Appendix B. CSS Properties and Values


B. CSS Properties and Values

This book does not cover every single property defined in the Cascading Style Sheets Level 1 and Level 2 specifications. Instead, I focus on those properties that are supported by at least one browser.

The table in this chapter is designed to be a quick reference to each of the properties and its allowed values. I have also indicated each property's default or initial value, the elements to which it may be applied, whether or not the property is inherited, and what percentages refer to if they may be used. Finally, I have referenced the page number in the book where the property or value is discussed.

The table is derived from the complete specifications at http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/propidx.html and is copyright © World Wide Web Consortium, (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Keio University). All Rights Reserved.

Many of the properties accept a length, percentage, or color for values. For more details on entering values, see A Property's Value on page 124.

I hope you will find it useful.

CSS Properties and Values

Property/Values

Description and Notes

background

any combination of the values for background-attachment, background-color, background-image, background-repeat, and/or background-position, or inherit

for changing the background color and image of elements (pp. 172, 240)

initial value depends on individual properties; not inherited; percentages allowed for background-position

background-attachment

either scroll, fixed, or inherit

for determining if and how background images should scroll (p. 172)

initial value: scroll; not inherited

background-color

either a color, TRansparent, or inherit

for setting just the background color of an element (pp. 172, 240)

initial value: transparent; not inherited

background-image

either a URL, none, or inherit

for setting just the background image of an element (pp. 172, 240)

initial value: none; not inherited

background-position

either one or two percentages or lengths (or one percentage and one length) or one of top, center, or bottom and/or one of left, center, or right. Or use inherit.

for setting the physical position of a specified background image (p. 172)

initial value: 0% 0%, if a single percentage is set, it is used for the horizontal position and the initial value of the vertical is set to 50%, if only one keyword is used, the initial value of the other is center; applies to block-level and replaced elements: not inherited; percentages refer to the size of the box itself

background-repeat

one of repeat, repeat-x, repeat-y, no-repeat, or inherit

for determining how and if background images should be tiled (p. 172)

initial value: repeat; not inherited

border

any combination of the values of border-width, border-style, and/or a color, or inherit

for defining all aspects of a border on all sides of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value depends on individual properties; not inherited

border-color

from one to four colors, transparent, or inherit

for setting only the color of the border on one or more sides of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value: the element's color property; not inherited

border-spacing

either one or two lengths or inherit

for specifying the amount of space between borders in a table (p. 242)

initial value: 0; may be applied only to table elements; inherited

border-style

one to four of the following values: none, dotted, dashed, solid, double, groove, ridge, inset, outset, inherit

for setting only the style of a border on one or more sides of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value: none; not inherited

border-top, border-right, border-bottom, border-left

any combination of a single value each for border-width, border-style, and/or a color, or use inherit.

for defining all three border properties at once on only one side of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value depends on individual values; not inherited

border-top-color, border-right-color, border-bottom-color, border-left-color

one color or inherit

for defining just the border's color on only one side of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value: the value of the color property; not inherited

border-top-style, border-right-style, border-bottom-style, border-left-style

one of none, dotted, dashed, solid, double, groove, ridge, inset, outset, or inherit

for defining just the border's style on only one side of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value: none; not inherited

border-top-width, border-right-width, border-bottom-width, border-left-width

one of thin, medium, thick or a length

for defining just the border's width on only one side of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value: medium; not inherited

border-width

one to four of the following values: thin, medium, thick or a length

for defining the border's width on one or more sides of an element (pp. 184, 230)

initial value: medium; not inherited

bottom

either a percentage, length, auto, or inherit

for setting the distance that an element should be offset from its parent element's bottom edge (pp. 179, 178, 180)

initial value: auto; not inherited; percentages refer to height of containing block

clear

one of none, left, right, both, or inherit

inherit

for keeping elements from floating on one or both sides of an element (p. 182)

initial value: none; may only be applied to block-level elements; not inherited

clip

one of auto, rect, or inherit

for displaying only a portion of an element (p. 191)

initial value: auto, applies only to absolutely positioned elements

color

a color or inherit

for setting the foreground color of an element (p. 160)

