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NDC (normalized device coordinates), 99
negate modifier
for pixel shaders, 356-357
for vertex shaders, 270-271
negation, 270-271, 356
negative color values, 30
nesting, not allowed for loops, 235
night vision effect, 30
No-Operation. See nop instruction
non-orthogonal transformation matrices, vertex shader for, 105-106
Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering Conference (NPAR), 81
nonconductive (dielectric) medium, Fresnel equations for, 64
nonphotorealistic rendering (NPR), 81-87
nonstandard vertex format, indicating, 125
nonuniform scalings, in the world/model matrix, 104
nop (no operation) instruction, 254, 317
normal 2 vector component, FVF vertex shader register mapping order, 199
normal map texture, 184
normal transform, 150-151
normal transformations, using m3x3 during lighting calculations, 239
normal vector component, FVF vertex shader register mapping order, 199
normal vectors
calculating, 20-21
transforming, 102-106, 350
normalized vectors, 14-15
normalized view vector, placing in r2, 152-153
normalizing, all elements of a register, 254-255
normals
calculating for individual vertices, 21-22
using cross products to create, 20-22
notation, for this book, 10
NPR (nonphotorealistic rendering), 81-87
nrm (normalize) macro, 254-255, 318-319
null instruction. See nop (no operation) instruction
NVIDIA
developer site, 144
Effects Browser, 140, 141
session on hardware programming, 146
Shader Debugger, 140-141, 142
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