Section 22.1. Sharing Information in Windows

22.1. Sharing Information in Windows

Every application has its own strengths and weaknesses. For example, Word provides the best tools for formatting long reports , while Excel shines when crunching numbers and charting trends. PowerPoint creates slick slideshows, while Access lets you store and search vast interrelated tables of information. Software developers realized long ago that no one could create a single application that was perfectly suited for every type of document.

However, it's not always realistic to separate different types of data. People need ways to integrate the strengths of all their favorite programs. For example, you might want to put an Excel chart in the middle of a Word document (or even attach a Word memo to the end of an Excel worksheet). To build this type of compound document, you need to rely on both Word and Excel. Fortunately, the programmers who built Windows had this type of data linking and sharing in mind from the very beginning, and they integrated it right into the fabric of your favorite operating system.

Before you attempt any of these maneuvers, it helps to understand that you can transfer information between two programs in two different ways:

• Embedding and linking objects . Essentially, embedding and linking let you put a document from one application inside a document from another application. The trick is that even when you combine these two documents, they both remain in their original format. For example, if you embed an Excel table in a Word document, you can still use Excel to edit the embedded table. Embedding and linking is the Windows way to share data. Furthermore, if you use linking, you can refresh the copied information based on changes you make to the original source.

• Importing and exporting data . Importing and exporting are more traditional ways of sharing data, but they still make good sense in a lot of situations (for example, when the application you're looking to work with is not part of Microsoft's Office suite). When you import or export data, you convert a document written in one application to a format understood by another application. In some cases, one application may understand another's format well enough that no real conversion is required. In other cases, the process of importing data changes the data's structure, removes its formatting, or even strips away some information.

So which approach is best? Embedding and linking is the way to go if your goal is to combine your data from two different programs into one document (for example, a report in Word with a chart in Excel). Even though both applications still need to get involved, you can create the illusion that there is only one document. Linking is also the only option if you want to change the original document and have the changes appear automatically in the copy.

Importing and exporting makes sense when you need to process the information contained in one application with the tools provided by another application. For example, if you have a table of information in a Word document that you want to analyze using Excel, you'll probably want to convert this table to Excel's format. If you simply embed the table inside a worksheet, you can see the data, but you can't manipulate it with formulas, charting, and other Excel features.

In this chapter, you'll consider both these approaches. First, you'll tackle embedding and linking.