Page #171 (Appendix G vi QUICK REFERENCE) | Illustrated Unix System V/Bsd

Table of Contents

Index

! escape to shell, ed , 156

! escape to shell, ex , 180

! escape to shell, pg , 419

! ignore unsaved modification, ex , 172

! logical NOT, find , 237

! logical NOT, let/@ , 298

! logical NOT, nawk , 46

! negation, let/@ , 298

! negation, nawk , 40

! negation, test , 543

! variable, last background process, 399

!! repeat last escape to shell, ex , 172

!= not equal to, arithmetic, 40

!= not equal to, arithmetic, let/@ , 298

!= not equal to, string, 40

!~ no existence of string, @ , 299

!~ nonmatch string operator, 39

" reference register, vi , 606

"..." constants, 41

"..." quoting, 288

# alternate buffer, vi , 598

# alternate filename, ex , 172

# nawk comment, 41

# sed script comment, 482

# shell comment, 286

# shortest left substring, ksh , 405

# variable, number of parameters, 399

## longest left substring, ksh , 405

$ default primary ksh prompt, 401

$ last line, ed , 156

$ last line, ex , 171

$ last line, sed , 477

$ last mail message, 345

$ RE, end of line, 461

$ variable, process ID of script, 399

$! process ID of last background job, 614

$() command substitution, 286, 287

$? return code variable, 100

% buffer addresses 1,$, ex , 171

% current buffer, vi , 598

% current filename, ed , 156

% current filename, ex , 172

% last replacement RE, 155

% match {}, (), ex , 189

% match {}, (), vi , 603

% modulus , expr , 204

% modulus, let/@ , 298

% remainder, expr , 204

% shortest right substring, ksh , 405

%% current job, 59, 221

%% longest right substring, ksh , 405

%+ current job, 59, 221

%- previous job, 59, 221

%= modulus assignment, 45

%? match job name , 59, 221

%job job name, 59, 221, 270

& background operator, 285

& bitwise AND, let/@ , 299

& last RE, 155, 466

& non-NULL or nonzero, expr , 205

& repeat last editor command, 156

& repeat last ex command, vi , 609

&& logical AND operator, ksh , 285, 435

&& logical AND, let/@ , 299

&& logical AND, nawk , 40, 46

previous current line, ex , 171

previous current line, vi , 602

... absolute quoting, 288

x jump to mark, ex , 171

x jump to mark, vi , 602

(()) arithmetic evaluation, ksh , 297

() group operators, 40, 298, 544

() RE, group REs, 465

() subshell operators, 285

(), show matching, ex , 189

* all mail messages, 345

* multipy, expr , 204

* multipy, let/@ , 298

* RE, zero or more, 461

* variable, all ksh parameters, 399

*= multiplication assignment, 45

+ addition, expr , 204

+ addition, let/@ , 298

+ next line, ex , 171

+ RE, match one or more, 461, 465

++ increment operator, 46

+= addition assignment, 45

, buffer addresses 1,., ed , 156

, buffer addresses 1,., ex , 171

, repeat last F/T search, vi , 601

- previous line, ex , 171

- subtraction, expr , 205

- subtraction, let/@ , 298

- unary minus, let/@ , 298

- variable, current options, 399

-- decrement operator, 46

-= subtraction assignment, 45

. current directory, 11, 369

. current line, ed , 156

. current line, ex , 171

. current mail message, 345

. RE, single character, 461

. repeat last command, vi , 609

. source script, ksh , 290

.. parent directory, 11, 369

.= current line number, ex , 174, 185

. cshrc file, 260, 292, 352, 518, 626

.exrc file, 190

.exrc , ex init file, 187

. kshrc file, 260, 352, 401, 403

.login file, 260, 292, 295, 352, 571

.mailrc file, 353

.plan file, 239

.profile file, 260, 283, 295, 352, 358, 403, 507, 518, 571

.project file, 239

/ (root directory), 24

/ divide, expr , 204

/ division, let/@ , 298

// RE, null or empty, repeat, 465, 601

// repeat search, ex , 171

// repeat search, vi , 601

/= division assignment, 45

/ RE / match RE operator, 39

/ RE / search for RE, ed , 153

/ RE / search for RE, ex , 171

/ RE / search for RE, vi , 601

: buffer addresses 1,$, ed , 156

: ex prompt, 188

: matching operator, expr , 203

: null command, ksh , 290

: temporary ex mode, vi , 603, 171

: true statement, 566

; command separator, ex , 172, 186

; empty statment, 52

; repeat last f/t search, vi , 601

; sequential execution operator, 284

< buffer addresses 1,., ed , 156

< deindent operator, vi , 592, 604, 605

< input redirection, 266

< less than, arithmetic, let/@ , 298

< less than, arithmetic, nawk , 39

< less than, expr , 205

< less than, string, nawk , 39

< read input variable, csh , 400, 487

< &fd read from file descriptor, 266

< &p read from pipe, 267

<< bit shift left, let/@ , 298

<<- here document, ksh , 266

<= less than or equal to, arithmetic, let/@ , 298

<= less than or equal to, arithmetic, nawk , 40

<= less than or equal to, expr , 205

<= less than or equal to, string, nawk , 40

= assignment, let/@ , 299

= current line number, ed , 156

= equal to, expr , 205

= pathname listing, fc , 215

= total lines, ex , 186

== equal to, arithmetic, let/@ , 298

== equal to, arithmetic, nawk , 40

== equal to, string, nawk , 40

=~ existence of string, @ , 299

> buffer addresses 1,$, ed , 156

> default secondary ksh prompt, 401

> greater than, arithmetic, let/@ , 298

> greater than, arithmetic, nawk , 39

> greater than, expr , 205

> greater than, string, nawk , 39

> indent operator, vi , 592, 604, 605

> output redirection, 14, 49, 266

> ! force overwriting of file, csh , 266

> & write standard error, csh , 267

> &fd write to file descriptor, 266

>= greater than or equal to, arithmetic, let/@ , 298

>= greater than or equal to, arithmetic, nawk , 40

>= greater than or equal to, expr , 205

>= greater than or equal to, string, nawk , 40

>> append output redirection, 49, 266

>> bit shift right, let/@ , 298

> force overwriting of file, ksh , 266

? RE, match zero or more, 461, 465

? variable, existence test, csh , 399, 405

? variable, last exit status, ksh , 399

?: conditional expression, 46

?? repeat search, ex , 171

?? repeat search, vi , 601

?RE? search backward for RE, ex , 171

?RE? search backward for RE, vi , 601

@@ alias expansion, fc , 215

@@ arithmetic evaluation, csh , 297

@@ at the baud rate of, test , 570

@@ invoke vi macro, 608

@@ variable, all ksh parameters, 399

@@@ repeat vi macro, 608

[ test command, 541

[...] RE, character class, 461, 462

[^...] RE, not in character class, 463

\ escape special character meaning, 288, 461, 462, 467

\ filename completion, fc , 215

\ pathname completion, fc , 215

$...$ RE, group REs, 464

\0dd ASCII character in octal , 467

\b backspace , 467

\c literl character c, 467

\E turn off \U or \L, ex , 184, 466

\e turn off \U or \L, ex , 184, 466

\f form feed, 467

\l convert to lowercase, ex , 184, 466

\L convert word to lowercase, ex , 184, 466

\n carriage return, 467

\r new-line, 467

\t tab, 467

\u convert to uppercase, ex , 184, 466

\U convert word to uppercase, ex , 184, 466

\{\} RE, occurrences of pattern, 464

^ bitwise XOR, let/@ , 299

^ first mail message, 345

^ RE, beginning of line, 461

_ variable, last positional parameter, 399

˜... ˜ command substitution, 286

˜x jump to mark, ex , 171

˜x jump to mark, vi , 601

˜ ˜ previous current line, ex , 171

˜ ˜ previous current line, vi , 602

{} group statement, nawk , 51

{} group statement, sed , 482

{} grouping keywords, ksh , 285

{} show matching, ex , 189

bitwise OR, let/@ , 299

command separator, ex , 172, 186

non-NULL or non-zero , expr , 205

pipe creating operator, ksh/csh , 284

print output to command, nawk , 50

RE, either or, 461, 465

& write standard error on pipe, csh , 267

logical OR operator, ksh , 285, 435

logical OR, let/@ , 299

logical OR, nawk , 40, 46

~ bitwise negation, let/@ , 298

~ directory substitution, 72, 286

~ invert character case, vi , 605, 609

~ last replacement string, ex , 184, 466

~ match string operator, 39

~+ absolute path, PATH , 286, 491

abbreviations, vi , 608

absolute addressing, pg , 417

absolute file permission modes, 80

absolute path, 71

access control, tty, 368

access permission, crontab, 113

