- named pipe
-
A pipe between unrelated processes; a synonym for FIFO.
- network byte order
-
A standard byte order for numbers of at least 2 bytes to be transferred across a network; the big endian byte order is used as the network byte order.
- new or new[]
-
A C++ operator providing an interface to the process memory manager, in some ways similar to malloc() but in many other ways quite different; used to allocate dynamic arrays. In particular, it can be overloaded to provide a custom-made or debugging version, and errors can be handled through exceptions.
- NULL
-
A special C constant, defined in stdio.h as '\0' (or , or (void*) ), that can be used as the null value for pointers.
- null pointer
-
A pointer with value 0 or an address of 0 that is interpreted as "no address".
- object
-
A complex data structure together with methods (functions) that can manipulate the data contained in the object.
- object code
-
The contents of an object file; in essence, a program translated to machine instructions including the binary code for data.
- object file
-
A synonym for object module.
- object module
-
A binary file containing essentially the binary code for machine instructions and the data of a program.
- one-dimensional array
-
A synonym for static one-dimensional array.
- operating system memory manager
-
The top-level memory manager that allocates large blocks of memory to individual process memory managers (it also serves other purposes for the operating system).
- operator[]
-
An indexing operator that can be overloaded (redefined) for any class defined in C++.
- operator=
-
Predefined C++ operator known as assignment ; by default, it uses memberwise copy.
- orphaned allocation
-
A problem that arises when the address of an allocated segment is not preserved for later deallocation.
- overflow
-
Generally , when a binary code to be stored at some location is longer than the memory space reserved for it; in a narrower interpretation, a result of an arithmetic operation that is too big for the size of the result's data type.
- overloading
-
Using the same name for operations on different data types.
- padding
-
"Junk" space attached to some items in a structure in order to facilitate easy memory access based on machine-word boundaries.
- parameter(of a function)
-
A synonym for function argument.
- parent process
-
A process that creates another process - it is the parent of the newly created process.
- passing by address
-
A synonym for passing by reference .
- passing by location
-
A synonym for passing by reference .
- passing by reference
-
A method in which - instead of values of the arguments - their references (in C/C++, a pointer) are passed.
- passing by value
-
A method in which the values (copies) of arguments are passed to the function.
- physical address
-
The address of a byte in the physical memory.
- pipe
-
A memory-implemented special file for data exchange between related processes.
- placement syntax
-
A special syntax for memory operators that enables the use of additional arguments.
- placement- delete
-
A user -defined " counterpart " to placement- new ; used for overloading of delete or delete[] .
- placement- new
-
An overload of new or new[] ; most often used to build objects in memory obtained by other means (and hence without allocation).
- pointer
-
A value or a variable with two attributes: (i) an address and (ii) a data type of what should be found at that address.
- pointer arithmetic
-
A way of moving pointers left or right in discrete " jumps " according to their data types.
- pointer dereferencing
-
Referencing the "virtual object" to which a pointer points (
See also indirection operator *.
- polymorphism
-
A synonym for overloading.
- pop
-
An operation on stack : the item on the top is removed.
- preprocessing directives
-
A command in C or C++ that is not a part of the program to be compiled; destined for the preprocessor of the compiler, its goal is to modify the source code before it is actually compiled. Most preprocessing directives start with # .
- preprocessor
-
Part of the compiler that scans the source file prior to compilation and modifies it according to preprocessing directives embedded in the program; in essence, it works as a sophisticated text replacement facility.
- private
-
A designation of class members that are not generally accessible and whose properties are noninheritable.
- procedure
-
A term reserved for a module that does not return a value; in C/C++, it is assumed that every module returns a value (even if it does not) and thus the term function is always used.
- process
-
A program in execution.
- process image
-
Image of the address space of the program running as the process.
- process memory manager
-
A program that: keeps track of dynamically allocated and deallocated memory in terms of the process with which it is associated; serves the allocation and deallocation requests of this process; and (if it runs out of memory to allocate) requests a large block of free memory from the operating system memory manager.
- process system stack
-
A dynamic stack, unique to the running process, that is used for saving the context of a function (procedure) when calling another function (procedure) and for returning a value by the called function.
- program memory manager
-
A synonym for process memory manager.
- program system stack
-
A synonym for process system stack.
- protected
-
A designation of class members that are not generally accessible but whose properties are inheritable.
- pthread_create()
-
A POSIX system call to initiate a new thread.
- pthread_exit()
-
A POSIX system call to terminate the running thread.
- pthread_join()
-
A POSIX system call to wait for a thread.
- pthread_self()
-
A POSIX system call to obtain the thread ID.
- public
-
A designation of class members that are generally accessible.
- push
-
An operation on stack : a new item is placed on the top.
- putenv()
-
A UNIX system call to define a new environment variable or to change its value.