 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onbeforeactivate, onbeforecopy, onbeforecut, onbeforedeactivate,  onbeforeeditfocus, onbeforepaste, onblur, oncontextmenu, oncontrolselect, oncopy,  oncut, ondeactivate, ondrag, ondragend, ondragenter, ondragleave, ondragover,  ondragstart, ondrop, onfocus, onfocusin, onfocusout, onhelp, onlosecapture,  onmouseenter, onmouseleave, onmousewheel, onmove, onmoveend, onmovestart, onpaste,  onpropertychange, onreadystatechange, onresizeend, onresizestart, onselectstart,  ontimeerror 

Element-Specific Attributes

accept-charset       This attribute specifies the list of character encodings for input data that must be accepted by the server processing the form. The value is a space- or comma-delimited list of character sets as defined in RFC 2045. The default value for this attribute is the reserved value unknown .

action       This attribute contains the URL of the server program that will process the contents of the form. Some browsers also might support a mailto URL, which can mail the results to the specified address.

autocomplete       This Microsoft proprietary attribute, introduced in Internet Explorer 5.0, will automatically finish filling in information that the user has previously input into an input field, and which has been encrypted and stored by the browser.

enctype       This attribute indicates how form data should be encoded before being sent to the server. The default is application/x-www-form-urlencoded . This encoding replaces blank characters in the data with a plus character (+) and all other nonprinting characters with a percent sign (%) followed by the character's ASCII HEX representation. The multipart/form-data option does not perform character conversion and transfers the information as a compound MIME document. This must be used when using <input-type="file"> . It also might be possible to use another encoding, such as text/plain, to avoid any form of hex encoding; this might be useful with mailed forms.

method       This attribute indicates how form information should be transferred to the server. The get option appends data to the URL specified by the action attribute. This approach gives the best performance but imposes a size limitation determined by the command line length supported by the server. The post option transfers data using a HTTP post transaction. This approach is more secure and imposes no data size limitation.

name       This attribute specifies a name for the form and can be used by client-side programs to reference form data.

target       In documents containing frames, this attribute specifies the target frame that will display the results of a form submission. In addition to named frames , several special values exist. The _blank value indicates a new window. The _parent value indicates the parent frame set containing the source link. The _self value indicates the frame containing the source link. The _top value indicates the full browser window.

Example

  <form action="http://www.bigcompany.com/cgi-bin/processit.exe"   method="post" name="testform" onsubmit="return validate();">  Enter your comments here:  <br />   <textarea name="comments" cols="30" rows="8">   </textarea>   <br /><br />   <input type="submit" value="send" />   <input type="reset" value="clear" />   </form>  

Compatibility

HTML 2, 3.2, 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0, 1.1, Basic

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • Form content is defined using the <button> , <input> , <select> , and <textarea> tags, as well as other HTML formatting and structuring elements.

  • Special grouping elements, such as fieldset , label , and legend are provided to structure form fields, but more often tags like <div> and <table> are used to improve form layout.

  • HTML 2 and 3.2 support only the action , enctype , and method attributes for the form element.

<frame> (Window Region)

This element defines a nameable window region, known as a frame, that can independently display its own content.

Standard Syntax

 <frame      class="class name(s)"      frameborder="0  1"      id="unique alphanumeric identifier"      longdesc="url of description"      marginheight="pixels"      marginwidth="pixels"      name="frame name"      noresize="noresize"      scrolling="auto  no  yes"      src="url" of frame contents      style="style information"      title="advisory text"> 

Attributes Defined by Internet Explorer

 allowtransparency="no  yes" (5.5)      application="no  yes" (5)      bordercolor="color name  #RRGGBB" (4)      datafld="name of column supplying bound data" (4)      datasrc="id of data source object supplying data" (4)      frameborder="no  yes  0  1" (4)      height="pixels" (4)      hidefocus="true  false" (5.5)      lang="language code" (4)      language="javascript  jscript  vbs  vbscript" (4)      security="restricted" (6)      tabindex="number" (5.5)      unselectable="on  off" (5.5)      width="pixels" (4) 

