- Indian Territory
- 1576, 1589, 1597.
- Indian Union
- 3954, 3973.
- India-Pakistan relations
- 2662, 2696.
- Indic kingdoms
- 135.
- Indies
- 281, 572, 572, 603, 605, 611, 657, 657, 895, 908, 909, 909, 909, 910, 910, 911, 2457.
- Indies Communist Party, PKI
- 2456, 2456.
- Indigenista movement, Mexico
- 2296.
- Indios, Philippines
- 1480.
- indirect rule policy
- 1511, 1519, 1537.
- Indjova, Reneta, Bulgarian leader
- 3244.
- Indochina
- 339, 953, 1402, 1473, 1475, 1706, 2211, 2451, 2526, 2527, 2528, 2529, 2636, 2651, 2653, 2843, 2844, 2847, 2849, 4064, 4069, 4071, 4081, 4082, 4093, 4101, 4254, 4254, 4256, 4256, 4262, 4266, 4272, 4273; between Wars, 2453; Great Depression, 2453; WWII, 2520, 2521, 2624, 2624, 2624, 2625, 2625; and U.S., 3398.
- Indochinese Federation
- 4254.
- Indochinese People's Conference
- 4082.
- Indo-European, language family
- 67, 113, 113, 114, 119, 129, 170, 222, 222.
- Indo-European peoples
- 67, 86, 154, 430, 482, 482.
- Indo-Fijians
- 2530.
- Indonesia (Netherlands East Indies)
- 294, 347, 366, 366, 843, 843, 867, 1402, 1414, 1414, 1414, 1706, 2455, 2456, 2456, 2627, 2636, 2636, 2637, 2641, 2644, 2644, 2673, 2681, 2697, 2828, 2829, 2830, 2921, 3279, 4047, 4047, 4106, 4106, 4106, 4107, 4107, 4107, 4107, 4109, 4119, 4121, 4123, 4123, 4124, 4125, 4125, 4125, 4130, 4131, 4133, 4134, 4135, 4136, 4136, 4136, 4136, 4137, 4138, 4138, 4138, 4138, 4139, 4139, 4147, 4283, 4293, 4302; WWI, 2456; ideal of one nation, 2456; language, 2456; and Netherlands, 2456, 2457, 2457, 4119, 4119, 4120, 4120, 4120, 4120, 4120, 4121, 4122, 4125, 4126, 4126, 4127, 4130, 4131, 4136; makeup, 2458, 4047; WWII, 2625; economy, 4047, 4134, 4136, 4137, 4137; Republic, 4119; United States of Indonesia, 4119, 4122, 4122, 4123; Great East, 4119; and Great Britain, 4119; Republic of Indonesia, 4123; and Russia, 4125, 4129, 4135; and China, 4128, 4135; student unrest, 4133, 4137, 4137. See Netherlands East Indies.
- Indonesian Democracy Party-Struggle, PDI-P
- 4138.
- Indonesian National Party, PNI
- 2456.
- Indonesian People's Army
- 2457.
- Indo-Persian culture
- 830, 832, 834.
- Indore
- 325, 835.
- Indra
- 129.
- Indrapura
- 367.
- Indus River
- 39, 42, 48, 62, 62, 65, 65, 66, 120, 124, 129, 129, 129, 207, 217, 290, 325, 334, 1354, 3995.
- Industrial and Agricultural Bank of Iran
- 2344.
- Industrial and Agricultural Bank of Iraq
- 2405.
- Industrial and Commercial Union, ICU
- 2577, 2578.
- Industrial Arbitration Board
- 2299.
- Industrial Code, Germany
- 1097.
- Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act, New Zealand
- 1504.
- industrialization
- 1513, 1707; 1500–1800, 579, 579; after Thirty Years' War, 644; deindustrialization, 644, 961, 3419, 3427; 1800–1914, 953, 956, 956, 956, 961, 961, 961, 961, 961, 961, 981, 985, 985, 999, 999, 1034, 1034, 1034, 1034, 1034, 1034, 1037, 1037, 1081, 1142, 1142, 1142, 1142, 1142; Low Countries, 1053; France, 1059, 1061, 1061, 2851; Spain, 1062; Italy, 1066; Austria, 1073, 1073, 1073; Russia, 1261, 1261, 2072; Poland, 1268; Romania, 1318; Egypt, 1366; India, 1397, 1398; Japan, 1448; U.S., 1563, 1565, 1572, 1598, 2187; Canada, 1634; and environment, 2642.