access to history file, 211, 261, 289

access to vi , 170

access, system, 310

accessing registers, vi , 598, 606

account defaults, 5

account setup, 5

account, login to new, 518

accounting records, 547

accounting variable, 401

action, 36

add directory to stack, 454

address process is waiting on, 449

addresse units, vi , 592, 597

addressing, ed , 150

addressing, ex , 171

addressing, sed , 477

adjusting screen, vi , 602

aging, password, 409

alias , 29

alias expansion, fc , 215

alias group, mail, 340, 346

alias, filenames, 307

alias, preset, 31

alias, tracked, 31 256, 485

aliases, display value of, 622

all mail messages, 345

all values of array, ksh , 404

allow messages to tty, 367

alter CPU priority, 385

alternate buffer, vi , 598

alternate flow control, 435

anchoring regular expressions, 463

AND operator, binary, test , 543

append command, ed , 152

append command, ex , 175

append command, sed , 479

append command, vi , 604

append mode, ed , 152

append mode, ex , 175

append mode, vi , 604

append next line, sed , 480

append to hold space, sed , 480

append to registers, vi , 598

appending lines, diff , 136

apropos command, 33

archive files, 105

arctangent function, atan2 , 47

ARGC variable, 41

argument list, ex , 186

arguments, keyword, 485

arguments, parse, 247

arguments, process, 247

arguments, resetting shell, 485

arguments, setting shell, 485

argv variable, 400

ARGV variable, 41

arithmetic assignment operators, 45, 299

arithmetic base variable, 576

arithmetic calculations, 297

arithmetic expressions, 297

arithmetic operators, 204, 297

arithmetic variables , 297

arithmetic, integer, 300

array element, delete function, 47

array elements, ksh , 403

array elements, nawk , 43

array subscripts, ksh , 403-405

array subscripts, nawk , 44

array, ksh , 403

array, nawk , 43

arrays, deleting elements, 45

arrays, looping through, 44

arrays, splitting strings into, 45

ascending sort , 500

ASCII, 13, 67

ASCII codes, 599

ASCII collating sequence, 665

ASCII to EBCDIC, 127

assign attributes to variables, 575

assign input to variables, 458

assign values to variables, 575

assignment operators, arithmetic, 45, 299

assumptions, 5

atan2 , arctangent function, 47

attached process, 270

attributes, file, 79, 236

attributes, terminal, 555, 569

attributes, variable, 400, 575

autoindent option, ex , 187

autoindent, backtab over, vi , 604

autoload command, 401

automatic displaying, 529

automatic editor write(save), 187

automatically export variables, 485

automatically set variables, 399

autoprint option, ex , 187

autowrite option, ex , 187

awk command, 35

awk , see nawk

background command, bg , 59

background editor, ex , 180

background job, wait to finish, 614

background operator, 285

background process, 22, 23, 270, 507

backslash quoting, 288

backspace character, 8

backup file, create, 104

banner command, 55

base number system, 300

basename command, 57

baud rate, 510

beautify option, ex , 187

BEGIN pattern in nawk , 37

beginner mode, ex , 188

bg command, 59

bidirectional conversation, 633

blank interpretation, 287

block count, 521

block input operations, 550

block size , input, 127

block size, output, 127

block special file, 26, 333

boolean operators, nawk , 40

boot, last system, 629

bottom of file, display, 529

Bourne shell, see ksh

BPI rating, 536

branch command, sed , 479

break long lines, 245

break loop statement, 51

break out of loop, 439

break signal, 511

break statement, 439

British spelling, 502

broadcast message, 617

BSD, 2

buffer position, marking ed , 153

buffer position, marking ex , 176

buffer position, marking vi , 602

buffer units, vi , 592, 597

buffer, alternate, vi , 598

buffer, current, vi , 598

buffer, movement, vi , 602

buffer, moving around, vi , 592

buffers vi , 598

build directory, 370

build shell scripts, 432

building block, 21

built-in variables, 41

byte compare files, cmp , 88

byte dump, 392

byte size, 510

byte swapping, cbyte swapping , dd , 127

C programming language, 23

cal command, 61

calculate checksum, 521

calculations, arithmetic, 297

calendar command, cal , 61

calendar command, calendar , 63

calling other users, 531

cancel print request, 65

canned tab stops, 526

capnames, terminal, 555

case statement, 435

cat command, 67

cat packed file, 414

catch signals, 562

cd command, 71

cdpath variable, 402

CDPATH variable, 72, 400

change accounts, 518

change command, ed , 152

change command, ex , 175

change command, sed , 479

change directories, 422, 454

change directory owner, 85

change directory permissions, 79

change directory, cd , 71

change environment, 164, 484, 490, 519

change file owner, 85

change file permissions, 79

change files group ID, chgrp , 76

change group ID, 519

change groups, 380

change operator, vi , 592, 604

change passwd file information field, chfn , 74, 408

change password , 12, 408

change shell options, 486

change text, vi , 605

change user ID, 519

change viewing environment, 418

changing lines, diff , 137

changing password, 12, 408

changing text, ex , 175

character count, 618

character movement, vi , 599

character pitch, 315

character search, vi , 601

character special files, 26, 333

character units, vi , 592, 597

character variables, 41

characters unused, vi , 598

characters, complement, 599

characters, converting to/from lowercase, 126

characters, converting to/from uppercase, 127

characters, create large, 55

characters, delete, 599

characters, formatting, 145

characters, lowercase, 7

characters, map input, 511

characters, map input, vi , 607

characters, nonprintable , 68, 153

characters, replace, 560

characters, translate, 599

characters, uppercase, 7

chdir command, 71

check for mail variable, 401

check for syntax errors, 485

check mail variable, 402

checking, spell, 501

checksum, calculate, 521

chfn command, 74

chmod command, 79

chown command, 85

class, printer, 326

clear command, 87

clear screen, 87, 556

clobber option, ksh , 485

close file descriptor, 195

close standard input, 267

close standard output, 267

closing files, nawk , 51

closing pipes, nawk , 51

cmp command, 88

codes, ASCII, 599

col command, 90

colon command, 290, 566

columns , 35, 121

COLUMNS variable, 214, 331, 372, 400

columns, tty, 514

combine files horizontally, 412

combining files, 15

comm command, 93

command, 12

command being executed, 448

command execution, 99

command format, ex , 174

command format, ksh , 96

command history file, 260

command interpreter, 12

command line arguments, ARGV , 41

command line variable assignment, 42

command line, nawk , 42

command mode, ed , 149

command mode, mail, 345

command mode, vi , 596, 599

command processor, 280

command separator, ex , 172, 186

command separator, shell, 96

command substitution, 286

command syntax (rules), 96

command, alias , 29

command, display path to, 622, 624, 626

command, searching for, 99

command, time to execute, 546, 549

commands, 96

commands, built-in, 100

commands, common, 13

commands, display previous, 262

commands, external, 100, 289

commands, internal, 100, 289

commands, keyword, 98

commands, mail, 346

commands, motion, vi , 592

commands, pipeline, 98

commands, simple, 98

comments, ksh , 286

comments, nawk , 41

comments, sed , 482

common concepts variables, 10

communicate with another user, 531

communicate with users, 18

compare ASCII files, comm , 93

compare ASCII files, diff , 134

compare directory contents, 139

compare expressions, 204

compare files, cmp , 88

compare files, diff , 134

comparison operators, expr , 205

comparison operators, nawk , 39

complement characters, 599

completion, filename, 215

completion, pathname, 215

compound patterns, 40

compress data, 395

compressed print, 315

concatenate files, 67

concatenation regular expressions, 467

conditional commands, 433

conditional expressions, 46, 541

conditional operators, 205

