References

1. Bashshur, R.L., Telemedicine and the health care system, in Telemedicine: Theory and Practice, Bashshur, R.L., Sanders, J.H., and Shannon, G.W., Eds., Charles C Thomas, Springfield, IL, 1977.

2. Darkins, A.W. and Cary, M.A., Telemedicine and Telehealth: Principles, Policies, Performance, and Pitfalls, Springer, New York, 2000.

3. Lin, J.C., Applying telecommunication technology to health-care delivery, IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., 18 (4), 28, 1999.

4. Craig, J., Introduction, in Introduction to Telemedicine, Wootton, R. and Craig, J., Eds., Royal Society of Medicine Press, Glasgow, 1999.

5. Huang, H.K, PACS: Basic Principles and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999.

6. United Nations, World Population Ageing: 1950–2050, United Nations Publications, New York, 2001.

7. United Nations, The World Aging Situation: Strategies and Policies, United Nations Publication, New York, 1985.

8. Kart, C.S., Metress, E.K., and Metress, S.P., Human Aging and Chronic Disease, Jones and Bartlett, London, 1992.

9. Timiras, P.S., Ed., Physiological Basis of Aging and Geriatrics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994.

10. Sosa-Iudicissa, M., Wootton, R., and Ferrer-Roca, O., History of telemedicine, in Handbook of Telemedicine, Ferrer-Roca, O. and Sosa-Iudicissa, M., Eds., IOS Press, Amsterdam, 1988.

11. Field, M.J., Telemedicine: A Guide to Assessing Telecommunications in Health Care, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1996.

12. Holland, J.J., Classic episodes in telemedicine: treatment by telegraph, J. Telemed. Telecare, 3 (4), 223, 1997.

13. Kenny, E., Classic episodes in telemedicine: diagnosis by telegraph, J. Telemed. Telecare, 4 (4), 223, 1998.

14. McKinney, W.P. and Bunton, G., Exploring the medical applications of the Internet: a guide for beginning users, Am. J. Med. Sci., 306 (3), 141, 1993.

15. Fisk, N.M. et al., Intercontinental fetal surgical consultation with image transmission via Internet, Lancet, 341, 1601, 1993.

16. Yamamoto, L.G. et al., Telemedicine using the Internet, Am. J. Emerg. Med., 14 (4), 416, 1996.

17. Yamamoto, L.G. and Suh, P.J., Accessing and using the Internet's World Wide Web for emergency physicians, Am. J. Emerg. Med., 14 (3), 302, 1996.

18. Della Mea, V., Internet electronic mail: a tool for low-cost telemedicine, J. Telemed. Telecare, 5 (2), 84, 1999.

19. Magrabi, F. et al., Web based longitudinal ECG monitoring, in Proc. 20th Ann. Int. Conf. IEEE EMBS, Chang, H.K. and Zhang, Y.T., Eds., Hong Kong, 20 (3), 1155, 1998.

20. Park, S. et al., Real-time monitoring of patients on remote sites, in Proc. 20th Ann. Int. Conf. IEEE EMBS, Chang, H.K. and Zhang, Y.T., Eds., Hong Kong, 20 (3), 1321, 1998.

21. Kong, K.Y., Ng, C.Y., and Ong, K., Web-based monitoring of real-time ECG data, Comput. Cardiol., 27, 189, 2000.

22. Pollard, J.K., Rohman, S. and Fry, M.E., A Web-based mobile medical monitoring system, in International Workshop on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications, Foros, 32, 2001.

23. Bai, J. et al., A portable ECG and blood pressure telemonitoring system, IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., 18 (4), 63, 1999.

24. Yamamoto, L.G., Wireless teleradiology and fax using cellular phones and notebook PCs for instant access to consultants, Am. J. Emerg. Med., 13 (2), 184, 1995.

25. Yamamoto, L.G., Instant pocket wireless telemedicine consultations, Pediatrics, 104 (3), 670, 1999.

26. Yamamoto, L.G. and Williams, D.R., A demonstration of instant pocket wireless CT teleradiology to facilitate stat neurosurgical consultation and future telemedicine implications, Am. J. Emerg. Med., 18 (4), 423, 2000.

27. Yamamoto, L.G. and Shirai, L.K., Instant telemedicine ECG consultation with cardiologists using pocket wireless computers, Am. J. Emerg. Med., 19 (3), 248, 2001.