- Industrial Revolution
- 579, 644, 647, 956, 999, 1034; Second, 1142, 1142.
- Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
- 1598, 1615, 2188.
- industry
- 893, 1920; after Thirty Years' War, 644; England 1600s–1700s, 682; Spain 1600s–1700s, 718; Portugal 1600s, 728; Sweden 1600s–1700s, 761, 762; Norway 1700s, 772; Denmark-Norway 1700s, 772; Middle East 1500–1800, 791; Iran 1500s–1600s, 813, 815; Iran 1700s, 817; India 1500–1800, 830; Japan 1500–1800, 859; Americas, 911; 1800–1914, 956, 961, 961, 961, 1142, 1142; Spain, 1062, 1062; Italy, 1066, 1066; Switzerland, 1070, 1070; Central Europe, 1071; Scandinavia, 1075; Germany, 1097, 1231; Great Britain, 1155; Bulgaria, 1304; Middle East-North Africa, 1327; Tunisia, 1387; China, 1420; Japan, 1449; 19th century, 1506; U.S., 1575; international, 1700; efficiency, 1734.
- Infant Life Protection Act, England
- 1160.
- Information Bureau, Cominform
- 3199.
- Ingavi, battle of
- 1668, 1670.
- Ingeborg, wife of Philip II of France
- 450, 469.
- Ingermanland
- 620, 659.
- Ingria
- 628.
- Ingush
- 3271.
- Ingushetia
- 3370.
- Inhambane
- 4464.
- inheritance laws
- 1076; in France, 1018.
- Injo, Korean king
- 856, 856.
- Injong, Korean king
- 382.
- Inkatha Freedom Party, IFP
- 4477, 4480, 4481, 4482, 4483, 4484.
- Inland Sea
- 163, 386, 387, 387.
- Inland Steel Company
- 2206.
- Inner Mongolia
- 2462, 2480, 2496, 2634.
- Innocent I, pope
- 401, 401.
- Innocent II, pope
- 456, 468, 471.
- Innocent III, pope
- 445, 445, 445, 448, 450, 450, 452, 457, 457, 457, 460, 469, 469, 469, 469, 469, 469, 469, 470, 476, 505, 507, 507, 507.
- Innocent IV, pope
- 458, 459, 459, 459, 459, 469, 557.
- Innocent VI, pope
- 530.
- Innocent VIII, pope
- 532, 533.
- Innocent X, pope
- 736.
- Innocent XI, pope
- 736, 918.
- Innocent XII, pope
- 736, 736.
- Innocent XIII, pope
- 737.
- Inn River
- 624.
- Innsbruck
- 1089.
- Innsbruck, University of
- 758.
- Inns of Court, London
- 446.
- Inönü, Ismet, Turkish leader
- 2321, 2333, 2632, 3787, 3793, 3796.
- Inoue, Kaoru
- 1442.
- Inquisition
- 451, 469, 595, 609, 609, 744; Spain, 525, 601, 718, 719, 726, 823; Portugal, 605, 727, 730, 730, 730, 918, 1064; Roman, 639, 742; Italy, 748; in the Americas, 910, 1653.
- Inshushinak
- 121, 122.
- Institut des hautes études, Dakar
- 4323.
- Institute for the Investigation of Barbarian Books, Japan
- 1442.
- Institute of Civil Engineers, London
- 983.
- Institute for Sexual Science, Berlin
- 1814.
- Institute of Social Reform, Spain
- 1204, 1204.
- Institute of Technology, Technion
- 2389.
- Institute of Western Books, Japan
- 1442.
- Institutes
- 260.
- Institutio Oratoria
- 246.
- Instruction of Amunemope
- 93.
- Instructions for King Merikare
- 91.
- Instructions of King Amenemhet
- 92.
- Instrument of Government, England
- 594, 671.
- Insubres
- 228, 233.