Events Defined by Internet Explorer

 onactivate, onafterupdate, onbeforedeactivate, onbeforeupdate, onblur,  oncontrolselect, ondeactivate, onerrorupdate, onfocus, onload, onmove, onmoveend,  onmovestart, onresize, onresizeend, onresizestart 

Element-Specific Attributes

allowtransparency       This Internet Explorer-specific attribute determines whether the < frame> is transparent or opaque . The default value is false , which means it is opaque.

application       This Microsoft-specific attribute is used to indicate whether the content of an < frame> is to be considered an HTA application. HTA applications are applications that use HTML, JavaScript, and Internet Explorer, but are not limited to the typical type of security considerations of a Web page. Given its security implications, this attribute should only be set if the developer is familiar with HTAs.

bordercolor       This attribute sets the color of the frame's border using either a named color or a color specified in the hexadecimal #RRGGBB format.

datafld       This Internet Explorer attribute specifies the column name from the data source object that supplies the bound data.

datasrc       This Internet Explorer attribute indicates the id of the data source object that supplies the data that is bound to this element.

frameborder       This attribute determines whether the frame is surrounded by an outlined three-dimensional border. The HTML specification prefers the use of 1 for the frame border on, and for off; most browsers also acknowledge the use of no and yes .

longdesc       This attribute specifies the URL of a document that contains a long description of the frame's content. This attribute should be used in conjunction with the title element.

marginheight       This attribute sets the height in pixels between the frame's contents and its top and bottom borders.

marginwidth       This attribute sets the width in pixels between the frame's contents and its left and right borders.

name       This attribute assigns the frame a name so that it can be the target destination of hyperlinks as well as being a possible candidate for manipulation via a script.

noresize       This attribute overrides the default ability to resize frames and gives the frame a
fixed size.

scrolling       This attribute determines whether the frame has scroll bars. A yes value forces scroll bars, a no value prohibits them, and an auto value lets the browser decide. When not specified, the default value of auto is used. Authors are recommended to leave the value as auto . If you turn off scrolling and the contents end up being too large for the frame (due to rendering differences, window size, and so forth), the user will not be able to scroll to see the rest of the contents. If you turn scrolling on and the contents all fit in the frame, the scroll bars will needlessly consume screen space. With the auto value, scroll bars appear only when needed.

security       This attribute sets the value indicating whether the source file of a frame has security restrictions applied. The only allowed value is restricted .

src       This attribute contains the URL of the contents to be displayed in the frame. If it is absent, nothing will be loaded in the frame.

Example

  <frameset rows="20%,80%">   <frame src="controls.html" name="controls" noresize="noresize" scrolling="no" />   <frame src="content.html" />   </frameset>  

Compatibility

HTML 4, 4.01
XHTML 1.0 (frameset DTD only)

Internet Explorer 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6
Netscape 2, 3, 4, 4.5-4.8, 6, 7
Opera 4-7

Notes

  • XHTML 1.0 requires a trailing slash for this element: <frame /> .

  • A frame must be declared as part of a frame set by using the <frameset> tag, which specifies the frame's relationship to other frames on a page. A frame set occurs in a special HTML document, in which the frameset element replaces the body element. Another form of frames called independent frames , or floating frames , also is supported. Floating frames can be directly embedded in a document without belonging to a frame set. These are defined with the iframe element.

  • Many browsers do not support frames and require the use of the <noframes> tag.

  • Frames introduce potential navigation difficulties; their use should be limited to instances in which they can be shown to help navigation rather than hinder it. See Chapter 8 for more details.



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HTML & XHTML
HTML & XHTML: The Complete Reference (Osborne Complete Reference Series)
ISBN: 007222942X
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2003
Pages: 252
Authors: Thomas Powell

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