Buliding N1 Grid Solutions Preparing, Architecting, and Implementing Service-Centric Data Centers
Authors: Carolan J. Radeztsky S. Strong P.
Published year: 2003
Pages: 18-19/144
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Technology Problems

Today's data centers are very complex and difficult to manage. It is hard to reconcile the value they deliver with what they cost and equally hard to deliver strategic business agility. Typically, when a large set of data center owners or managers are asked what their data center's problems are, they list the same small set of problems:

  • Total cost of ownership (TCO) is too high.

    This usually refers to acquisition cost or an aggregate roll-up TCO, including technology costs, operational costs, and business costs. At the time of this writing, cost reduction is by far the highest priority.

  • Utilization is low.

    Utilization of IT resources is often well below 25 percent to 30 percent.

  • It is too complex.

    There are simply too many things to manage and too many relationships and interdependencies between those things.

  • It is fragile.

    If someone touches something, it breaks.

  • It is not dynamic enough.

    Services cannot be brought to the market fast enough, or IT cannot respond fast enough to changes in use or load.

These problems are interrelated. Poor utilization means a poor return on investment and increased cost. This is not only reflected in having to acquire more servers, storage, and networking equipment, but is also reflected in the ongoing costs of managing them, cooling them, and powering them. Complexity not only drives up the cost of management, but also results in fragility, which in turn drives controlling strategies involving static environments. These static environments hinder business agility and reduce utilization by preventing effective resource sharing.

These complex interrelationships make it unlikely that any of these problems can be effectively solved in isolation. Nonetheless, to deliver business success, these problems must be solved , and their root causes must be addressed while maintaining acceptable and predictable service levels.


The Evolution of Enterprise Computing

Analyzing how today's data center evolved provides some clues as to how these problems came about. The data center is at the heart of enterprise computing, and it is the evolution of enterprise computing that defines today's data center. The history of enterprise computing can be viewed from two perspectives:

  • That of the applications or services delivered to the business

  • That of the infrastructure on which those services run

Applications, now generally thought of as services , have evolved to deliver greater and greater value, changing from simple stand-alone batch workloads, to interactive terminal sessions, to client-server applications, and finally to web services. As they have evolved, their implementation has grown ever more complex. But, at the same time, they have evolved from being a simple tool or mechanism to being the core of the business itself as more and more business process is realized within these services. The infrastructure on which these services run has evolved in a similar fashion. It has evolved from relatively simple monolithic computers or mainframes; to minicomputers; to networks of servers and desktop clients ; to a complex web of interconnected networks, servers, storage, mainframes, desktops, and client devices.

However, there is one big difference between the two parallel and interrelated evolutions. The evolution of the service has been typified by the use of abstraction in which complexity within an implementation is hidden by new layers of software. The leap from programming in hexadecimal or assembly language to building Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE platform)-based web services using service-oriented architectures is a huge leap in terms of developer productivity, flexibility, and value delivered. These services now mirror the business itself.

The underlying platform on which these services are deployed has likewise grown in complexity, not only in terms of the variety and sheer number of computers, networks, and storage devices, but also in the many ways in which these devices can be connected or combined. Having a hundred or more servers to manage does not mean a hundred times increase in complexity. It might mean a thousand- or ten thousand-fold increase.

Today, most data centers are still focused on individually managing these low-level components (that is, servers, disk arrays, and network switches). This approach simply does not scale. It is this lack of abstraction in managing data center infrastructure that lies at the core of today's data center problems.

Buliding N1 Grid Solutions Preparing, Architecting, and Implementing Service-Centric Data Centers
Authors: Carolan J. Radeztsky S. Strong P.
Published year: 2003
Pages: 18-19/144
Buy this book on amazon.com >>