Internationalizing the wroxapp Application | Professional Jakarta Struts (Programmer to Programmer)

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Now that we have seen the components involved in internationalizing a Struts application, we can apply them to our wroxapp application. In this section, we take you through the step-by-step process for internationalizing a Struts Web application. Each of these steps is described below:

Create the resource bundles that will contain the key/value pairs used in your application. For our application, we have two properties files that contain our resource bundles. These properties files appear in Listings 9.1 and 9.2.

Listing 9.1: The Italian ApplicationResources_it_IT.properties file.
```
 app.symbol=Simbolo app.price=Prezzo Corrente 
```
Listing 9.2: The English ApplicationResources_en_US.properties file.
```
 app.symbol=Symbol app.price=Current Price 
```
Copy these properties files to the <CATALINA_HOME>/webapps/wroxapp/ WEB-INF/classes/ directory.
Add an ActionServlet <init-param> sub-element, naming the ApplicationResources, to the web.xml file, as shown in the following snippet:
```
 <init-param>   <param-name>application</param-name>   <param-value>ApplicationResources</param-value> </init-param> 
```

Add a <taglib> entry describing the bean tag library to the application's web.xml file, as shown in Listing 9.3.

Listing 9.3: The modified web.xml file.

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE web-app   PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"   "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_3.dtd"> <web-app>   <!-- Standard ActionServlet Configuration -->   <servlet>     <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>     <servlet-class>       org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet     </servlet-class>     <init-param>       <param-name>config</param-name>       <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>     </init-param>     <init-param>       <param-name>application</param-name>       <param-value>ApplicationResources</param-value>     </init-param>     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>   </servlet>   <!-- Standard ActionServlet Mapping -->   <servlet-mapping>     <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>     <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>   </servlet-mapping>   <!-- Standard Welcome File List -->   <welcome-file-list>     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>   </welcome-file-list>   <!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptors -->   <taglib>     <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-uri>     <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>   </taglib>   <taglib>     <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-uri>     <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>   </taglib> </web-app>

Make sure that you are using the <load-on-startup> element when describing the ActionServlet. This ensures that all of the key/value pairs are loaded prior to any requests.

Modify your JSP files to include a taglib directive referencing the bean tag library and replace all text strings presented to the user with matching <bean:message /> tags. Listings 9.4 and 9.5 show our modified JSPs. Notice that all of the former static strings have been placed in the properties files, listed earlier, and are now referenced using a <bean:message /> tag with the appropriate key.

Listing 9.4: The internationalized index.jsp.

 <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %> <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <html>   <head>     <title>Wrox Struts Application</title>   </head>   <body>     <table width="500"       border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td height="68" width="48%">           <div align="left">             <img src="/books/2/574/1/html/2/images/wxmainlogowhitespace.gif">           </div>         </td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>     </table>     <html:form action="Lookup">       <table width="45%" border="0">         <tr>           <td><bean:message key="app.symbol" />:</td>           <td><html: text property="symbol" /></td>         </tr>         <tr>           <td colspan="2" align="center"><html:submit /></td>         </tr>       </table>     </html:form>   </body> </html>

Listing 9.5: The internationalized quote.jsp.

 <%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %> <html>   <head>     <title>Wrox Struts Application</title>   </head>   <body>     <table width="500"       border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td height="68" width="48%">           <div align="left">             <img src="/books/2/574/1/html/2/images/wxmainlogowhitespace.gif">           </div>         </td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td>           <bean:message key="app.price" />:             <%= request.getAttribute("PRICE") %>         </td>       </tr>       <tr>         <td>&nbsp;</td>       </tr>     </table>   </body> </html>

That's all there is to it. To see these changes take effect, restart Tomcat and open the following URL:

http://localhost:8080/wroxapp/

You should see results that look exactly like your previous encounters with the wroxapp application, except that now all user-presented strings are retrieved from the ApplicationResources.properties file that matched the requesting client's Locale.

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