conditional operators, tset , 570

cons of vi , pros and, 593

constants, nawk , 41

context splitting, 118

continue statement, 51, 440

control characters, discard, 187

control characters, display, 595

control characters, insert, vi , 604, 607

control characters, tty, 513, 570

control code sequences, 513, 570

control CPU usage, 385

control modes, tty, 510, 570

control resources, 576

control shell actions, 484

control system access, 310

control terminal attributes, 558, 570

control tty access, 368

control, job, 221, 270, 508

control-flow statements, 434, 435

control-flow statments, nawk , 51

conversation, bidirectional, 531, 633

convert data (EBCDIC/ASCII), 126

convert number to string, 53

convert spaces to tab, 90

convert string to number, 53

convert to lowercase, 511

convert to uppercase, 511

convert type variables, 42

convert variable to lowercase, 576

convert variable to uppercase, 576

convert, carriage return, 510

convert, input characters, 511

copy command, ed , 155

copy command, ex , 175

copy directory structures, 109

copy file descriptor, 195

copy files and directories, 105

copy mail message, 347

copy of terminal session, 474

copying files, 15, 68, 103, 109

copying text, ex , 175

core file, maximum size, 576

correct previous command, 214

correct spelling, 501

correction keys, default, 8

cos , cosine function, 47

cosine function, cos , 47

count characters, 618

count lines, 618

count words, 618

cp command, 103

cpi, characters per inch, 315

cpio command, 105

CPU priority, alter, 385

CPU seconds consumed, 550

CPU time allowed, maximum, 576

CPU utilization, 449

create alias, 256

create archive, 105, 109, 534

create backup file, 104

create calendar, 61

create directories, cpio , 107

create file, 10, 14, 157, 592

create large characters, 55

create multiple files, 505, 592

create password, 408

create shell scripts, 432, 433

create spelling list, 501

create zero byte file, 552

creating directories, 14

creating files, 14, 69

crontab access allowed, 113

crontab access denied , 113

crontab command, 111

crontab file format, 111

crypt command, 115

csh , 2

csh shell, 280

csplit command, 118

Ctrl-Q , stop output, 511

Ctrl-S , start output, 511

Ctrl-Z , suspend character, 186, 523

cumulative system time, 549

cumulative time of process, 449

cumulative user time, 549

current buffer, vi , 598

current directory, 11, 369, 456

current field, NF , nawk , 41

current filename, FILENAME , nawk , 41

current hostname, 263

current mail message, 345

current record, FNR , nawk , 41

current record, NR , nawk , 41

cursor movement, 557

customizing options, ex , 186

cut command, 121

cut operator, vi , 592, 604, 606

cutting text, ex , 176

cutting text, vi , 606

cwd variable, 400

data conversion, 126

data encryption, 115, 148, 168, 589

data security, 115

data segment, maximum size, 576

data space, unshared, 550

data structure, array, 44, 403

data type, 223

data, in columns, 35, 121

data, in rows, 35

data, lines, 35

data, sort, 497

data, typeless, 35

date command, 123

date format, 124

date, display, 123

date, set, 123

dd command, 12

DEAD variable, 354

debug shell scripts, 485, 486

dec mode, tty, 515

decipher, 116

decrease CPU priority, 385

decrement operators, 46

decrypt data, 115, 149, 589

default variable assignment, 403

define variable as function, 576

define variables, 484, 490

defining terminal type, 593

definitions, 635

definitions, input mode motion, vi , 608

definitions, vi , 596

deindent command, ex , 177

deindent operator, vi , 592, 604, 605

deindenting text, ex , 177

deindenting text, vi , 605

delay execution, 495

delete characters, 599, 604, 605

delete command, ed , 152

delete command, ex , 176

delete command, sed , 479

delete command, vi , 605

delete directories, 469, 472

delete duplicate lines, 586

delete files, 569

delete key, 13

delete links, 469

delete operator, vi , 592, 604

delete print jobs, 323

delete , array element function, 47

deleted lines, vi , 595, 605

deleting array elements, 45

deleting files, 15

deleting lines, diff , 136

deleting text, ex , 176

deleting text, vi , 605

delimeter, see separator

delimeters, paragraph, ex , 188

delimeters, sections, ex , 189

delimit options, 247

deny messages to tty, 367

descend directory structure, 234

descending sort, 500

design of vi , 592

destination printer, 314

destroy a file, 67

detached process, 270

determining terminal type, 593

/dev/null, garbage can, 291

/dev/tty terminal device, 573

device driver, set options, 509

device drivers, 26

device independence, UNIX, 24

devices, tape, 536

df command, 130

diagnostic message, ex , 189

dial-up password, 309

dictionary order sort, 498

differences between directories, 139

differences between files, 88, 93, 134

direct terminal I/O, 573

directories, compare, 139

directories, creating, 14

directories, display, 329

directories, limitations, 24

directories, link together, 305

directories, remove, 469, 472

directories, renaming, 15, 377

directories, search for, 234

directory, 24, 333, 369

directory contents, list, 329

directory modes, mask, 582

directory modes, set, 582

directory option, ex , 187

directory owner, chown , 85

directory path, CDPATH , 72

directory permissions, 333

directory permissions, test, 541

directory stack, 142, 421, 454

directory substitution, 286

directory, current, 11, 369

directory, differences, 139

directory, home, 11

directory, make new, 369

directory, max files, 370

directory, new, 369

directory, parent, 11, 369

directory, present, 11, 71, 456

dirname command, 141

dirs command, 142

disable filename generation, 485

disable filename wildcards, 485

disable job monitor, 484

disable option, 486

disable parity checking, 511

disable printer, 327

discard control characters, 187

disconnect login, 309

disk free space, 130

disk space used, 143

disk space, reduce required, 396

display bottom of file, 529

display command, ed , 145

display command, ex , 174

display date, 123

display directories, 329

display duplicate lines, 586

display end of file, 529

display environment, 431

display file automatically, 529

display file contents, 13, 67

display file size, 619

display filenames, 329

display full name, 239

display idle time, 239, 628

display last lines, 529

display line numbers , 68, 387, 425

display logged in users, 588, 628

display login name, 239

display login shell, 239

display login time, 239

display multiple files, 68

display office location, 239

display operating system information, 584

display packed file, 414

display path to command, 622, 624, 626

display pathname only, 141

display phone number, 239

display previous commands, 262

display print queue, 325

display printer forms, 326

display shell environment, 431, 484, 490

display status, vi , 603

display tabs, 188

display terminal device, 573

display terminal name, 239

display time, 123

display top of file, 258, 387

display uniq lines, 586

display variables, 145, 429, 484, 490

display, the vi , 595

displaying control charaters, vi , 595

divert input to file, 539

divide files, 118, 506

do loop statement, 51

documentation, 28

dot command, 290

dot directory, 369

dot dot directory, 369

double digit parameters, 404

double qoutes, 288

dream, 21

dumb terminals, ex , 188

dumb terminals, vi , 595

duplicate lines, delete, 586

duplicate lines, remove, 497

duplicate lines, report, 586

dynamic file growth, 24

D_SPELL variables, 503

EBCDIC to ASCII, 127

echo characters, tty, 512, 570

echo command, 145

echo variable, 402

ed editor, 16, 148

edcompatible option, ex , 187

edit alternate buffer/file, vi , 603

edit command, ed , 152

edit history file, 211, 289

edit mail message, 338, 342

editing commands, diff , 137

editing commands, ed , 152

editing commands, ex , 173

editing commands, sed , 478

editing history file, csh , 217

editing, text, 16

EDITOR variable, 289, 354, 400