- Insular Cases, U.S. Supreme Court
- 1611.
- insurance
- 1142, 1163, 1229, 1235, 1262, 1621, 2273; life, 683, 711; marine, 686; unemployment, 1841, 1843, 1873; old-age pensions, 1854, 1895, 1905; disability insurance, 1895; social insurance, 1908, 1970, 1998, 2014, 2027, 2049, 2056, 2205, 2205, 2231, 2832, 2858, 2942, 2968, 2991, 3062; medical, 2822; health insurance, 2850. See social reforms.
- Insurgents, Spanish Civil War
- 1725, 1929, 1929, 1929, 1929, 1930, 1930, 1930, 1931, 1931, 1932, 1939, 1954, 1955, 1990.
- Inter-Allied Commission of Military Control
- 1826.
- Inter-American Conferences
- 2240, 3466, 3466, 3467.
- Inter-American Drug Control Committee
- 3475.
- Inter-American Mutual Assistance Treaty
- 3466.
- Inter-American Peace Committee
- 3639.
- Inter-American relations
- 2601, 2603; Havana conference, 2599; Rio conference, 2601, 2601; Mexico City conference, 2603.
- Intercolonial Railway
- 1632.
- Intercursus Magnus, commercial treaty between England and the Netherlands
- 585.
- Intergralista, green shirt movement
- 2273, 2273, 2273.
- Interim People's Committee, Korea
- 4190.
- interlacustrine region, Africa
- 1506, 1535.
- Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty
- 2683, 2684.
- Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, IMRO
- 1321, 1321, 3197.
- Internal Revenue Service, IRS
- 3437.
- Internal Security Bill, U.S.
- 3394.
- International Amateur Athletic Federation, IAAF
- 960, 1706.
- International Antarctic Treaty
- 998.
- International Association for the Exploration and Civilization of Africa
- 1509.
- International Association for the Exploration and Civilization of Central Africa
- 1112, 1539, 1540.
- International Association of the Congo
- 1112, 1540, 1540, 1540.
- International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA
- 2641, 2737.
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- 1700, 2633, 2640.
- International Bank of Economic Collaboration
- 2724.
- International Broadcasting Union
- 1700.
- International Brotherhood of Teamsters, U.S.
- 3409.
- International Chamber of Commerce
- 1700, 1708.
- International Commission for Air Navigation
- 1698, 1708.
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- 959.
- International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver
- 2692.
- International Conferences of American States
- 1699.
- International Court of Justice, The Hague
- 974.
- International Court of Justice, ICJ
- 2634, 2638, 2638, 2649, 2651, 2668, 2676, 2680, 2681, 2688, 2764, 2777, 2922, 3694, 3948, 4316, 4361, 4475, 4476.
- international expeditionary force
- 1424.
- international expositions
- 1700; 1800–1914, 959.
- International Federation of Business
- 1701.
- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
- 1701, 1708.
- International Finance Commission
- 1390.
- International Geographical Conference, Sixth
- 996.
- International Geophysical Year
- 998, 2655.
- International Hotel Alliance
- 1700, 1709.
- International Institute of Agriculture
- 1698.
- International Investment Bank
- 2732.
- International Labor Office
- 3267.
- International Labor Organization, ILO
- 1698, 1708, 2638, 2674, 2797.
- International Meteorological Organization
- 959, 1698.
- International Missionary Conference
- 1709.
- International Missionary Council
- 1701, 2658.
- International Monetary Fund, IMF
- 1700, 2633, 2640, 2640, 2645, 2667, 2673, 2757, 2789, 2850, 3102, 3111, 3113, 3113, 3137, 3137, 3140, 3140, 3153, 3160, 3175, 3204, 3241, 3251, 3303, 3335, 3341, 3347, 3365, 3385, 3390, 3500, 3522, 3528, 3546, 3555, 3557, 3569, 3569, 3570, 3571, 3601, 3611, 3619, 3628, 3643, 3689, 3689, 3689, 3690, 3691, 3695, 3698, 3704, 3709, 3742, 3742, 3763, 3792, 4073, 4137, 4183, 4219, 4251, 4275, 4292, 4292, 4320, 4329, 4331, 4404, 4426, 4447, 4468, 4492, 4492; Committee of Twenty, 2669, 2671.
