Chapter 5 Quick Reference

To	Do this
Perform a one-way test.	Use the if keyword followed by a test enclosed in parentheses. You must enclose the if body in braces if it contains more than one statement. For example: if (n < 0) { Console::Write(S"The number "); Console::Write(n); Console::WriteLine(S" is negative"); }
Perform a two-way test.	Use an if-else construct. For example: if (n < 0) { Console::Write(S"Negative"); } else { Console::Write(S"Not negative"); }
Perform a multiway test.	Use an if-else-if construct. For example: if (n < 0) { Console::Write(S"Negative"); } else if (n == 0) { Console::Write(S"Zero"); } else { Console::Write(S"Positive"); }
Test a single expression against a finite set of constant values.	Use the switch keyword followed by an integral expression enclosed in parentheses. Define case branches for each value you want to test against, and define a default branch for all other values. Use the break statement to close a branch. For example: int dayNumber; // 0=Sun, 1=Mon, etc. ... switch (dayNumber) { case 0: case 6: Console::Write(S"Weekend"); break; default: Console::Write(S"Weekday"); break; }
Perform iteration by using the while loop.	Use the while keyword followed by a test enclosed in parentheses. For example: int n = 10; while (n >= 0) { Console::WriteLine(n); n--; }
Perform iteration by using the for loop.	Use the for keyword followed by a pair of parentheses. Within the parentheses, define an initialization expression, followed by a test expression, followed by an update expression. Use semicolons to separate these expressions. For example: for (int n = 10; n >= 0; n--) { Console::WriteLine(n); }
Perform iteration by using the do-while loop.	Use the do keyword, followed by the loop body, followed by the while keyword and the test condition. Terminate the loop with a semicolon. For example: int n; do { String * input = Console::ReadLine(); n = input->ToInt32(0); } while (n > 100);
Terminate a loop prematurely.	Use the break statement inside any loop. For example: for (int n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { int square = n * n; if (square > 3500) { break; } Console::WriteLine(square); }
Abandon a loop iteration and continue with the next iteration.	Use the continue statement inside any loop. For example: for (int n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { int square = n * n; if (square % 2 == 0) { continue; } Console::WriteLine(square); }