editor, full screen, 589

editor, line, 148, 168

editor, stream, 476

editor, visual, 16

effective user name, 632

egrep command, 160

elapsed execution time, 546, 549

electronic post office, 338

elements, array, 43

elif statment, 434

elite pitch, 315

else statment, 434

emacs editing mode, fc , 216

empty file, create, 552

empty regular expressions, 465

empty statment, ; , 52

emulation, software, 594

emulation, terminals, 594

enable job monitor, 484

enable parity checking, 511

enable printer, 327

encrypt data, 115, 148, 168, 589

end of file, display, 529

END pattern in nawk , 38

end-of-file, EOF, 196

enter ex mode from vi , 603

env command, 164

ENV variable, 283, 401

ENVIRON , nawk environment variable, 41

environment, 10, 164, 201, 398, 484, 490, 519

environment space, 201, 490

environment variable, ENVIRON , nawk , 41

environment variables, 398, 484, 490

environment, change viewing, 418

environment, display, 431, 484, 490

environment, initialized , 309

environment, place variables in, 201, 398, 484, 490

environment, print, 431, 484, 490

eof character, tty, 513

EOF, end-of-file, 196

eol character, tty, 514

equality check file, 89

erase character, 8, 512, 514, 570, 604

erase word character, tty, 516

erorrbells option, ex , 187

ERRNO variable, 399

error messages, ex , 189

error messages, vi , 595

error variable, 576

errors, spelling, 501

escape character, 8, 604

escape from insert mode, vi , 604

escape sequences, 145

escape sequences, regular expressions, 466

escape sequences, remove, 90

escape to shell, 156, 180

establish terminal session, 308

/etc/login, 283

/etc/motd file, 519

/etc/profile, 283, 518

/etc/ttytype, 569

eval command, 166

evaluate arithmetic expressions, 297

evaluate conditional expressions, 541

evaluate expressions, 203

evaluate numbers, 541

evaluate strings, 541

event address, 449

event disgnators, csh history, 217

events, history commands, 211

ex editor, 16, 168

ex macros, 185

ex mode, vi , 603

ex read from shell command, 154, 180

ex tags, 184

ex write to shell command, 155, 180

ex/last_line mode, vi , 596

exception search command, ed , 155

exception search command, ex , 182

exchange hold and pattern space, 481

exec command, 194

execute command, time to, 546, 549

execute permission, 83, 333

execute previous command, 219

execute script, 290

execute, directory structure, 234

execution, command, 99

execution, delay, 495

exercises, 645

EXINIT variable, 187, 190

exit code, 100, 196, 208, 566

exit command, 196

exit from function, 442

exit statement, 51

exit status, 100, 196, 208, 566

exp , exponential function, 47

expand command, 199

expand command line, 166

expand filename, 232

expand input characters, 424

expand tabs to spaces, 199

expansion, alias, 215

expansion, filename, 230

expansion, variable, 404

exponential function, exp , 47

export command, 201

export variable, 576

exported variables, 201, 398

expr command, 203

expr?expr:expr , 46

expression comparison, 203

expression evaluation, 203

expression search, regular, 160, 181, 251

expression, parenthesized , 40, 298

expressions, arithmetic, 297

expressions, conditional, 541

expressions, file selecting, 237

extensions, filename, 229

extract archived files, 105, 109

extract files from archive, 534

false command, 208

fc command, 211

FCEDIT variable, 212, 401

features, shell, 280

fg command, 221

fi statement, 434

field separator, 35, 121

field separator, FS , nawk , 41

field separator, sort , 499

field variables, 42

field, key, 273

fields, cut , 121

fields, mail header, 342

fields, nawk , 35

FIFO, see pipes

fignore variable, 402

file attributes, 79

file command, 226

file command, ed , 152

file descriptor, close, 195, 267

file descriptor, copy, 195

file descriptor, open , 195

file descriptor, read from, 266

file descriptor, write to , 266

file descriptors, maximum number of, 576

file formats, 664

file locking, mandatory, 82, 83, 333

file modes, 333

file modes, mask, 582

file modes, set, 582

file naming rules, 230

file owner, chown , 85

file permission modes, chmod , 79

file permissions, 333

file permissions, test, 541

file recovery, ex , 168, 186

file recovery, vi , 594

file search, access time, 234

file search, current directory, 235

file search, current filesystem, 235

file search, file size , 235

file search, file type, 235

file search, filesystem type, 235

file search, group name, 235

file search, inode number, 235

file search, links, 235

file search, local filesystem, 235

file search, match filename, 235

file search, modify time, 235

file search, no group, 235

file search, no user, 235

file search, permissions, 235

file search, status time, 234

file statistics, 236

file system, 24

file system, characteristics, 24

file system, limitations, 24

file system, structure, 24

file type, 235, 332, 333

file, .cshrc , 260, 283, 518, 626

file, .kshrc , 260, 352, 401, 403

file, .login , 260, 283, 295, 352, 518, 571

file, .mailrc , 353

file, .plan , 239

file, .profile , 260, 283, 295, 352, 403, 507, 518, 571, 594

file, .project , 239

file, block special, 333

file, change group ID, chgrp , 76

file, character special, 333

file, command history, 260

file, compress, 395

file, create empty, 552

file, display bottom lines, 529

file, display end of, 529

file, display packed, 414

file, display top lines, 258, 387

file, dividing, 118

file, history, 260

file, maximum size, 576

file, ordinary, 333

file, pack, 395

file, peruse, 372, 416

file, scroll, 373

file, size, 330, 619

file, sort, 497

file, splitting, 118

file, unpack, 395

file, validate contents, 521

file, view, 372, 392, 416

filec variable, 232, 402

filename completion, 232

filename completion variable, 402, 403

filename completion, fc , 215

filename expansion, 230

filename extensions, 229

filename generation, 230

filename generation, disable, 485

filename wildcards, 230

FILENAME , current filename, nawk , 41

filenames, 229

filenames, display, 329

files, archive, 534

files, block special, 26

files, character special, 26

files, combine horizontally, 412

files, combining, 15

files, converting data, 126

files, copying, 15

files, create multiple, 505

files, creating, 14

files, cut columns out, 35, 121

files, cutting, 35, 121

files, deleting, 15

files, displaying, 13, 372, 416, 423

files, divide, 506

files, hard links, 305

files, hidden, 232, 329, 334

files, internal structure, 25

files, joining, 274

files, limitations, 26

files, link together, 305

files, listing, 13

files, locate, 234

files, merge, 425, 497

files, moving, 15, 377

files, moving text between, vi , 606

files, ordinary, 25

files, overwrite, 265

files, paste together, 412

files, problems, 26

files, remove, 469

files, renaming, 15, 377

files, search for, 234

files, selecting columns, 35, 121

files, soft links, 305

files, sort by time, 330

files, special, 26

files, split, 505

files, symbolic links, 305

fill variable with blanks, 575

fill variable with zeros, 576

filter command, ed , 154

filter command, ex , 177

filter operator, vi , 592, 604, 605

filter, terminate, 196

filtering text, ex , 177

filtering text, sed , 476

filtering text, vi , 592, 604, 605

filters, 27

filters, printer, 320

find command, 234

find match {}, (), ex , 189

find match {}, (), vi , 603

finger command, 239

first mail message, 345

flow control, 434

flow control, terminal, 511

flush character, tty, 515

flush input on signal, 512

fmt command, 242

FNR , current record in file, nawk , 41

fold command, 245

fold input lines, 424

fold long lines, 245

folders, mail, 348, 358

fonts, printer, 318

for statement, 52, 436

foreground a job, 221, 270

foreground process, 22, 23, 221, 270

format characters, 145

format files, 423

format text, 242

format within vi , 242

format, commands, 96

format, crontab file, 111

format, date, 124

format, directory listing, 330, 331

format, octal, 392

format, printf , 50