initial value: parent's color, some colors are set by browser; inherited

cursor

one of auto, crosshair, default, pointer, progress, move, e-resize, ne-resize, nw-resize, n-resize, se-resize, sw-resize, s-resize, w-resize, text, wait, help, a URL, or inherit

for setting the cursor's shape (p. 186)

initial value: auto; inherited

display

one of inline, block, list-item, none, inherit

for determining how and if an element should be displayed (pp. 190, 193, 194, 196, 205)

initial value: inline; not inherited

float

one of left, right, none, inherit

for determining on which side of an element other elements are permitted to float (pp. 181, 235)

initial value: none; may not be applied to positioned elements or generated content; not inherited

font

if desired, any combination of the values for font-style, font-variant and font-weight followed by the required font-size, an optional value for line-height and the also required font-family, or use inherit

for setting at least the font family and size, and optionally the style, variant, weight, and line-height of text (p. 159)

initial value depends on individual properties; inherited; percentages allowed for values of font-size and line-height

font-family

one or more quotation mark-enclosed font names followed by an optional generic font name, or use inherit

for choosing the font family for text (p. 152)

initial value: depends on browser; inherited

font-size

an absolute size, a relative size, a length, a percentage, or inherit

for setting the size of text (p. 156)

initial value: medium; the computed value is inherited; percentages refer to parent element's font size

font-style

either normal, italic, oblique, or inherit

for making text italic (p. 154)

initial value: normal; inherited

font-variant

either normal, small-caps, or inherit

for setting text in small caps (p. 167)

initial value: normal; inherited

font-weight

either normal, bold, bolder, lighter, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, or inherit

for applying, removing, and adjusting bold formatting (p. 155)

initial value: normal; the numeric values are considered keywords and not integers (you can't choose 150, for example); inherited

height

either a length, percentage, auto, or inherit

for setting the height of an element (p. 174)

initial value: auto; may be applied to all elements except non-replaced inline elements, table columns, and column groups; not inherited

left

either a length, percentage, auto, or inherit

for setting the distance that an element should be offset from its parent element's left edge (pp. 179, 180, 178)

initial value: auto; may only be applied to positioned elements; not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

letter-spacing

either normal, a length, or inherit

for setting the amount of space between letters (p. 162)

initial value: normal; inherited

line-height

either normal, a number, a length, a percentage, or inherit

for setting the amount of space between lines of text (p. 158)

initial value: normal; inherited; percentages refer to the font size of the element itself

list-style

any combination of the values for list-style-type, list-style-position and/or list-style-image, or use inherit

for setting a list's marker (regular or custom) and its position (p. 222)

initial value depends on initial values of individual elements; may only be applied to list elements; inherited

list-style-image

either a URL, none, or inherit

for designating a custom marker for a list (p. 220)

initial value: none; may only be applied to list elements; overrides list-style-type; inherited

list-style-position

either inside, outside, or inherit

for determining the position of a list's marker (p. 221)

initial value: outside; may only be applied to list elements; inherited

list-style-type

either disc, circle, square, decimal, lower-roman, upper-roman, lower-alpha, upper-alpha, none, or inherit

for setting a list's marker (p. 218)

initial value: disc; may only be applied to list elements; not used if list-style-type is valid; inherited

margin

one to four of the following: length, percentage, or auto, or inherit

for setting the amount of space between one or more sides of an element's border and its parent element (pp. 176, 208, 211, 234)

initial value depends on browser and on value of width; not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

margin-top, margin-right, margin-bottom, margin-left

either a length, percentage, auto, or inherit

for setting the amount of space between only one side of an element's border and its parent element (p. 176)

initial value: 0; not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block; the values for margin-right and margin-left may be overridden if sum of width, margin-right, and margin-left are larger than parent element's containing block

max-height, max-width

either a length, percentage, none, or inherit

for setting the maximum height and/or width of an element, respectively (p. 174)

initial value: none; may not be applied to non-replaced inline elements or table elements; not inherited; percentages refer to height/width of containing block

min-height, min-width

either a length, percentage, or inherit

for setting the minimum height and/or width of an element, respectively (p. 174)