- International Olympic Committee
- 2667.
- International Petroleum Company, IPC
- 3553, 3554.
- International Polar Stations
- 996.
- International Postal Congress, Berne
- 1228.
- International Red Cross
- 2125, 4197.
- international relations
- 959, 959, 959, 962, 965, 970, 999, 1099.
- International Ruhr Authority
- 2708.
- International Shipping Conference
- 1700, 1709.
- International Statistical Congress, Brussels
- 959, 1147.
- International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, INTELSAT
- 2641.
- International Telecommunication Union
- 1698.
- International Telegraphic Union
- 959.
- International Telephone and Telegraph
- 3512.
- International Union of American Republics
- 1699.
- International Whaling Commission
- 2642, 2676, 2689.
- International Wool Textile Organization
- 1700.
- International Workingmen's Associations
- 959, 959.
- Interpartidária, Uruguay
- 3532.
- Interprovincial Conference, Canada
- 1635.
- interstate commerce
- 1596.
- Interstate Commerce Act, U.S.
- 1602, 1614.
- Interstate Commerce Commission, ICC
- 1602, 2191, 2204, 2205, 3400, 3406.
- Interstate Highway Act, U.S.
- 3401.
- Intifada
- 3861.
- Intrigues of the Warring States
- 139.
- Inuits
- 13, 53, 769, 3458, 3463.
- Inukai Tsuyoshi, Japanese leader
- 2511, 2512.
- Invergordon
- 1847.
- Inyati
- 1546, 1546.
- Iona
- 421, 424, 424, 425.
- Ionia
- 114, 114, 115, 124, 170, 173, 175, 175, 177, 177, 177, 177, 177, 180, 186, 186, 187, 187, 189, 190, 198, 199, 199, 206.
- Ionian Islands
- 168, 507, 611, 745, 1032, 1278.
- Ionian Sea
- 168, 508, 607, 793.
- Ionic architecture
- 176, 239.
- Iorga, Nicholas, Romanian leader
- 2180, 2180.
- Iowa
- 1596.
- Ipek, taken by Austrians
- 1744.
- Iphicrates, Athenian commander
- 200.
- Ipil, Philippines
- 4294.
- IRA
- See Irish Republican Army (IRA).
- Irala, Domingo de, Spanish explorer
- 900, 900, 900.
- Iran
- 36, 36, 42, 48, 86, 117, 119, 120, 123, 129, 129, 130, 158, 207, 207, 209, 271, 271, 272, 275, 285, 285, 285, 287, 287, 288, 288, 289, 291, 291, 292, 292, 293, 293, 295, 297, 298, 298, 299, 299, 300, 300, 300, 300, 301, 301, 301, 301, 302, 302, 302, 302, 303, 304, 305, 305, 305, 305, 306, 306, 306, 307, 307, 307, 307, 307, 307, 308, 308, 308, 308, 308, 315, 316, 323, 575, 578, 579, 791, 791, 792, 794, 795, 795, 797, 797, 798, 799, 806, 807, 807, 807, 807, 809, 812, 812, 812, 812, 813, 813, 813, 814, 814, 814, 815, 815, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 816, 817, 817, 817, 817, 817, 817, 817, 819, 819, 819, 819, 819, 821, 953, 1327, 1346, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1349, 1350, 1350, 1350, 1350, 1350, 1350, 1351, 1351, 1351, 1351, 1351, 1351, 1351, 1351, 1352, 1352, 1352, 1353, 1353, 1353, 1354, 1703, 1703, 2317, 2331, 2333, 2334, 2334, 2334, 2335, 2335, 2336, 2345, 2346, 2636, 2637, 2638, 2640, 2640, 2644, 2644, 2646, 2651, 2654, 2675, 2676, 2678, 2679, 2684, 2685, 2764, 2764, 