C

Calling Loop:
See Parent Loop .
Cardinality:
Cardinality determines how many times a specific item can occur within a given set of items. Low cardinality implies there are few unique values within a large set. High cardinality means many unique values within a set of values.
Cascading Style Sheets:
The HTML form of XSL for XML. CSS is used to provide formatting and processing capabilities to HTML pages.
Case Sensitive:
XML documents are case sensitive. For example, <root> is different from <Root> .
Central Processing Unit:
The processor or chip in your computer.
Child Loop:
A programmatic loop, executing within, and possibly dependent upon, the results of a parent or calling loop. The parent loop may be dependent on the child loop. There can be only one child loop per parent loop.
Child Node:
A child node is a non-atomic value, and a node with a parent node. A child node can have zero or more child nodes of its own.
Class:
A class defines a structure into which data is stored, and is the object methodology equivalent of a relational entity or table. A class contains attributes for storing values in, much the same as a table uses fields for storing values into.
Client-Server:
Client-server environment was common in the pre-Internet days where a transactional database serviced users within a single company. The number of users could range from as little as one, up to thousands of users. Number of users depended on the size of the company. The critical factor was a mixture of both individual record change activity and modestly sized reports . Client-server database models typically catered for low concurrency and low throughput at the same time, because the number of users was always manageable.
Client Side Scripting Language:
Scripting language running in a browser, on an end user computer (client side). Used to create interactive application environment with end users.
CLOB:
Character large binary object (binary object for storing large strings).
Coding:
Programming code in whatever language is appropriate. For example, C is a programming language.
Collection:
In XML a collection is also known as a sequence, which is a group of elements contained within a parent element. A collection is a special type of attribute, and is the term applied to a repetition of elements of one class contained within another class. At run-time that collection becomes a collection of objects. A collection effectively defines a one-to-many relationship between a parent class and a child class. A collection is similar to a relational entity on the many side of a one-to-many relationship.
Column:
See Field .
COMMIT:
Completes a transaction by storing all changes to a database.
Compiler:
A programming tool used to parse program language command sequences. When all commands are assessed as valid, the program is converted to binary (0s and 1s) or machine language. A computer can execute machine language much faster than having the computer read all the commands in a language such as English, every time the program is executed (see Interpreter ). A programming language is compiled and a scripting language is interpreted.
Complex Data Type:
Typically used in object structures, consisting of a number of fields. Used to describe a multiple field structure using XSD.
Compression:
A term often used to describe some form of compaction of physical space used.
Concurrency:
A measure of the amount of processing that can be performed at once. Typically, for an Internet servicing architecture, concurrency is the number of user connections that can be serviced at once. See Concurrent .
Concurrent:
More than one process executed at the same time means two processes are executing simultaneously , or more than one process accessing the same piece of data at the same time. See Concurrency .
Constraint:
Constraints constrain, restrict, or apply rules both within and between relational database tables. The term also applies to restrictions, such as a data type, placed on an element (equivalent of a field) in XSD definition.
Context Index:
Many documents are indexed by creating an index containing some value that uniquely identifies subject matter of each XML document. The indexed values are stored in a side table, and then an index is created on the side table. The result is fast indexed access into a large collection of XML documents, based on whatever indexed values are created for each XML document in the collection.
Control Structure:
A programming term referring to program coding statements controlling which line of code is executed next . For example, a loop determines that all lines within the loop are executed until the loop is terminated somehow. Thus a loop is a control statement, controlling what to execute next.
CPU:
See Central Processing Unit .
CREATE INDEX:
A command used to create and index in a relational database.
CREATE TABLE:
A command used to create a table in a relational database.
Cross-Join:
A join where all records in one table are matched with all records in another table. The result is every record in one table joined with every record in the second table, regardless of any relationship between the two tables. The result can be meaningless except under special circumstances, and usually in data warehouses.
CSS:
See Cascading Style Sheets .
Custom Data Type:
A custom data type allows a developer to create a data type of their own definition, usually as a refinement of an existing data type, or a composite of a number of objects. Also known as a user-defined data type.


Beginning XML Databases
Beginning XML Databases (Wrox Beginning Guides)
ISBN: 0471791202
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2006
Pages: 183
Authors: Gavin Powell

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