28. Giovas, P. et al., Transmission of electrocardiograms from a moving ambulance, J. Telemed. Telecare, 4 (1), 5, 1998.

29. Curry, G.R. and Harrop, N., The Lancashire telemedicine ambulance, J. Telemed. Telecare, 4 (4), 231, 1998.

30. Pavlopoulos, S. et al., A novel emergency telemedicine system based on wireless communication technology — AMBULANCE, IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed., 2 (4), 261, 1998.

31. Reponen, J. et al., Digital wireless radiology consultations with a portable computer, J. Telemed. Telecare, 4 (4), 201, 1998.

32. Reponen, J. et al., Initial experience with a wireless personal digital assistant as a teleradiology terminal for reporting emergency computerized tomography scans, J. Telemed. Telecare, 6 (1), 45, 2000.

33. Karlsten, R. and Sj qvist, B.A., Telemedicine and decision support in emergency ambulances in Uppsala, J. Telemed. Telecare, 6 (1), 2000.

34. Zahedi, E. et al., Design of a Web-based wireless mobile teleconsultation system with a remote control camera, in Proc. 22nd Ann. IEEE EMBS Int. Conf., Enderle, J.D., Ed., Chicago, 2000.

35. Firoozbakhsh, B. et al., Wireless communication of vital signs using the Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard, in 2000 IEEE Int. Conf. on Multimedia and Expo, 3, 1253, 2000.

36. Pedersen, P.C. et al., Low cost wireless LAN based medical informatics system, in Proc. 1st Joint BMES/EMBS Conf., Blanchard, S.M. et al., Eds., Atlanta, 1225, 1999.

37. Groves, T., Sate1Life: getting relevant information to the developing world, Br. Med. J., 313 (7072), 1606, 1996.

38. Hwang, S. et al., Development of a Web-based picture archiving and communication system using satellite data communication, J. Telemed. Telecare, 6 (2), 91, 2000.

39. Coiera, E., Guide to Medical Informatics, the Internet and Telemedicine, Chapman & Hall, London, 1997.

40. Hung, K. and Zhang, Y.T., On the feasibility of the usage of WAP devices in telemedicine, in Proc. 2000 IEEE EMBS Int. Conf. on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, Laxminarayan, S., Ed., Arlington, VA, 2000.

41. Hung, K., Zhang, Y.T., Web-based telemedicine applications, in Ann. Conf. of Eng. and the Physical Sci. in Med. and Asia Pacific Conf. on Biomed. Eng., Fremantle, 2001.

42. Mann, S., Programming applications with the Wireless Application Protocol: the complete developer's guide, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999.

43. Arehart, C., et al., Professional WAP, Wrox Press, Birmingham, 2000, 34.

44. World Health Organization, Death by cause, sex and mortality stratum in WHO Regions, estimates for 1999.

45. Rohde, M.M., Bement, S.L. and Lupa, R.S., ECG boy: low-cost medical instrumentation using mass-produced, handheld entertainment computers, Biomed. Inst. Tech., 32 (5), 1998, 497.

46. Cozens, S. and Wainwright, P., Beginning Perl, Wrox Press, Birmingham, 2000.

47. DuBois, P., MySQL, New Riders, Indianapolis, 2000.

48. Elmasri, R. and Navathe, S.B., Fundamentals of Database Systems, Benjamin/Cummings, Redwood City, CA, 1994.

49. Webster, J.G., Medical Instrumentation: Application and Design, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1998.

50. Kenedi, R.M., A Textbook of Biomedical Engineering, Blackie & Son, East Kilbride, 1980.

51. Friesen, G.M. et al., A comparison of the noise sensitivity of nine QRS detection algorithms, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 37 (1), 85, 1990.

52. Leung, S.W., Wireless electrode for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, M.Phil. thesis, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.

53. Santic, A., Theory and application of diffuse infrared biotelemetry, CRC Crit. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 18 (4), 289, 1991.

54. Yang, B., Rhee, S., and Asada, H.H, A Twenty-four hour tele-nursing system using a ring sensor, in Proc. 1998 IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation, Leuven, Belgium, 387, 1988.

55. Berggren, M., Wireless communication in telemedicine using Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b, Master's thesis, Dept. of Computer Systems, Uppsala University, 2001.

56. Ortivus, http://www.ortivus.com

57. Blair, J.S., Overview of Standards Related to the Emerging Health Care Information Infrastructure, in The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, 2nd ed., Bronzino, J.D., Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2000.