initial value: 0; may not be applied to non-replaced inline elements or table elements; not inherited; percentages refer to height/width of containing block

orphans

either an integer or inherit

for specifying how many lines of an element may appear alone at the bottom of a page (p. 214)

initial value: 2; may only be applied to block-level elements; inherited

overflow

either visible, hidden, scroll, auto, or inherit

for determining where extra content should go if it does not fit in the element's content area (p. 187)

initial value: visible; may only be applied to block-level and replaced elements; not inherited

padding

one to four lengths or percentages, or inherit

for specifying the distance between one or more sides of an element's content area and its border (p. 177)

initial value depends on browser: not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

padding-top, padding-right, padding-bottom, padding-left

either a length, percentage, or inherit

for specifying the distance between one side of an element's content area and its border (p. 177)

initial value: 0; not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

page-break-after, page-break-before

either always, avoid, auto, right, left, or inherit

for specifying when page breaks should or should not occur (p. 212)

initial value: auto; may only be applied to block-level elements; not inherited

page-break-inside

either avoid, auto, or inherit

for keeping page breaks from dividing an element across pages (p. 212)

initial value: auto; may only be applied to block-level elements; inherited

position

either static, relative, absolute, fixed, or inherit

for determining how an element should be positioned with respect to the document's flow (pp. 179, 178, 180)

initial value: static; may not be applied to generated content; not inherited

right

either a length, percentage, auto, or inherit

for setting the distance that an element should be offset from its parent element's right edge (pp. 179, 178, 180)

initial value: auto; may only be applied to positioned elements; not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

table-layout

one of fixed, auto, or inherit

for choosing the algorithm that should be used to determine the widths of cells (p. 252)

initial value: auto; not inherited

text-align

one of left, right, center, justify, a string, or inherit

for aligning text (p. 165)

initial value depends on browser and writing direction; may only be applied to block-level elements; inherited

text-decoration

any combination of underline, overline, line-through, and blink, or none or inherit

for decorating text (mostly with lines) (p. 168)

initial value: none; not inherited

text-indent

either a length, percentage, or inherit

for setting the amount of space the first line of a paragraph should be indented (p. 163)

initial value: 0; may only be applied to block-level elements; inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

text-transform

either capitalize, uppercase, lowercase, none, or inherit

for setting the capitalization of an element's text (p. 166)

initial value: none; inherited

top

either a length, percentage, auto, or inherit

for setting the distance that an element should be offset from its parent element's top edge (pp. 179, 178, 180)

initial value: auto; may only be applied to positioned elements; not inherited; percentages refer to height of containing block

vertical-align

either baseline, sub, super, top, text-top, middle, bottom, text-bottom, a percentage, a length, or inherit

for aligning elements vertically (pp. 188, 238)

initial value: baseline; may only be applied to inline-level and table cell elements; not inherited; percentages refer to the element's line-height property

visibility

either visible, hidden, collapse, or inherit

for hiding elements without taking them out of the document's flow (p. 190)

initial value: inherit, which rather makes the fact that it's not inherited a moot point

white-space

either normal, pre, nowrap, pre-wrap, pre-lined, or inherit

for specifying how white space should be treated (p. 164)

initial value: normal; may only be applied to block-level elements; inherited

widows

either an integer or inherit

for specifying how many lines of an element may appear alone at the top of a page (p. 214)

initial value: 2; may only be applied to block-level elements; inherited

width

either a length, percentage, auto, or inherit

for setting the width of an element (pp. 174, 232)

initial value: auto; may not be applied to non-replaced inline elements, table rows, or row groups; not inherited; percentages refer to width of containing block

word-spacing

either normal, a length, or inherit

for setting the distance between words (p. 162)

initial value: normal; inherited

z-index

either auto, an integer, or inherit

for setting the depth of an element with respect to overlapping elements (p. 183)

initial value: auto; may only be applied to positioned elements; not inherited





HTML, XHTML, & CSS(c) Visual QuickStart Guide
HTML, XHTML, and CSS, Sixth Edition
ISBN: 0321430840
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2004
Pages: 340

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