2766, 2766, 2865, 2882, 3003, 3308, 3366, 3426, 3606, 3768, 3768, 3770, 3771, 3771, 3775, 3778, 3778, 3780, 3781, 3782, 3784, 3786, 3813, 3813, 3814, 3814, 3822, 3825, 3826, 3827, 3828, 3828, 3829, 3830, 3830, 3830, 3833, 3834, 3835, 3835, 3846, 3850, 3881, 3883, 3885, 3889, 3889, 3897, 3897; makeup, 301, 305, 2335, 3817; treaty with the Ottoman Empire, 801, 815; under shah Isma‘il, 812, 812; under the Safavid dynasty, 812; wars with the Ottoman Empire, 813, 1328; treaty with France, 816; and Ottoman Empire, 1333; wars with Russia, 1349; British invasion, 1350; and Afghanistan, 1354, 1354; and Arabia, 1360; WWI, 1748, 1750, 1750, 1752, 1752, 1753, 2334; civil service code, 2337; postal service, 2337; Arab tribes, 2338; names, 2338; calendar, 2338; commercial code, 2338; modernization, 2339; WWII, 2339, 2344, 2344, 2592, 2593, 2596, 2613, 2613, 2613, 2615, 2615; economy, 2339, 2339; law, 2340, 2344; clothing, 2340; oil industry, 2341; taxation, 2342; name change from Persia, 2343; and U.S., 3428, 3433, 3433, 3821, 3825, 3827; cost of Iran-Iraq War, 3778; and Russia, 3814, 3827; White Revolution, 3817, 3817, 3817, 3817, 3817, 3818; Islamic Revolution, 3820, 3821, 3826; Islamic Republic, 3821, 3821, 3821, 3822, 3826. See Anglo-Iranian relations; Persia; Turkish-Iranian relations.
- Iran-Contra Affair
- 3428.
- Iranian-Soviet Treaty
- 2336.
- Iran-Iraq Wars
- 2638, 2679, 2683, 2684, 3768, 3775, 3778, 3782, 3874, 3880, 3882, 3883, 3884, 3898.
- Iran Khodro
- 2640.
- Iraq
- 36, 36, 285, 285, 286, 287, 287, 287, 287, 288, 288, 289, 289, 289, 290, 290, 291, 291, 292, 292, 293, 296, 296, 297, 297, 298, 299, 299, 300, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 305, 305, 306, 306, 307, 307, 307, 307, 308, 308, 317, 317, 323, 343, 792, 792, 793, 794, 794, 800, 804, 805, 812, 812, 812, 812, 815, 821, 821, 839, 1333, 1337, 1349, 1350, 1358, 1706, 1717, 2328, 2333, 2395, 2398, 2399, 2399, 2400, 2400, 2400, 2400, 2401, 2402, 2404, 2405, 2405, 2405, 2405, 2406, 2406, 2410, 2413, 2636, 2638, 2641, 2654, 2679, 2686, 2687, 2801, 2879, 3428, 3606, 3768, 3769, 3769, 3770, 3771, 3771, 3771, 3771, 3771, 3772, 3775, 3778, 3778, 3780, 3780, 3782, 3782, 3782, 3783, 3783, 3784, 3801, 3801, 3818, 3826, 3841, 3843, 3874, 3875, 3878, 3878, 3878, 3878, 3879, 3880, 3880, 3881, 3883, 3883, 3884, 3884, 3884, 3884, 3885, 3885, 3885, 3885, 3886, 3886, 3886, 3886, 3887, 3887, 3887, 3887, 3888, 3896, 3899, 3900, 4118, 4406; and Ottoman Empire, 1331; makeup, 2399, 3880; and Great Britain, 2399, 2400, 2406, 3878; end of British mandate, 2403; WWII, 2591, 2591, 2592, 2612, 2614; and U.S., 3428, 3432, 3435, 3438, 3885, 3885, 3886, 3887, 3887, 3887, 3887; invasion of Kuwait, 3768; cost of Iran-Iraq War, 3778; Revolution, 3879; military expansion, 3880; planned economy, 3882; and Russia, 3883.
- Iraqi
- 2638; Revolution, 3879.
- Iraqi Kurdish Front
- 3885.
- Iraq Petroleum Company
- 1717, 2402, 3878, 3883.