format, tab, 149, 526

format, time, 124, 549

formats, file, 664

formats, printer, 314, 320

forms, printer, 314, 320, 326

FPATH variable, 401

free space, disk, 130

FS , input field separator, nawk , 41

full disks, alleviating, 132

full name, display, 239

full pathnames, 10, 256

full regular expressions, 465

full screen editor, 589

full-screen editing, 170

function directory variable, 401

function, return from, 442

functions, arithmetic, 47

functions, built-in, 46

functions, ksh , 441

functions, nawk , 46

functions, string, 47

functions, user defined, 47

garbage can output, 268

garble terminal screen, 91

GECOS information, 74

generate calendar, 61

generate filenames, 229

generate reports , 35

generate spelling list, 504

getline funtion, nawk , 48

getopts command, 247

getting started, vi , 593

global exception search command, ed , 155

global exception search command, ex , 182

global RE print, 160, 223, 251

global search command, ed , 152

global search command, ex , 181

global substitute, gsub function, 47

global variables, ksh , 201, 398

global variables, nawk , 48

GMT, 123

goto address, vi , 602

GPID, group process ID, 277

grant write permission to tty, 367, 628, 624

grep command, 251

group access permission, 76

group file access permissions, 81

group ID, 264, 380

group ID, change, 519

group login, 380

group name, 264

group operators, () , 40, 298

group process ID, 277

group statement, {} , 51

grouping keywords, 285

grouping regular expressions, 464

groups command, 255

growing file, monitor, 529

gsub , global substitute function, 47

hang up phone, 510

hang-up, no, 390

hardpaths variable, 402

hardtabs , 526

hardtabs option, ex , 187

hardware requirements, 4

hardware tab spacing, 187, 525

hardware type, system, 584

hardware, identify, 336

hash command, 256

hashcheck command, 501

hashmake command, 501

head command, 258

head, page, 424

header line of man page, 620

headers, mail, 342

heterogeneous environment, 432

hexadecimal dump, 392

hidden files, 232, 329, 334

hierarchical file system, 24

histchar variable, 214, 262, 402

HISTFILE variable, 213, 261, 401

history command, 260

history file, 211, 261

history file editor, FCEDIT , 212

history variable, 213, 402

HISTSIZE variable, 213, 261, 401

hold print request, 314

hold space, sed , 480

HOME variable, 261, 353, 401, 402

home variable, 402

homogeneous environment, 432

horizontal movement, vi , 600

hostname command, 263

hostname, dipslay, 263

hostname, set, 263

hung process, 277

hung shell, 290

H_SPELL variables, 503

I/O, 9, 10, 265

I/O streams, 10, 265

I/O, direct terminal, 573

I/O, piping, 10, 265

I/O, read standard input, see reading

I/O, redirection, 10, 14, 194, 265

I/O, standard, 10, 265

I/O, standard error, 10, 265

I/O, standard input, 10, 265

I/O, standard output, 10, 265

id command, 264

identify hardware, 336

identify terminal type, 401, 569, 593

idle time, display, 239, 628

if statement, 52, 434

IFS variable, 287, 401

ignore carriage return, 511

ignore control characters, sort , 498

ignore leading blanks, sort , 499

ignore signals, 562

ignoreeof variable, 402

immune to hang-up, 390

implicit invocation, 284

in-line editor variable, 401

in-line history editing, 214, 289

increase CPU priority, 385

increment operators, 46

indent command, ex , 177

indent operator, vi , 592, 604, 605

indent text, 425, 605

indenting text, ex , 177

indenting text, vi , 592, 604, 605

indention width, ex , 189

index node, 25

index of next option, 248

index string function, nawk , 47

inform users of news, 383

information field, 74

information, pass to child process, 201

information, user, 239

ingorecase option, ex , 187

initial requirements, 4

initialize environment, 309

initialize terminal, 555, 569

inode number, 25

input block size, 127

input characters, map tty, 511

input characters, map, vi , 607

input control, nawk , 48

input field separator, FS , nawk , 41, 48

input mode motion definitions, vi , 608

input mode, ed , 149

input mode, ex , 175

input mode, vi , 596, 604

input modes, tty, 510

input record separator, RS , 42, 48

input, terminal, 268

Input/Output, see I/O

insert command, ed , 153

insert command, ex , 175

insert command, sed , 480

insert command, vi , 604

insert control characters, vi , 604, 607

insert mode, ed , 152

insert mode, escape from vi , 596, 604

insert mode, ex , 175

insert mode, vi , 596, 604

insert, repeat last, vi , 604

inserting text, ex , 175

inserting text, vi , 604

int , integer function, 47

integer arithmetic, 300

integer function, int , 47

integer variable, 576

interactive confirmation, copying files, 103

interactive full screen editor, 589

interactive mode, job, 221, 270

interactive renaming, cpio , 108

interactive, global command, ed , 153

interactive, substitution, ex , 182

interface to ex , 592

interface to shell, 170

interface to vi , 170

interface, hardware, 22

internal field separator, 401

internal, mailx variables, 353

interpret command line, 166

interpretation, variable, 404

interpretive programming language, 35

interpretive programming language, ksh , 280

interpretor, 432

interrupt character, tty, 514, 570

interrupt signal, 510

INTERRUPT, key, 13

invocation, shell, 283

items, news, 383

iteration commands, 436

job command, bg , 59

job control, 23, 221, 270, 508

job monitor, 485

jobs command, 270

join command, 273

join command, ed , 153

join command, ex , 178

join command, vi , 609

join files, 274

join lines, ex , 178

join lines, vi , 609

justification, right margin, 242

kernel, 1, 22

kernel stack size, 450

key field, 273

key, encryption, 115, 148, 152, 155, 168, 589

keyboard, 10

keys, backspace, 8

keys, correction, 8

keys, delete, 13, 595

keys, interrupt, 13, 595

keys, sort, 500

keystrokes, store multiple, 185

keyword commands, 98

keyword parameters, 400, 485

keyword variables, 400, 485

keywords, grouping, 285

kill character, 8, 512, 514, 570, 604

kill command, 276

kill vi session, 595

Korn shell, 280

ksh , 1, 2

ksh shell, 280

ksh , restricted, 284

label, sed , 481

large characters, create, 55

last argument, ksh , 404

last line, vi , 595

last lines, display, 529

last mail message, 345

last system boot, 629

leave command, 295

leave only filename, 406

leave only pathname, 406

left justify variable, 575

left margin justification, 525

left shift parameters, 492

length, page, 424

length, printer page, 314

length , string length function, 47

let command, 297

letters , see characters

limit, core file size, 576

limit, CPU time, 576

limit, data segment size, 576

limit, file descriptors, 576

limit, file size, 576

limit, hard, 576

limit, open files, 576

limit, soft, 576

limit, stack segment, 576

limit, virtual memory size, 576

limits, process, 450

limits, vi , 599

line command, 301

line count, 618

line editor, 168

line movement, vi , 600

line numbering ex , 188

line numbers, display, 68, 387, 425

line pitch, 315

line printer, 316

line units, vi , 592, 597

LINENO variable, 399

lines of data, 35

lines to scroll, ex , 189

LINES variable, 555

lines, fold long, 245

lines, join, ex , 178

lines, join, vi , 609

lines, see records also

link across file systems, 306

link files together, 305

links, hard, 305

links, remove, 469

links, soft, 305

links, symbolic, 305

lisp option, ex , 188

list command, ed , 153

list command, sed , 480

list directory contents, 329

list exported variables, 201

list groups, 255

list mail messages, 345

list option, ex , 188

list pathnames, 215

list user information, 239

LISTER variable, 355

listing files, 13

listusers command, 304

literals, 231

ln command, 305

local modes, tty, 512

local variables, 201, 398

locate a command, 622, 624, 626

locate files, 234

locate path to man page, 624

locate path to source code, 624

lock up terminal, preventing, 227

locking, mandatory file, 82, 83, 333

log , natural logarithm function, 47

