Inter-organizational Information System (IOIS)

 < Day Day Up > 



Cash and Konsynski (1985) defined an IOIS as an infrastructure made up of computers and communication that crosses company boundaries and permits information sharing. The literature mentions several IOIS types, including B2B EC, customer-oriented strategic systems, EDI and electronic markets. Zwass (1996, p. 3) defined B2B EC as sharing business information, maintaining business relationships and conducting business transactions via telecommunication networks. Reich and Benbasat (1990) defined a customer-oriented strategic system as “an information system linking a company to its customers used to support or shape the company’s competitive strategy” (p. 326). Premkumar et al. (1997) defined EDI as “the direct computer-to-computer communication between an organization and its trading partners of business documents and information in a machine-readable, structured format that permits data to be processed by the receiver without rekeying” (p. 108). Bakos (1997, p. 1679) defined an electronic market as an IOIS that allows participating buyers and sellers in a market to exchange information about prices and product offerings and execute transactions.

The literature does not offer a typology or distinction between the different IOIS types. The author definitions offer a few distinctions. Electronic markets require a critical mass of buyers and sellers, whereas EDI, B2B EC and customeroriented strategic systems do not. Customer-oriented strategic systems primarily focus on linking a company with its customers and EDI includes other business partners. There is not a clear distinction between B2B EC and the other IOIS types. One could argue that B2B EC encompasses the other IOIS types.

Table 1 shows 25 reviewed studies categorized by IOIS type and whether they concentrate on adoption or diffusion. The IOIS type categorization is based on the IOIS name used in each study. Table 1 shows 27 studies, because two studies (Hart & Saunders, 1997; Premkumar & Ramamurthy, 1995) concentrate on both EDI adoption and diffusion. The “other” category includes variations of customer-oriented strategic systems.

Table 1: Summary of 25 studies on facilitators of IOIS adoption and diffusion

STUDY

TYPE OF IOIS

ADOPTION

DIFFUSION

TOTAL

B2B EC

1

4

5

EDI

10

6

16

Electronic Markets

0

1

1

Other

4

1

5

Total

15

12

27

Table 1 indicates that 15 of the 27 IOIS studies focus on EDI. Only one empirical study discusses electronic market diffusion facilitators.



 < Day Day Up > 



Inter-Organizational Information Systems in the Internet Age
Inter-Organizational Information Systems in the Internet Age
ISBN: 1591403189
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2006
Pages: 148

flylib.com © 2008-2017.
If you may any questions please contact us: flylib@qtcs.net