h. Scandinavia

V. The Modern Period, 1789–1914> A. Global and Comparative Dimensions> 4. Polar Explorations> d. 20th-Century Explorations

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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.

d. 20th-Century Explorations
1902–4
ROBERT F. SCOTT led a major Antarctic expedition, accomplishing significant discoveries and a record south.	1
1903–6
Roald Amundsen first sailed the complete Northwest Passage.	2
1907–9
Expeditions by F. A. Cook and Robert E. Peary each claimed to have reached the NORTH POLE, although it is possible that neither actually accomplished this.	3
1907–9
Ernest Shackleton led an Antarctic expedition that surpassed Scott's records and reached the south magnetic pole.	4
1910–12
ROALD AMUNDSEN discovered the South Pole, on which he placed the Norwegian flag in 1911.	5
1910–13
Scott's last expedition reached the South Pole in 1912, but the whole party died in a blizzard.	6
1917
Danish–U.S. treaty strengthened Danish claims to Greenland by ceding Virgin Islands to the United States in settlement of U.S. claims resulting from Peary's expeditions.	7
1918–25
Amundsen and H. Sverdrup navigated the Northeast Passage and spent an extended period in planned drift over the North Pole.	8
1924
Greenland became a Danish crown colony following Danish agreements with Norway and Great Britain.	9
1925
Spitsbergen came under the sovereignty of Norway.	10
1926
Richard Byrd and Floyd Bennett were the first to fly over the North Pole.	11

The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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