logged in users, display, 588, 628

logging in, 7

logging out, 20

logical AND file operator, 237

logical AND operator, ksh , 285, 435

logical NOT file operator, 237

logical operators, nawk , 45

logical OR file operator, 237

logical OR operator, ksh , 285, 435

logical pages, 387

login command, 308

logname command, 312

LOGNAME variable, 312, 401, 628

logout command, 196, 197

looping commands, 436

looping through arrays, 44

loops , redirecting output, 268

lower CPU priority, 385

lowercase characters, 7

lp command, 313

LPDEST variable, 314

lpi, lines per inch, 315

lpq command, 318

lpr command, 320

lprm command, 323

lpsched command, 316

lpstat command, 325

ls command, 329

machid command, 336

machine type, 336

macros within macros, allow, ex , 189

macros, command mode, vi , 607

macros, ex , 185

macros, insert mode, vi , 607

magic characters, see regular expressions

magic file, 226

magic option, ex , 188

magnetic tape device, 536

mail alias group, 340, 346

mail checking variable, 401

mail command, 338

mail command mode, 345

mail commands, 346

mail folder, 348

mail headers, 342

mail message list, 345

mail recipients, 340

mail shell variables, 352

mail tilde escape commands, 342

MAIL variable, 353, 401, 402

mail, edit message, 338, 342

mail, organizing, 358

mail, read message, 338, 341, 344

mail, remote, 357

mail, review message, 338

mail, send message, 338, 341

mail, set variable, 350

mail, store message, 338

MAILCHECK variable, 401

MAILPATH variable, 401

MAILRC variable, 353

mailx command, 338

make directory, 369

man command, 363

man page, header line, 620

man page, locate path to, 624

man pages, 33

man pages, man , 363

mandatory file locking, 82, 83, 333

manipulation, string, 47, 206

manipulation, text, vi , 592, 603

manuals, on-line reference, 363

manuals, see documentation

manuals, see man pages

map command characters, vi , 607

map ESCAPE key, 485

map input characters, 511

map input characters, vi , 607

map uppercase to lowercase, 187

margin justification, left, 525

margin justification, right, 242

mark command, ed , 153

mark command, ex , 176

mark command, vi , 602

markdirs option, 485

marking text, ed , 153

marking text, ex , 176

marking text, vi , 602

mask directory modes, 582

mask file modes, 582

master directory, see root

match beginning of line, 463

match beginning of word, 463

match end of line, 463

match end of word, 463

match occurrences of pattern, 464

match pattern(s), nawk , 36

match string operator, nawk , 39

match {}, (), ex , 189

match {}, (), vi , 603

match , substring match function, 47

matched string length, RLENGTH , 41

matching operator, 203

max files in directory, 370

maximum CPU time allowed, 576

maximum number of file descriptors, 576

maximum real memory used, 550

maximum size core file, 576

maximum size data segment, 576

maximum size file, 576

maximum size stack segment, 576

maximum size virtual memory, 576

MBOX variable, 355

media type, physical, 536

memory address, 448

memory utilization, 449

memory, shared, 550

merge input files, 425, 497

mesg command, 367

mesg option, ex , 188

message to user, write, 633

message, broadcast, 617

messages, allow, ex , 188

metacharacters, ex , 188

metacharacters, ksh , 284

metacharacters, see regular expressions also

mkdir command, 369

mode, file, 333

modes, mask directory, 582

modes, mask file, 582

modes, see permission

modes, set directory, 582

modes, set file, 582

modes, vi , 596

modifiers, csh history, 217

modifiers, variable, 406

modify variable values, 406, 484, 490, 575

modularize , 21

module, type, 2

monitor growing file, 529

monitor, job, 485

more command, 372

MORE variable, 375

motd file, 519

motion commands, vi , 592, 599

move command, ed , 154

move command, ex , 176

move files, 15, 377

movement, vi , 599, 600

moving around buffer, vi , 592

moving text between files, ex , 177

moving text between files, vi , 606

moving text, ex , 176

moving text, vi , 606

MS-DOS to UNIX cross reference, 662

multicolumn output, 412, 423

multidimensional array, 44

multifile viewing, 372, 416

multiple files, combining, 69, 412

multiple files, copying, 69

multiple files, displaying, 68

multiple files, editing, 177

multitasking, 22

multiuser, 22

mv command, 377

name of system, 584

name, group, 255, 264

name, user, 264

named pipe, 333

named register, ex , 176

named registers, vi , 598

named variables, 400

naming rules, file, 230

natural logarithm function, log , 47

nawk , 35

nawk input control, 48

nawk output control, 49

nawk variables, 41

nawk , regular expressions, 38

nawk , select lines, 37

nawk , writing programs, 37

new environment, 164, 519

new-lines, visually diplay, 188

newgrp command, 380

news command, 383

news, for users, 383

NF , current field, 41

nice command, 385

nice value, 448

nightmare, 21

nl command, 387

nobeep variable, 403

noclobber option, ksh , 485

node name of system, 584

noglob variable, 403

nohup command, 390

nonmatch string operator, 39

nonomatch variable, 403

nonprintable characters, 68, 153, 480

notify to leave, 295

notify variable, 403

novice option, ex , 188

NR , current record, 41

null regular expressions, 465

null variable interpretation, 404

number command, ed , 154

number lines, 68, 387

number of arguments, ARGC , 41

number of array elements, ksh , 404

number option, ex , 188

number output lines, 425

number registers, scan, vi , 609

number registers, vi , 597

number to string, convert, 53

numbered variables, 398

numeric comparison tests, test , 543

numeric order sort, 498

numeric variables, nawk , 41, 42

objects, see units also

objects, vi text, 592, 597

octal dump, 392

office location, display, 239

OFMT , output format, nawk , 41

OFS , output field separator, nawk , 41

OLDPWD variable, 399

on-line reference manuals, 363

one dimensional array, ksh , 403

one dimensional array, nawk , 43

open buffer for insert, vi , 604

open file descriptor, 195

open mode, allow, ex , 188

open mode, ex , 170, 171

open option, ex , 188

operating system, 1

operating system information, 584

operator, background, 285

operator, change vi , 592, 604, 605

operator, cut vi , 592, 604, 606

operator, deindent vi , 592, 604, 605

operator, delete vi , 592, 604, 605

operator, filter vi , 592, 604, 605

operator, indent vi , 592, 604, 605

operator, logical AND, 285

operator, logical OR, 285

operator, matching, 203

operator, pipe creating, 284, 285

operator, sequential execution, 284

operator, yank vi , 592, 604, 606

operators, arithmetic assignment, 45, 299

operators, arithmetic, expr , 204

operators, arithmetic, let/@ , 297

operators, chmod , 82

operators, decrement, 46

operators, grouping, 40, 298

operators, increment, 46

operators, logical, 45

operators, relational , 39

operators, string, nawk , 39

operators, string, test , 543

operators, subshell, 285

operators, test, 543

operators, text, vi , 592, 604

operators, tty baud rate, 570

OPTARG variable, 247, 398

optimize option, ex , 188

OPTIND variable, 247, 398

option, (no)clobber, ksh , 485

options, parse, 247

options, printer, 314

options, process, 247

options, resetting shell, 485

options, setting shell, 485

OR operator, binary, 544

ordinary file, 333

ordinary files, see files

organize mail, 358

ORS , output record separator, nawk , 41

other users file access permissions, 81

out of space, 231

output block size, 127

output control, nawk , 49

output field separator, OFS , nawk , 41

output format, OFMT , nawk , 41

output record separator, ORS , nawk , 41

output, terminal, 268

output, unbuffered, 67

overwrite existing files, 104

overwrite files, 265

owner file access permissions, 81

pack command, 395

pack data, 395

packed file, display, 414

page command, 372

page faults, number of, 550

page header, 424

page length, 424

page width, 425

PAGER variable, 354, 356

paragraph delimeters, ex , 188