- Ireland
- 5, 110, 281, 406, 416, 421, 422, 425, 425, 425, 425, 425, 425, 425, 425, 425, 426, 426, 444, 444, 445, 448, 464, 519, 585, 587, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 620, 668, 668, 671, 674, 674, 677, 678, 686, 691, 693, 693, 693, 693, 693, 694, 694, 694, 695, 695, 695, 695, 695, 695, 695, 695, 695, 696, 696, 697, 698, 698, 698, 699, 699, 699, 699, 700, 700, 700, 700, 700, 700, 700, 701, 701, 701, 702, 702, 999, 1004, 1048, 1049, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1051, 1052, 1159, 1162, 1162, 1162, 1164, 1164, 1164, 1165, 1165, 1166, 1166, 1167, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1169, 1169, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1170, 1487, 1563, 1563, 1630, 1839, 1858, 1858, 1859, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1863, 1864, 1864, 1864, 1866, 1868, 1871, 1876, 1877, 1878, 2676, 2728, 2733, 2736, 2745, 2750, 2756, 2781, 2799, 2806, 2808, 2809, 2811, 2814, 2815, 2825, 2833, 2836, 2885, 2910, 2951, 3039, 3082; rebellion of 1597, 589; 1800–1914, 1164; immigration to the U.S., 1582; WWI, 1741, 1796; and Great Britain, 1839, 1852, 1874; censorship, 1858; Irish Republic, 1859, 2815; Irish Nationalists, 1860, 1860; Irish Free State, 1863, 1864, 1864, 1865, 1865, 1866, 1869, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1875, 1875, 1877, 1877, 2229; Gaelic revival, 1878; WWII, 1878; Republic, 2804, 2806, 2806, 2807, 2807, 2808, 2809, 2809, 2809, 2810, 2810, 2811, 2811, 2811, 2811, 2811.
- Irenaeus
- 259.
- Irene, empress of Byzantium
- 433, 433.
- Irene, mother of Constantine VI
- 432, 433, 433.
- Irene, wife of Philip of Swabia
- 506.
- Irgun, Zionist group
- 2392, 3769.
- Irigoyen, Alvaro Arzú, Guatemalan leader
- 3658, 3658.
- Irish Brigade
- 660, 1165.
- Irish Channel
- 421.
- Irish Church
- 444.
- Irish Church Act, England
- 1051, 1168.
- Irish Constabulary Act
- 1051.
- Irish Free State, IFS
- 1868, 1868, 1875, 1876.
- Irish Local Government Act, England
- 1170.
- Irish National Association
- 1168.
- Irish nationalists
- 1157.
- Irish Parliamentary Party
- 1170, 1170.
- Irish Poor Law
- 1051.
- Irish Republican Army (IRA)
- 1867, 1872, 1875, 1878, 1879, 2639, 2786, 2787, 2790, 2793, 2796, 2797, 2798, 2800, 2803, 2809, 2810, 2811, 2811, 2812, 2813, 2814, 2814, 2814, 2815, 2816, 2816, 2816, 2817, 2817, 3432.
- Irish Republican Brotherhood, IRB
- 1168, 1169, 1169; and Easter Rebellion, 1858.
- Irishtown
- 1169.
- Irish Trades Union Congress
- 1170.
- Irish Transport and General Workers' Union
- 1880.
- Irish Transport Worker's Union
- 1170.
- Irish Volunteers
- 1867.
- Irish Women's Suffrage Federation
- 1170.
- Iriyan Jaya
- See Dutch New Guinea.
- Irkutsk
- 2067, 2490.
- iron
- 343, 343, 345, 345, 345, 345, 347, 347, 363.
- Iron Age
- 14, 174, 345, 345, 345, 348, 348, 349, 363, 363, 364, 364, 365.
- Iron and Steel Bill, Great Britain
- 2762.
- ironclad ships
- 1587, 1587.
- Iron Curtain
- 2637.
- Iron Guard, Fascist
- 1704, 2182, 2182, 2182, 2183, 2183, 2183, 2184, 2185, 2185.
- Ironmasters' Association, Sweden
- 763.
- Ironsides, army of Oliver Cromwell
- 592, 592, 592, 593.
- ironworking
- 46, 46, 51, 443, 956, 1562, 1575.
- Iroquois Indians
- 932, 935, 939, 939, 940, 940, 2210.
