gloss_A

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access method.
An access method is the set of rules by which the network arbitrates access among the nodes. Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection and token passing are two access methods commonly used in LANs.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).
Within TCP/IP, ARP is the protocol that matches a MAC address to an IP address. Without ARP, packets couldn't take the final step to their destinations on local networks, because Ethernet and Token Ring NICs don't recognize IP addresses.
address.
An address is a unique identification code that is assigned to a network device, so it can independently send and receive messages.
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN).
APPN is the network architecture within IBM's Systems Application Architecture that provides for peer-to-peer access among computers. Under APPN, a mainframe host is not required. It also implements concepts such as dynamic network directories and routing in SNA. Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking is an extension of SNA that is based on LU6.2 and that provides additional distributed network control. APPN also automates resource registration and directory lookup. There are two types of APPN devices: EN, or End Nodes, which contain client and server applications, and NN, or Network Nodes, which provide routing and network management services. See LU, SNA.
Advanced Program-to-Program Communications (APPC).
APPC is the protocol suite within IBM's Systems Application Architecture that provides peer-to-peer access, enabling PCs and midrange hosts to communicate directly with mainframes. APPC is key for distributed computing within an IBM environment. APPC can be used over an SNA, Token Ring, Ethernet, or X.25 network. The term Advanced Program-to-Program Communication is often used synonymously with LU6.2, in particular to refer to products based on the LU6.2 architecture. See LU.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
ANSI is the principal group in the United States for defining standards. ANSI represents the U.S. in ISO, the international standards-making body. Fiber Distributed Data Interface, a 100Mbit/sec network, is one network standard developed by ANSI.
analog.
An analog signal or representation continuously indicates some value or quantity, while a digital signal or representation indicates a limited number of discrete values, most commonly the binary distinction between on and off or 0 and 1.
APPC
See Advanced Program-to-Program Communication, LU.
AppleShare.
Apple Computer's network operating system is designed to run primarily with Macintoshes, but also accommodates DOS and Windows PC clients . AppleShare Pro runs under A/UX, Apple's version of Unix, and is a high-performance version of the network operating system.
AppleTalk.
AppleTalk is the name of Apple Computer's networking specification. AppleTalk includes such Physical layer specifications as LocalTalk, EtherTalk, and TokenTalk; network and transport functions such as Datagram Delivery Protocol and AppleTalk Session Protocol; addressing such as Name Binding Protocol; file sharing such as AppleShare; and remote access such as AppleTalk Remote Access.
Application layer.
The seventh and uppermost layer of the OSI model, the application layer allows users to transfer files, send mail, and perform other functions where they interact with the network components and services. It is the only layer that users communicate with directly, though many Application layer services are provided to programs or processes, and are not intended for direct consumption by people.
application programming interface (API).
An API is a set of programming functions, calls, and interfaces that provide access to services, such as messaging, text formatting, or the functions of a particular Network layer. Programmers access the functionality of operating systems, utilities, and other packaged functions through APIs.
APPN
See Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking
ARCnet.
Datapoint designed this 2.5Mbit/sec token-passing, star-wired network in the 1970s. Its low cost and high reliability has made it attractive to companies on a tight network budget. ARCnetPlus is a proprietary product of Datapoint that runs at 20Mbits/sec. TCNS is a 100Mbit/sec version of ARCnet over fiber- optic cabling developed by the Thomas Conrad Corporation.
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange).
The ASCII schema represents 128 characters-the upper and lower case alphabetical characters , 10 numerals, common punctuation marks, and certain printer commands-using the numbers that can be formed with seven binary digits. Other representation codes are in use, such as EBCDIC in the IBM mainframe world, and it is ostensibly the responsibility of layer 6 of the OSI model, the Presentation layer, to handle character code conversions if necessary.
ASN.1
The Abstract Syntax Notation is a formal language-that is to say, a machine-readable or compilable format-defined by CCITT X.208 and ISO 8824. Under both CMIP and SNMP, ASN.1 defines the syntax and format of communication between managed devices and management applications. See CMIP, SNMP.
asynchronous communication server (ACS).
An asynchronous communication server is some combination of a computer motherboard, asynchronous modems, and software that enable multiple people to dial out of a LAN. ACSs also provide dial-in service, where users not in the office can use modems to call up their network services in the office. ACSs are also called dial-in/dial-out servers or modem servers.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).
ATM is a method of data transmission used by Broadband ISDN. It is specified as 53-octet fixed length cells that are transmitted over a cell-switched network. Speeds up to 10 gigabits per second and higher are possible, and it is capable of carrying voice, video, and data. ATM has been embraced by the LAN and WAN industries, who have proclaimed it as the solution to integrating disparate networks across a large geographic distance. It is also called cell relay.
attenuation.
Attenuation is the amount of power that is lost as a signal moves over a medium from the transmitter to the receiver. It is measured in decibels (dBs).
 
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Network Tutorial
Lan Tutorial With Glossary of Terms: A Complete Introduction to Local Area Networks (Lan Networking Library)
ISBN: 0879303794
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2003
Pages: 193

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