paragraph movement, vi , 600

paragraph units, vi , 592, 597

paragraphs option, ex , 188

parameters, double digit, 404

parameters, keyword, 400

parameters, positional, 247, 398

parameters, see variables also

parent process ID, 448

parenthesized expression, 40, 298

parity checking, 511

parse positional parameters, 247

pass information to child process, 201

password, 7

password file information field, change, 74

password requirements, 410

password, aging, 409

password, changing, 12, 408

password, dial-up, 309

password, login, 308, 408

password, setting, 12, 408

password, su , 518

paste command, 412

paste files together, 412

pasting text, ex , 177

pasting text, vi , 606

PATH variable, 12, 256, 401, 403, 491

path variable, 403

pathname completion, fc , 215

pathname listing, fc , 215

pathname, display only, 141

pathnames, 10

pattern space, 477

pattern, match, 36

patterns, ranges, 40

pause after each page, 425

pcat command, 414

percentage of CPU utilization, 449

percentage of memory utilization, 449

permission strings, chmod , 82

permission to talk, 531

permission, group access, 76

permission, set execute, 83

permission, set mandatory file locking, 82, 83, 333

permission, set read, 82

permission, set set-group-ID, 82, 83

permission, set set-user-ID, 82, 83

permission, set sticky bit, 82, 83

permission, set write, 83

permission, special modes, 83

permissions file, 333

permissions, test, 541

perusal commands, pg , 417

peruse file, 372, 416

pg command, 416

philosophy, 21

phone number, display, 239

physical media type, 536

pica pitch, 315

PID, process ID, 277, 445

pipe creating operator, 284, 285

pipe mail message, 349

pipe output diversion , 539

pipe, named, 333

pipeline commands, 98

pipes, 26

piping, 10

pitch, printer character, 315

pitch, printer line, 315

popd command, 421

port identification, tty, 570

portability, 22

portability of cpio archives, 107

portable software, 23

positional parameters, 247, 398

positional parameters, setting, 484

positional parameters, sort, 486

post office, electronic, 338

PPID variable, 399

pr command, 423

precede with line numbers, 68, 387, 425

precise regular expressions, 464

predefined tab stops, 525

prefix, remove filename, 57, 406

prefix, remove pathname, 57, 406

present directory, 11, 71, 456

preserve editor buffer, ex , 186

preserved editor file, 168, 594

prevent filename expansion, 406

previous commands, display, 262

previous commands, see history file

print command, 428

print command, ed , 154

print command, sed , 480

print control characters, 68, 153

print control characters, vi , 595

print jobs, 313, 318

print non-ASCII characters, 68, 153, 480, 595

print queue, display, 325

print request cancel , 65

print shell environment, 431, 484, 490

print statement, nawk , 49

print text, 428

print to command, nawk , 50

printenv command, 431

printer class, 326

printer command, cancel , 65

printer fonts, 318

printer formats, 314, 320

printer forms, display, 326

printer queue, 313, 318

printer request priority, 315

printer status, 325

PRINTER variable, 318

printer, disable/enable, 327

printf format, 50

printf statement, nawk , 49

printf variable format, 50

priority, printer request, 315

priority, alter CPU, 385

private information, 116

procedure, shell, 281

process command line, 166

process control, 221, 270, 508

process execution time, 546, 549

process flags, 448, 450

process ID, 276, 445, 448

process kernel stack size, 450

process options, 247

process owner, 449

process priority, 448

process real memory size, 450

process signals, 563

process size, 449

process sleep time, 450

process sleeping, 495

process soft memory limit, 450

process status, 445, 448

process swap address, 449

process user ID, 449

process virtual memory size, 450

process, attached/detached, 270

process, hung, 277

process, in background, 22, 23, 270, 507

process, in foreground, 22, 23, 270

process, runaway, 277

process, stopped , 59, 507

process, suspended , 23, 59, 270, 495, 507, 523

process, terminate, 196

process, wait on background, 614

processor utilization, 448

program, shell, 281

programming examples, nawk , 53

programming language, C, 23

programming language, ksh , 280

programming language, nawk , 35

programming, shell, 432

prompt command, ed , 154

prompt option, ex , 188

prompt variable, 288

prompt variable, 288, 403

prompt, change ed , 148

prompt, more , 372

prompt, page , 372

prompt, primary shell, 401

prompt, secondary shell, 401

prompt, select , 401

prompting, shell, 288

pros of vi , 593

ps command, 445

PS1 variable, 401

PS2 variable, 401

PS3 variable, 401

PS4 variable, 401

pushd command, 454

put command, ex , 177

putting text, ex , 177

pwd , 11, 456

PWD variable, 399, 456

Ctrl-Q, stop output, 511

QIC cartridge tape device, 536

query terminal database, 555

quick substitution, history commands, 212

quit command, ed , 154

quit command, sed , 480

quit signal, tty, 514

quoting, 288

random number function, rand , nawk , 47

RANDOM variable, 399

range patterns, nawk , 40

ranges, address, ed , 150

ranges, address, ex , 171

ranges, address, sed , 477

read command, 458, 487

read command, ed , 154

read command, ex , 180

read command, sed , 480

read from file descriptor, 266

read line, 301, 458

read mail message, 338, 341, 344

read permission, 82, 333

read-ahead feature, 8

read-only mode, ex , 188

read-only mode, vi , 589

readonly command, 458

readonly option, ex , 188

real memory used, 550

reassign positional parameters, 492

receiving mail, 19

recipients, mail, 340

record separator, RS , 42

records, 35

records, selecting, 37

recover ex file, 168, 186

recover vi file, 594

recursive, nawk functions, 48

recursively descend directories, 234

recursively, display directories, 329

redirecting output in loops, 268

redirection, see I/O

redo command, ex , 178

redraw option, ex , 188

reduce command search time, 256

reduce CPU priority, 385

reduce file size, 395

reduce muliple characters, 599

reduce redundant code, 441

reedit a file, ex , 178

reference manuals, on-line, 363

referencing tags, 185

referencing variables, 398, 404

registers, vi , 597

regular expressions, 38, 149, 161, 183, 251, 461-466

regular expressions, anchors, 463

regular expressions, concatenation, 467

regular expressions, empty, 465

regular expressions, escape sequences, 466

regular expressions, full, 465

regular expressions, grouping, 464

regular expressions, null, 465

regular expressions, precise, 464

regular expressions, simple, 461

regular expressions, single character, 462

regular expressions, special, 465

regular expressions, substitute, 465

relational operators , nawk , 39

relation database join, 273

relative addressing, pg , 417

relative path, 71

relative pathnames, 10

release of operating system, 584

remap option, ex , 189

reminder service, 295

reminder service, calendar , 63

remote mail, 357

remove blank lines, 586

remove control characters, col , 90

remove crontab file, 111

remove directories, 469

remove duplicate lines, 497, 586

remove empty lines, 68

remove escape sequences, col , 90

remove filename prefix, 57, 406

remove filename suffix, 141, 406

remove files, 469

remove leading blanks from variable, 575

remove links, 469

remove pathname prefix, 57, 406

remove print jobs, 323

remove top directory from stack, 421

remove variables, 484, 490

rename directories, 15, 377

rename files, 15, 377

repeat command line processing, 166

repeat last command, vi , 609

repeat last ex command, vi , 609

repeat last insert, vi , 604

repetitive tab stops, 526

replace argument list, ex , 179

replace characters, 560, 605

replace current process, 194

replace hold space, sed , 480

replace pattern space, sed , 480

replace text, vi , 605

reply to sender, 350

REPLY variable, 399

report duplicate lines, 586

report modifications, ex , 189

report option, ex , 189