- Irrawaddy River
- 137, 341, 844, 845, 1402.
- irredentist movement
- 1111, 1219.
- Irregular Marriages Act, England
- 687.
- irrigation
- 62, 63, 65, 91, 92.
- Irun
- 1929.
- Irving, Washington, writer
- 1563, 1566.
- Iryn, historian
- 382.
- Isa, Ottoman leader
- 312.
- Isa, sheik of Bahrain
- 2410.
- Isaac
- 104.
- Isaac I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor
- 499, 499.
- Isaac II Angelus, Byzantine emperor
- 496, 496, 503, 503, 503, 503, 504, 506, 507.
- Isaacs, George, British leader
- 2760.
- Isabella, daughter of Manoel I
- 605.
- Isabella, town
- 572.
- Isabella I, queen of Castile
- 281, 525, 525, 525, 525, 525, 529, 572, 572, 595, 601, 601, 601, 601, 602, 909.
- Isabella II, queen of Spain
- 1045, 1062, 1062, 1062, 1062, 1063, 1199, 1199, 1200, 1203.
- Isabella of Angoulême, wife of John Lackland
- 445.
- Isabella of Aragon, wife of Philip III of France
- 451, 479.
- Isabella of Naples, wife of Gian Galeazzo Sforza
- 537.
- Isabelle, wife of Gian Galeazzo Visconti
- 537.
- Isabelle, wife of Richard II of England
- 514.
- Isabelle of Bavaria, wife of Charles VI of France
- 522, 522, 522.
- Isabelle of France, wife of Edward II of England
- 512, 512, 512.
- Isagoras, Athenian leader
- 187, 187.
- Isaiah, Hebrew prophet
- 105.
- Isa ibn-Sulman al-Khalifah, sheik of Bahrain
- 3785, 3899.
- Isandlwana, battle of
- 1555.
- Isansa, king of Bunyoro
- 884.
- Isaq
- 4400, 4400.
- Isauria
- 269, 270, 431.
- Ischia
- 182, 184.
- Ise Bay
- 163.
- Isère
- 2867.
- Isfahan
- 287, 297, 301, 813, 814, 814, 814, 815, 816, 816, 816, 819, 1350, 1352, 1352.
- Ishbaal, king of Israel
- 104, 104.
- Ishbi-Erra, king of Isin
- 84, 85.
- Ishbi-Erra of Ur
- 122.
- Ishibashi Tanzan, Japanese leader
- 4232.
- Ishiwara Kanji
- 2511.
- Ishiyama honganji monastery, Osaka
- 857.
- Ishme-Dagan, king of Assyria
- 85, 85.
- Ishpuini, king of Urartu
- 118.
- Isidorean Decretals
- 466.
- Isidore of Kiev, religious scholar
- 531.
- Isidore of Seville, Latin encyclopedist
- 418.
- Isidoros of Miletus, architect
- 427.
- Isin dynasty
- 84, 85, 85, 85, 85, 86.
- Iskandar Beg Munshi, Islamic historian
- 815.
- Iskandarov, Akbarsho, Tajik leader
- 3374.
- Iskander Muda, sultan of Aceh
- 837.
- Iskenderun, Alexandretta
- 2333.
- Islah Party, Spanish Morocco
- 3919.