report process status, 445

reprint character, tty, 515

request, printer, 314

request-ID, print, 65

requirements, password, 410

reserved variables, 399

reset arguments, shell , 485

reset ex options, 186

reset options, shell , 485

reset terminal, 556, 569

reset tty modes, 571

resident set size of process, 450

resident set size of text, 451

resource limits, 576

restrict sort fields, 498

restricted ed itor, 149

restricted ksh , 284

resume print request, 314

resume stopped job, 221

retrieve data, 35

retrieve text, ex , 178

retrieve text, vi , 597

return code, 100, 196, 208, 566

return statement, 442

return statement, nawk , 48

return status, 100, 196, 208, 566

reverse order sort, 498

review mail message, 338

rewind argument list, ex , 179

right justify variable, 575, 576

RLENGTH , matched string length, 41

rm command, 469

root directory, 24

rows of data, 35

rows, tty, 514

RS , record separator, 42

RSTART , start posistion of matched string, 42

rules, command syntax, 97

rules, file naming, 230

run level of system, 629

runaway process, 277

Ctrl-S, start output, 511

save and quit ex , 186

save mail message, 350

save text, vi , 597

save w/o checking, ex , 190

savehist variable, 213, 261, 403

scan number registers, vi , 609

screen, 10

screen adjusting, vi , 602

screen clear , 87, 556

screen control, more , 374

screen movement, vi , 600

screen units, vi , 592, 597

screen viewing, more , 374

screen, scroll, 416

screen, vi , 17

script command, 474

script of terminal session, 474

script, shell, 281, 432

scripts, sed , 476

scroll option, ex , 189

scroll screen, 373, 416

scrolling, vi , 602, 603

SCSI tape device, 536

search a file, 160, 223, 251

search command, ed , 152, 155

search command, ex , 181

search directories, 234

search directory permissions, 333

search for command, 99, 256

search for directory, 72, 234

search for files, 72, 234

search for pattern, 160, 223, 251

search for pattern, pg , 418

search for string, 160, 223, 251

search for word, 160, 223, 251

search man page header lines, 620

search, character, vi , 601

search, fast file, 223

search, man page header lines, 33

search, simple, 223

search, string, vi , 601

search, wrap around buffer, ex , 190

searche units, vi , 592, 597

SECONDS variable, 399

section movement, vi , 600

section units, vi , 592, 597

sections option, ex , 189

sections, man page, 365

security, 24

security, data, 115

sed command, 476

seed function, srand , 47

select lines, 37

select prompt, 401

selecting file, expressions, 237

send mail message, 338, 341

send messages to tty, 367

send signal to process, 276

send signals, device driver, 516

sending mail, 19

sentence movement, vi , 600

sentence units, vi , 592, 597

separate options, 247

separate words, shell, 287

separator, ex command, 172, 186

separator, field FS , nawk , 41

separator, field, nawk , 35, 121

separator, input field FS , nawk , 41, 48

separator, input field, ksh , 287, 401

separator, input record RS , nawk , 42, 48

separator, output field OFS , nawk , 41

separator, output record ORS , nawk , 41

separator, record RS , nawk , 42

separator, subscript SUBSEP , nawk , 42, 44

sequential execution operator, 284

session, killing vi , 595

set arguments, shell , 485

set command, 484

set date, 123

set directory permissions, 79, 582

set ex options, 186

set file permissions, 79, 582

set hostname, 263

set mail variables, 350

set options, ex , 186

set options, shell , 485

set read-only mode, ex , 188

set tab stops, 525

set terminal I/O options, 509, 569

set terminal type, 569, 593

set time, 123

set variable read-only, 576

set variables, 484, 490

set window size, ex , 190

set window size, pg , 419

set , ex option setting, 187

set-group-ID permission, 82, 333

set-user-ID permission, 82, 333

setenv command, 490

setting password, 12

sh command, 1, 2

SHACCT variable, 401

shared memory, 550

shell, 1, 27

shell arithmetic, 300

shell command separator, 96

shell command syntax, 98

shell environment, 201, 398, 484, 490, 519

shell environment, see environment

shell features, 280

shell option, ex , 189

shell procedure, 281

shell programming, 432

shell script, 281

SHELL variable, 356, 402

shell variable, 403

shell, see csh

shell, see ksh

shell, which version, 9

shift command, 492

shift posistional parameters, 492

shiftwidth option, ex , 189

shorthand command, see alias

shorthand for ls , 331

shorthand, file referencing, 230

showmatch option, ex , 189

showmode option, ex , 189

signal queue, 277

signal, break, 511

signal, hang-up, 390

signal, interrupt, 510

signals, 277

signals, catch, 562

signals, check for, 512

signals, ignore, 562

similarities, directory, 130

simple command syntax, 96

simple commands, 98

simple regular expressions, 461

simulaneous output redirection, 539

sin , sine function, 47

sine function, sin , 47

single character regular expressions, 462

single quotes, 288

size history file, 213, 261

size of file, 330, 619

size of process, 449

size window, ex , 174, 190

size window, pg , 419

skip backward, pg , 418

skip forward, pg , 418

sleep command, 495

slowopen option, ex , 189

software emulation, 594

software requirements, 4

sort ascending, 500

sort by time, files, 330

sort command, 497

sort descending, 500

sort keys, 500

sort positional parameters, 486

source code editing with tags, 168, 590

source code, locate path to, 624

source options, ex , 186

source script, csh , 290

source script, ksh , 290

spaces to tabs, convert, 199

spawn child process, 100

spawn new process, 445

special characters, filename generation, 229

special characters, ksh , 284

special characters, see regular expressions also

special modes permission, 83

special regular expressions, 465

special variables, 399

spell checking, 501

spell command, 501

spellin command, 501

spellout command, 501

split command, 505

split files, 505

split , string split function, nawk , 47

splitting a file, 118

splitting strings into arrays, csh , 407

splitting strings into arrays, nawk , 45

spool output to printer, 313, 318

sprintf , string format function, 47

sqrt , square root function, 47

square root function, sqrt , 47

squeeze occurrence characters, 599

srand , seed function, 47

stack segment, maximum size, 576

stack space, unshared, 550

stack, directory, 142

standard error, see I/O

standard I/O, 195

standard I/O, close, 195

standard I/O, copy, 195

standard I/O, open, 195

standard input, see I/O

standard output, see I/O

start posistion of matched string, RSTART , nawk , 42

start time of process, 449

state of job, 270

state of process, 270

statistics, file, 236

statistics, process execution, 546, 549

status line, vi , 595, 603

status of mail message, 342

status of process, 448, 450

status variable, 400

status, printer, 325

sticky bit permission, 82, 333

stop character, tty, 515

stop command, 507

stop editor, ex , 180, 186

stop process, 507

stopped process, 59, 507

storage, see directories

storage, see files

store mail message, 338

store multiple keystrokes, 185

store related information, see arrays

store text, ex , 176

store text, vi , 597

store values, 398, 484, 490, 575

store values, see arrays

stored tab stops, 526

stream editor, 476

Streams, see I/O

string comparison, 435

string comparison tests, 543

string format, sprintf function, 47

string manipulation, 47, 206

string operators, nawk , 39

string search, 160, 223, 251

string search, vi , 601

string split function, 47

string to number, convert, 53

string variables, nawk , 42

structure, file system, 24

structure, files, 25

structured programming, 433

structureless files, 24

stty command, 509

su command, 518

sub , substring search function, 47

subdirectories, search for files, 234

subscript separator, SUBSEP , 42, 44

subscripts, array, 44, 403-405

subsections, man page, 365

SUBSEP , subscript separator, 42, 44

subshell operators, 285