- Islam
- 45, 131, 276, 279, 279, 279, 281, 283, 285, 285, 285, 286, 286, 287, 288, 288, 288, 288, 293, 294, 297, 300, 306, 306, 307, 331, 334, 419, 419, 473, 575, 579, 580, 580, 584, 791, 791, 792, 797, 801, 803, 807, 807, 810, 812, 816, 820, 820, 823, 823, 826, 830, 830, 830, 830, 833, 834, 834, 835, 837, 837, 840, 867, 869, 869, 870, 870, 871, 871, 871, 872, 877, 879, 1327, 1327, 1332, 1339, 1346, 1348, 1351, 1351, 1356, 1372, 1383, 1384, 1389, 1389, 1390, 1390, 1391, 1391, 1391, 1402, 1414, 1414, 1506, 1510, 1510, 1510, 1519, 1535, 1748, 2356, 2413, 2456, 2644, 2671, 2696, 2756, 3782, 3785, 3800, 3934, 3946, 4324, 4373; Africa, 44, 343, 343, 343, 343, 344, 344, 344, 344, 344, 346, 347, 347, 350, 351, 351, 352, 353, 353, 354, 354, 355, 355, 355, 356, 356, 357, 357, 360, 360, 360, 362, 879, 880, 880, 881, 882, 1506, 1528, 1536, 2554; beginnings, 276, 285, 285, 286, 286, 286, 286, 286, 286, 286, 286, 286, 287, 287, 287; postclassical period, 279, 285; expansionism, 281, 281, 281, 281, 285, 287, 287, 287, 288; Kharijis, 288; Umayyad period, 289, 289, 289, 289, 289, 290, 290, 290, 290, 291, 291; Abbasid period, 292, 292, 292, 292, 292, 293, 293, 293, 293, 294, 294, 294, 294, 294, 295, 296, 296, 296, 297, 298, 317, 317, 319, 319, 319, 321, 321, 321, 321, 321, 322, 322; later postclassical period, 299, 299, 299, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 301, 301, 301, 301, 302, 302, 303, 323; Mongols, 305, 305, 306; Ottomans, 309; Ottoman Empire, 309, 310, 1334, 1342, 2319; Mamluks, 320; Tunisia, 323, 2426; South Asia, 324; India, 325, 325, 331, 331, 331, 333, 335, 335, 335; Ghazni, 325; Southeast Asia, 339, 339, 339, 837, 839, 839, 841, 843, 867; Mediterranean, 400; Maluku, 843; Iran, 1352, 1353, 2340, 2340, 2341, 2675; Afghanistan, 1355, 1356, 2347, 2349; Egypt, 1372, 1372, 1374, 2357, 2359, 2364, 2365, 3907, 3910, 3911, 3916, 3916, 3917; Algeria, 1383, 1384, 1384, 3937, 3937, 3937, 3938; reform movements, 1414, 2423; revival movements, 1510; Turkey, 2326, 2331, 3802, 3803; Yemen, 2416, 3895; and Sufism, 2418; Morocco, 2420; Malaya, 2455; Indonesia, 2456, 2456; Dagestan, 3370; Tajikistan, 3376, 3376; Uzbekistan, 3389; Iraq, 3882; Saudi Arabia, 3889; South Yemen, 3894; banking, 3910, 3910; fundamentalists, 3924; Pakistan, 3951, 3990, 4008, 4009, 4012; Bangladesh, 4020; Malaysia, 4113; Brunei, 4118; Guinea, 4348; Mauritania, 4364; Sudan, 4391, 4404, 4404, 4405. See Muslims.
- Islamabad
- 3987, 4013.
- Islamic Conference Organization, ICO
- 2667, 2677, 2680, 3774.
- Islamic Development Bank
- 3771.
- Islamic Group, Egypt
- 3917.
- Islamic Republican Party, Iran
- 3820, 3822, 3825.
- Islamic Revolutionary Council
- 3821.
- Islamic Salvation Front, FIS
- 3934, 3934, 3935, 3935, 3936.
- Islamic summit conference
- 2671.
- Islamic Union
- 1414.
- Islay
- 424.
- Isle of Pheasants
- 604.
- Isle of Wight
- 593.
- Isly, battle of
- 1376.
- Isma'il, Safavid leader
- 308, 308, 308, 1369.
- Isma’il, khedive of Egypt
- 1109, 1369, 1369, 1370, 1370, 1371, 1372, 1372, 1372, 1372.
- Isma’il, shah of Iran
- 792, 812, 812, 812, 812, 812, 812, 812.
- Isma’il, son of Ja'far al-Sadiq
- 293, 296, 297.
- Isma’il I, shah of Persia
- 575, 813, 815.
- Isma’il II, shah of Iran
- 813, 813.
- Isma`il, Abd al-Fattah, Yemenite leader
- 3894, 3894, 3895.
- Isma‘il ibn Abd al-Jalil, governor of Mosul
- 806.
- Ismailis
- 3961.
- Isma’ili Shi’ism
- 297, 297, 301, 302, 302, 317, 318.
- Ismailiyya
- 2359.
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